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Guide to Home Development Planning Permission: Roof Extensions, Solar Panels, and More, Lecture notes of Painting

Essential information on planning permission requirements for various home developments, including roof extensions, solar panels, and more. Learn about the need for planning applications, fees, and approvals for listed buildings, as well as other approvals and enforcement. Useful for university students studying urban planning, architecture, or real estate.

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2021/2022

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Your Home and Planning Permission
Introduction
The Council’s aim is to improve the quality of life of the people in the Borough by planning
and managing development in ways which are sustainable, and which contribute to
creating a better environment. Submitting a planning application to the Council gives an
opportunity for your proposed development to be considered in the context of this aim.
Proposed development which may seem to be relatively minor to you can have a
significant impact on the neighbourhood and the built environment.
In many cases, however, you can carry out small alterations and extensions to your
home and property without the need to submit an application for planning permission.
This is known as permitted development. Generally, permitted development rights are
applied to relatively minor non-contentious development where it is considered that,
subject to specified exceptions, an application for planning permission is not required.
This document is to help you to understand if you need planning permission for
works carried out around your home. It also tells you how to go about making a
planning application if one is needed.
The document is simply a guide and is not an exact statement of the law. Planning
legislation can be accessed at https://www.infrastructure-ni.gov.uk/articles/current-
planning-legislation. Please note that an extension to a flat or a residential property
in multiple occupancy does not benefit from the permitted development rights set
out in this guide. If, when you have read the document, you are still in doubt, you should
contact the Council’s Planning Service, where staff will be happy to advise you. Contact
details can be found in Section 16.
Even when you don’t need planning permission for your proposed works, there are
other kinds of approval you may need. For example, you may have to get approval
under the building regulations from the Council for many of the works mentioned
in this document. Information about this and other types of consent can be found in
Section 14.
If you consider the works you propose to carry out are permitted development, you can
apply to the Council for a Certificate of Lawfulness for the Proposed Use or Development
(CLOPUD). This can be particularly beneficial to those participating in the housing
market as solicitors representing purchasers will usually require documentary evidence
that extensions etc. are lawful. An application for a Certificate of Lawfulness must be
accompanied by the appropriate fee. For more information see “Fees” in Section 1 2 of
this document.
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Your Home and Planning Permission

Introduction

The Council’s aim is to improve the quality of life of the people in the Borough by planning and managing development in ways which are sustainable, and which contribute to creating a better environment. Submitting a planning application to the Council gives an opportunity for your proposed development to be considered in the context of this aim. Proposed development which may seem to be relatively minor to you can have a significant impact on the neighbourhood and the built environment. In many cases, however, you can carry out small alterations and extensions to your home and property without the need to submit an application for planning permission. This is known as permitted development. Generally, permitted development rights are applied to relatively minor non-contentious development where it is considered that, subject to specified exceptions, an application for planning permission is not required. This document is to help you to understand if you need planning permission for works carried out around your home. It also tells you how to go about making a planning application if one is needed. The document is simply a guide and is not an exact statement of the law. Planning legislation can be accessed at https://www.infrastructure-ni.gov.uk/articles/current- planning-legislation. Please note that an extension to a flat or a residential property in multiple occupancy does not benefit from the permitted development rights set out in this guide. If, when you have read the document, you are still in doubt, you should contact the Council’s Planning Service, where staff will be happy to advise you. Contact details can be found in Section 16. Even when you don’t need planning permission for your proposed works, there are other kinds of approval you may need. For example, you may have to get approval under the building regulations from the Council for many of the works mentioned in this document. Information about this and other types of consent can be found in Section 1 4. If you consider the works you propose to carry out are permitted development, you can apply to the Council for a Certificate of Lawfulness for the Proposed Use or Development (CLOPUD). This can be particularly beneficial to those participating in the housing market as solicitors representing purchasers will usually require documentary evidence that extensions etc. are lawful. An application for a Certificate of Lawfulness must be accompanied by the appropriate fee. For more information see “Fees” in Section 1 2 of this document.

CONTENTS

  • Section 1 Building an Extension Pg
  • Section 2 Alterations and Additions
    • Porches
    • Conservatories
    • Granny flats
    • Homeworking
    • Demolition
  • Section 3 Extensions Consisting of an Addition or Alteration to a Roof
    • Rooflights, dormers or other roof extensions
    • Roofspace conversion
    • Re-roofing your house
  • Section 4 Building a Garage or Car Port
    • Creation/Replacement of a hard surface for a car
    • Access to a road
  • Section 5 Decking, Walls and Fencing
    • Walls and Fences
    • Decking and raised platforms
  • Section 6 Garden Sheds, Greenhouses and Other Buildings
  • Section 7 Repairs and Maintenance
    • General improvements and repairs to a house
    • Changing exterior doors or windows
    • Internal alterations to a house
    • Painting/cladding the exterior of your house
  • Section 8 Other Minor Works
    • Oil or liquefied petroleum gas container
    • Putting up a TV aerial
    • Erecting a radio mast
    • Chimneys, flues or soil and vent pipes
    • Putting up a microwave antenna
    • Keeping a caravan or boat in a garden or driveway

Section 1: Building an Extension

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. As a result of the extension, the total area of ground covered by the extension and any other buildings within the curtilage of the house, excluding the original house, would not exceed 50% of the total area of the curtilage (excluding the ground area of the original house).
  2. Any part of the extension is not higher than the highest part of the roof of the existing house.
  3. The height of the eaves of the extension are not higher than the eaves of the existing house.
  4. Any part of the extension does not extend beyond any wall facing a road if it forms the principal or side elevation of the original house.
  5. The eaves are no more than 3 metres in height if any part of the extension is within 2 metres of the curtilage of the house.
  6. The materials used in any exterior work, other than materials used in the construction of a conservatory, are of similar appearance to those used in the construction of the exterior of the original house.
  7. An upper floor window located in a wall or roof slope forming a side elevation of the house, which is within 15 metres of any boundary of the curtilage of a neighbouring house is obscure glazed; and is non–opening unless the parts which can be opened are more than 1.7 metres above the floor of the room in which the window is installed.
  8. A side extension does not exceed 4 metres in height or be wider than half the width of the original house.
  9. In a single storey extension (see illustration 1 ) :- a. the extension does not extend beyond the rear wall of the original house by more than 4 metres for a detached house or 3 metres for any other type of house; b. the height of the extension does not exceed 4 metres; c. no part of the extension is within 3.5 metres of any property boundary with a road opposite the rear wall of the house.
  10. In an extension with more than one storey (see illustration 2) : - a. the extension does not extend beyond the rear wall of the original house by more than 3 metres; b. no part of the extension is within 7 metres of the property boundary opposite the rear wall of the house; c. the roof pitch of the extension is as far as practicable the same as the roof pitch of the original house.
  1. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area^1 or an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty- a. no part of the exterior of the house is clad with stone, artificial stone, pebbledash, render, timber, plastic or tiles; b. the extension is not more than 1 storey or 4 metres in height; c. no part of the extension extends beyond a principal or side elevation of the original house. Note: Measurements are always calculated using external measurements. If you live in a house which is a listed building, it is likely that you will need Listed Building Consent for any building operations. If the development is within the curtilage of a listed building you may need to submit a planning application for the work unless listed building consent has already been granted. The Council’s Planning Service will be able to advise you. Illustration 1: Side and rear single storey extensions to detached house Illustration 2: Two storey rear extension to terraced house (^1) Conservation Areas are designated in parts of Donaghadee, Portaferry and Holywood

Conservatories

A conservatory attached to the house will be treated as an extension and therefore will need to comply with the rules set out in Section 1. A free-standing conservatory will be subject to the criteria set out in Section 6 – “Garden Sheds, Greenhouses and Other Buildings”.

Other dwelling attached to a house e.g. a granny flat

Planning permission is required if it is a separate and self-contained unit. If it is not a separate and self-contained unit it will be treated as an extension and therefore will need to comply with the restrictions and limitations as set out in Section 1.

Converting a house, or part of it into one or more flats or

apartments

Planning permission is required for converting a house or part of a house into one or more flats, even though building work may not be involved as this will be treated as a change of use.

Changing part of a house for homeworking purposes

The use of any part of a house for homeworking purposes may not need planning permission but this will depend on the scale and nature of the use. Check with the Council’s Planning Service and refer to Annex A of Planning Policy Statement 4: Planning and Economic Development.

Demolition

If your house lies within a Conservation Area (see glossary) you may need consent for demolition. You may also need to apply for planning permission for demolition if your house is located within an Area of Townscape or Village Character, even if it just includes demolition of walls, gates, fences or other means of enclosure. In all cases it is recommended that you consult the Council’s Planning Service with the details of the particular proposal and seek advice. If you live in a house which is a listed building, it is likely that you will need Listed Building Consent for any building operations. If the development is within the curtilage of a listed building you may need to submit a planning application for the work unless listed building consent has already been granted. The Council’s Planning Service will be able to advise you.

Section 3: Extensions Consisting of an Addition or

Alteration to a Roof

Roof lights, dormer windows or other roof extensions

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. No part of the roof light, dormer or extension is higher than the highest part of the existing roof.
  2. No part of the roof light, dormer or extension projects by more than 15 centimetres in front of any existing roof slope of the house which faces onto a road and forms the principal or side elevation of the house.
  3. No part of the roof light, dormer or roof extension is any closer than 0.5 metres to the ridge of the existing roof, eaves of the existing roof (measured along the plane of the roof) or any party wall or verge.
  4. The materials used in any exterior work are of similar appearance to those used in the construction of the exterior of the existing house.
  5. Any window inserted in a wall or roof slope forming a side elevation within 15 metres of a boundary of a curtilage of a neighbouring house is obscure glazed; and is non–opening unless the parts which can be opened are more than 1. metres above the floor of the room in which the window is installed.
  6. Your house is not in a Conservation Area. Illustration 4: Rear dormer not requiring planning permission

Section 4: Building a Garage or Carport

Garage or Car Port

Planning permission is not required for a detached garage or car port provided that:

  1. The garage is used for domestic purposes only.
  2. The ground area covered by the garage/car port and any other buildings within the boundary of the property, excluding the original house, is not more than half the total area of the property.
  3. No part of the garage is in front of the principal or side elevation of the original house that faces onto a road.
  4. The maximum height of the garage/car port is 4 metres.
  5. The maximum eaves height of the garage/car port is 2.5 metres if it is within 2 metres of the boundary of the curtilage of the house.
  6. No part of the garage is within 3.5 metres of the boundary of the curtilage of the house with a road opposite the rear wall of the house.
  7. If you live in a house within An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty the maximum total area of ground covered by buildings situated more than 20 metres from any wall of the house does not exceed 10 square metres.
  8. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty the garage is not situated between the principal or side elevation of the house and its boundary. Note: A garage which is attached to the house will be treated as an extension for which the rules in Section 1 will apply. Planning permission is not required providing you comply with the rules for building an extension. Measurements are always calculated using external measurements.

The creation or replacement of a hard surface for a car

Planning permission is not required provided that your car is used as a private vehicle and the hardstanding does not involve the construction or alteration of an access to a trunk or classified road or might cause an obstruction to other road users near a junction, bend or crest. If the hard surface is to the front of your house and is greater than 5 square metres it must be of porous or permeable materials or provision made to direct run-off water to a porous or permeable area within the grounds of the house. Porous surfaces such as pebbles or gravel allow water to drain through it while permeable surfaces have materials such as paving slabs and tiles with gaps which allow water drainage.

Access to a road

Planning permission is required unless the new access is to an unclassified road and is to serve permitted development which does not need planning permission. Even where planning permission is not required an application for consent to make or alter an access to a road must still be submitted to DFI Roads for approval. If the work involves making a new access or altering an existing access to a trunk or classified road planning permission will be needed for the access and the development. If the development is within a site of archaeological interest or an area of special scientific interest planning permission is always required. If in any doubt, check with the local DFI Roads office, contact details can be found under ‘Government’ in the phone directory or on the NI Direct website https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/contacts/dfi-roads If you live in a house which is a listed building, it is likely that you will need Listed Building Consent for any building operations. If the development is within the curtilage of a listed building you may need to submit a planning application for the work unless listed building consent has already been granted. The Council’s Planning Service will be able to advise you.

Illustration 5: Building a wall or fence

Section 6: Garden Shed, Greenhouses and Other Buildings

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. The shed/greenhouse/building is used for domestic purposes only.
  2. The ground area covered by the shed/greenhouse/building and any other buildings within the boundary of the property, excluding the original house, is not more than half the total area of the property.
  3. No part of the shed/greenhouse/building is in front of the principal or side elevation of the original house that faces onto a road.
  4. The maximum height of the shed/greenhouse/building is 4 metres.
  5. The maximum eaves height of the shed/greenhouse/building is 2.5 metres if it is within 2 metres of the property boundary.
  6. No part of the shed/greenhouse/building is within 3.5 metres of the boundary with a road to the rear of the house.
  7. If you live in a house within an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty the maximum total area of ground covered by buildings, enclosures and pools situated more than 20 metres from any wall of the house does not exceed 10 square metres.
  8. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty the shed/greenhouse/building is not situated between the principal or side elevation of the house and its boundary.
  9. The building is not used for the keeping of pigeons. Note: Measurements are always calculated using external measurements. If you live in a house which is a listed building, it is likely that you will need Listed Building Consent for any building operations. If the development is within the curtilage of a listed building you may need to submit a planning application for the work unless listed building consent has already been granted. The Council’s Planning Service will be able to advise you.

Section 8: Other Minor Works

Oil or liquefied petroleum gas container

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. The container is for domestic purposes.
  2. The container has a maximum capacity of 3,500 litres.
  3. No part of the container is more than 3 metres above ground level.
  4. No part of the container is on land in front of the principal or side elevation of the original house that faces a road.
  5. The container is no closer than 2 metres from a rear property boundary with a road.
  6. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area no part of the container is on land between the principal or side elevation of the house and its boundary.

Putting up a TV aerial

Planning permission is not required to put up a TV aerial.

Erecting a radio mast

Planning permission is required to erect a radio mast.

Chimneys, flues or soil and vent pipes

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. The height of the chimney, flue or soil and vent pipe is not more than 1 metre above the highest part of the roof.
  2. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty the chimney, flue or soil and vent pipe is not installed on the principal or side elevation of the house which faces a road.

Putting up a microwave antenna

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. There are no more than 2 antennas on the house or within its curtilage.
  2. A single installed antenna is not longer than 100 centimetres in any direction.
  3. If two antennas are installed, one is not longer than 100 centimetres and the other longer than 60 centimetres in any direction.
  4. An antenna fitted to a chimney stack:- a. is no longer than 60 centimetres in any direction; b. does not protrude above the chimney.
  5. The antenna has a maximum cubic capacity of not more than 35 litres.
  6. An antenna installed on a roof without a chimney is not higher than the highest part of the roof.
  7. An antenna installed on a roof with a chimney is either:- a. not higher than the highest part of the chimney, or b. not more than 60 centimetres measured from the highest part of the ridge tiles of the roof whichever is the lower.
  8. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, or Area of Special Scientific Interest- a. the antenna is not installed on a chimney, wall or roof slope facing onto and visible from a road, and b. is not installed on a building over 15 metres high. Note: An antenna should so far as is practicable: o be sited so as to minimise its effect on the external appearance of the building and o be removed when no longer needed for reception or transmission purposes The length of an antenna is to be measured in any linear direction, but the measurement does not include any projecting feed element, reinforcing rim, mounting or brackets.

Section 9: Solar Panels

Roof mounted solar panels on a pitched roof (see illustration 6)

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. No part of the panel exceeds the highest part of the roof.
  2. No part of the panel protrudes more than 20 centimetres beyond the plane of a roof slope facing onto and visible from a road.
  3. Panels do not exceed the boundary of the existing roof.
  4. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area the roof slope on which the panels are fitted must not face onto and be visible from a road.

Roof mounted solar panels on a flat roof

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. Panels do not extend more than 1.5 metres above the plane of the roof.
  2. Panels do not exceed the boundary of the existing roof.
  3. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area the panels must not be visible from a road.

Wall mounted solar panels

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. Any part of the panel which is higher than 4 metres and closer than 3 metres to the property boundary does not protrude more than 20 centimetres from the plane of the wall.
  2. Panels do not exceed the boundary of the wall.
  3. No part of the solar panel installed on a wall of a chimney is higher than the highest part of the roof.
  4. If you live in a house within a Conservation Area the wall must not face onto and be visible from a road.

Free-standing solar equipment

Planning permission is not required provided that:

  1. There is only one freestanding solar panel installation within the boundary of the house.
  2. The area of the free-standing solar panel does not exceed 14 square metres.
  3. No part of the panel exceeds 2 metres in height.
  4. No part of the panel is closer to a road than the part of the house nearest the road. Note: The primary purpose of solar equipment must be to provide heat or energy for a domestic property. Equipment must be removed as soon as reasonably practicable when no longer in use. Illustration 6: Roof solar panel facing onto and visible from a road