Download WRT Exam Review (2024/2025) | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Grade and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity!
WRT Exam Review ( 2024 /2025) | Actual Questions and Answers Latest
Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+)
The most critical course of action in restorative drying is to ___________________ _______________ and begin __________________ as soon as possible. Answer ✔✔Respond Quickly & Mitagation All restorers should follow the standard of care for the water restoration profession developed by the restoration industry entitled the IICRC _____________________. Answer ✔✔S500 Standard To help protect technicians from the many hazards associated with contaminated water losses, restorers need to have ready access to several items. These items protect for all ____________________ _________________ to the body. Answer ✔✔Potential Exposures Respiratory protection regulations state that the employer must provide:
_____________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Medical Evaluation Fit Testing Training The contract clearly states the agreement between the building owner and the restoration contractor. The form specifies who is responsible for payment and should be signed ______________________ work begins. Answer ✔✔Before The technician's first responsibility when arriving at a water damage site is to identify, communicate and eliminate ______________ _________________ if reasonably possible. Answer ✔✔Safety Hazards Federal regulations apply to the handling of _________ based paint and asbestos. Answer ✔✔Lead After safety concerns have been addressed and the initial water source has been stopped, the restorer must complete an evaluation of the water's migration through the structure. During this process, the
restorer inspects all _________________ ____________________ areas. Answer ✔✔Potentially Affected The ultimate goal is to find the "edge" of water migration, which moves in a three-dimensional path throughout the structure. This is accomplished across carpeted surfaces using a ______________ _______________, and across most hard surfaces using a ______________________________ (non- penetrating) moisture meter. Answer ✔✔Moisture Sensor Non-invasive Water from a clean source with no substantial risk of causing sickness or discomfort is said to be _____________________ ____ water. Answer ✔✔Category 1 Water that has a significant degree of chemical, biological and/or physical contamination and a potential to cause sickness or discomfort is __________________ ____. Answer ✔✔Category 2 Cleaning procedures must be employed before the drying of a Category 2 water loss can continue. At a minimum, affected __________________ must be removed and disposed of, and carpet must be thoroughly cleaned using a hot water extraction method. Answer ✔✔Carpet Pads When water intrusion results from a grossly unsanitary source or carries ___________________ (disease causing) agents, it is said to be Category 3. Answer ✔✔Pathogenic Worker and occupant __________________ and safety are the first priority on every sewage loss. Areas affected by Category 3 water intrusion are marked and posted as potentially hazardous. Answer ✔✔Health Various cleaning and decontamination procedures must be used on Category 3 water losses, including the removal of all ________________ _________________ materials affected by the water intrusion. Answer ✔✔Highly Porous When resistance is encountered and performing proper services in a Category 3 water loss becomes a challenge, restorers ______________ ________________ immediately to prevent liability and address the conflict. Answer ✔✔Stop Work
Many building materials will absorb excess water vapor and suffer damage, especially when air is allowed to remain above ________% relative humidity. Answer ✔✔70% Hygroscopic materials gain and lose moisture continually in an effort to ___________________ with the water content in the surrounding air mass. The more hygroscopic the material, the faster it will collect water vapor, and the easier it will suffer ________________________ damage. Answer ✔✔Equalize Secondary When water intrusion results in water running through wall cavities, inspection access holes are used to ensure that blown-in insulation has not compacted and lost its _________________. Answer ✔✔R - Value The most effective way to speed the drying process is to remove as much of the water in a liquid state as possible during the ___________________ phase (for example, multiple extractions). Poor extraction will significantly slow the drying process. Answer ✔✔Extraction Abide by local ___________________ and regulations when disposing extracted water. Waste water is best disposed of into a sanitary sewer. Answer ✔✔Laws The primary goal of the initial extraction of the affected area is to contain further ____________________ of the water within the structure. Answer ✔✔Migration Whenever carpet must be disengaged from the tackless strip, a ___________ _________ and carpet awl must be used. Answer ✔✔Knee Kicker The majority of cushion has a skin or mesh on the top side. The purpose of this skin is to ease _____________ _____________________ during installation; it is not a vapor barrier. Answer ✔✔Carpet Stretching If the carpet is to be re-installed, technicians should avoid cutting carpet seams unless it is absolutely___________________. Answer ✔✔Necessary
How many gallons of water are present in a basement that measures 30' × 25' where water is standing at a depth of 6' 9"? (L x W = Sq Ft x Inches Deep / 12 = Cu Ft) (Cu Ft x 7.48 = Gallons) Answer ✔✔30 x 25 = 750 Sq Ft (6 x 12) + 9 = 81 Inches Deep 750 x 81 = 60,750 / 12 = 5,062.5 Cu Ft 5,062.5 x 7.48 = 37,867.5 Gallons Every cubic foot of standing water present in a structure contains __________ gallons (28.3 liters), and each gallon (3.8 liters) of water weighs 8.34 pounds (3.8 kg). Answer ✔✔7. There are three levels of biocidal activity, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [Provide name and description, starting with weakest]:
______________________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Sanitizer: Designed to reduce the # of pathogenic microorganisms to a safe level. This is the lowest level of biocidal activity. Disinfectant: Designed to destroy or inactivate microorganisms, not spores. Sterilizers: Designed to destroy/eliminate all forms of microorganisms and all spores Whenever a chemical antimicrobial or biocide is used, restorers must follow the label ________________ explicitly. Answer ✔✔Directions Most antimicrobials require that the area of application be vacated by ___________ and pets during application and for a period of time after application. Answer ✔✔Occupants Establishing a _________ __________ is the best way to set restorative drying goals. A dry standard is established by obtaining a moisture reading using an _____________________ material. Answer ✔✔Dry Standard Unaffected
When air is moved more rapidly across the wet surface After excess water has been extracted, the time needed to dry wet materials is determined by the _____________________________________________________. Answer ✔✔Rate of Evaporation As the water is rapidly evaporated, the water vapor is removed by _________________________ or _____________________. Answer ✔✔Dehumidification Ventilation __________________ occurs when liquid changes to a vapor. Occurs as energy is increased. Answer ✔✔Evaporation As moisture evaporates from a wet material, the surface of the material becomes ___________________ because energy is released from the material. Answer ✔✔Cooler __________________ occurs when vapor changes to a liquid. Occurs as energy is removed. Answer ✔✔Condinsation ______________________ occurs when a solid changes to a vapor (without going through a liquid phase). Answer ✔✔Sublimation Freeze drying (sublimation) is typically used with valuable saturated books and documents. Books and documents saturated with clean water may be restorable if: ________________ or ___________________ as quickly as possible. Answer ✔✔Frozen Dried ____________________ ______________________ is defined as the amount of moisture contained in an air sample, as compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature. Answer ✔✔Relative Humidity When the air temperature increases, it can hold _________________ water vapor. Answer ✔✔More
In the restorative drying industry the weight measurement used to measure water vapor in air is grains per pound of air, abbreviated as GPP. This is called _______________ _______________. Answer ✔✔Humidity Ratio Which of these surface temperatures would promote the most rapid evaporation? a. 60° b. 70° c. 80° Answer ✔✔c. 80° If a material is not drying well, what would be the most effective method of increasing evaporation? a. Use air filtration b. Warm the material c. Add more airflow Answer ✔✔b. Warm the material One of the most effective methods of drying wet wood under hard surfaces is: a. Heated airflow b. Demolition of the wood c. Negative air pressure Answer ✔✔a. Heated airflow Use your Psychrometric Chart to complete the following calculations: a. 80°F at 60% RH = _____________________ GPP b. 53°F at 80% RH = _____________________ GPP c. Which of the two conditions above has the lowest vapor pressure? ______ d. On a structural drying project, the indoor condition is 80°F and 60% RH. The temperature needed to bring the relative humidity to 30% is ___________________________
Vapor pressure, dew point and humidity ratio (GPP) are ___________ ___________ to each other. When one increases, the other two _____________. When one decreases, the other two _____________. Answer ✔✔Directly Related Increase Decrease Water vapor pressure is the force that drives higher concentrations of humidity from one space to another in an attempt to seek _________________ with lower concentrations of water vapor. Answer ✔✔Equilibrium The ability for water vapor to diffuse through a solid material is expressed as the material's __________________. Answer ✔✔Permeance Drying Systems [provide name and brief description of each]:
______________________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Open Drying System: Ventilation (at least 70°) Closed Drying System: Dehumidifiers Combination Drying System: Both Ventilation and Dehumidifiers Choose which drying systems could be used in these conditions. Outside Affected area Open Closed Combo 1.) 95° / 45%RH 80° / 50%RH __________ ____________
2.) 40° / 70%RH 75° / 40%RH __________ ____________ ___________ 3.) 75° / 20%RH 70° / 60%RH __________ ____________ ___________ Answer ✔✔1.) Closed 2.) Combination
3.) Open If open drying is determined appropriate, the following options (while keeping building security in mind) are available to the restorer:
__________________________________ Answer ✔✔Open Windows Ventilation Fans Additional Fans _______________________________ drying systems merge the benefits of both open and closed drying: the use of available, dry air from outside and the control offered by a closed system and mechanical dehumidification. Answer ✔✔Combination Elevating the temperature of a material will increase the _______________ _____________ associated with the moisture in the material. Answer ✔✔Vapor Pressure If the surface temperature of the material is higher than the ___________ point temperature of the surrounding air, evaporation may occur. Answer ✔✔Dew Which of these surface temperatures would have the fastest rate of evaporation? a. 10° below dew point b. 20° above dew point c. 30° above dew point Answer ✔✔c. 30° above dew point Class 1 water intrusions involve the ________ amount of water absorption, with less than ____% of the area surfaces being wet porous materials. Answer ✔✔Least
If the rate of evaporation is allowed to exceed the rate of dehumidification, ____________________ ________________ can occur. Answer ✔✔Secondary Damage Refrigerant dehumidifiers remove water from the air through the process of _________________________. Because of this fact, they are more efficient in higher humidity conditions. Refrigerant dehumidifiers work best between ____° and ____° F. Answer ✔✔Condensation 70° 90° Conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers under normal temperatures are effective in reducing high humidity to a normal level — approximately 40% RH, or about _______ GPP. Answer ✔✔ 55 LGRs produce lower ______ ____________ than conventional refrigerants and continue to remove significant water vapor down to ______ GPP. Answer ✔✔Vapor Pressure 34 Because desiccant dehumidifiers do not use condensation to remove water, they are not limited by low dew point temperatures; therefore, they produce the lowest _____________ ___________ of any dehumidifier. Answer ✔✔Vapor Pressure If a structure had affected air at 85 F at 65% RH, the most efficient type of dehumidifier to use would be a (choose one): refrigerant / desiccant Answer ✔✔Refrigerant If a structure had affected air at 75 F at 25% RH, the most efficient type of dehumidifier to use would be a (choose one): refrigerant / desiccant Answer ✔✔Desiccant If a structure cannot be warmed to a temperature where LGRs would be effective, the most efficient type of dehumidifier to use would be: refrigerant / desiccant Answer ✔✔Desiccant
Air filtration devices (AFDs) are needed in water restoration work whenever high levels of __________________ are being added to the air Answer ✔✔Particulates To determine how many dehumidifiers to place: a. Determine the _____________ feet (meters) affected or volume of air to be dehumidified by multiplying the area's length × width × height. b. Note the dehumidifier rating (Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, or AHAM, rating) of the refrigerant/LGR dehumidifier being used, or the process-out CFM of the desiccant dehumidifier being used. Dehumidifiers' AHAM ratings are measured in pints of water removed at _____°F, ____% RH for _____ hours. c. Once the factor has been identified, use the following formula for LGRs and conventional refrigerants: Imperial: cubic ft. _____ factor = AHAM pints required. d. For desiccant dehumidifiers, use the formula: Imperial: factor _____ cubic ft. ÷ 60 = CFM required. e. The product of the formula represents the _______________ CFM (desiccants) or AHAM pints (refrigerants) required. This total is then compare Answer ✔✔Cubic 80 Degrees, 60%, 24 hrs Divide (/) Times (X) Total, Minimum When using conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers in a "Class 2" water loss containing 15,000 cubic ft., the initial AHAM-rated capacity required is: Answer ✔✔15,000 / 40 = 375 PPD
The number of air movers to install will be: ________ for the room. ________ for the floors. ________ for the walls. ________ for the offset. The total number of air movers required is ____ - ____. Answer ✔✔ 1 4 - 5 1 1 7 - 8 Cupping will generally be the first indication of abnormal moisture levels in hardwood flooring as the ________________ and sides of the board absorb moisture. Answer ✔✔Bottom Cupping in hardwood is not _______________________ damage, and should be dried in most cases. Answer ✔✔Permanent _________________ represents the "was-wood" material with the least engineering, and thus the most natural fiber bonding. It is ________________ to swelling and delamination due to its wood veneer assemblies which are glued under extreme pressure. Answer ✔✔Plywood Resistent Wet particle board would normally be ________________________ and replaced. Answer ✔✔Removed Plastic Laminate Flooring is made of MDF and has a resin saturated appearance layer. Normally ___________________ in water restoration due to its construction and installation components. Answer ✔✔Removed Remove the vinyl (flooring) and discard it if the _____________________ is saturated and/or damaged; vinyl is a vapor barrier and the time required to dry underlayment will be dramatically reduced if the vinyl is removed. Answer ✔✔Subfloor
Partial floating of carpet can be a way to achieve drying of all surfaces simultaneously and allows _____________ dry air to have more contact with wet flooring. Answer ✔✔Warm During the drying process, all of the gypsum's original strength is restored. In fact, the dried gypsum will normally be slightly _________________ than before wetting. Answer ✔✔Stronger In structures where the surface of the wall is covered with a non-________________ surface as a vapor barrier, it may be necessary to remove base molding, drill holes and introduce air movement. Answer ✔✔Permeable Airflow in the wall cavity increases the rate of ____________________ and allows the wall to dry from both inside and out. Answer ✔✔Evaporation When ceilings are affected, drying procedures are similar to wall drying. If the ceiling is sagging or otherwise damaged, wet drywall is drained, ________________ and _________________. Answer ✔✔Removed Discarding Specific types of secondary damage associated with contents are typically:
______________________ ______________ of __________ / ____________ Answer ✔✔Swelling Staining Color Transfer Delamination of Surface/Finish Material Inspections are more consistent when the overall goals are kept in mind: a. Determine how wet items are: Monitor ____________ in most circumstances. Use the same ______________ in the same locations each day.
b. Subsurfaces below hardwood are dried to within _____-______ percentage points of the hardwood. c. After wood flooring has been dried to acceptable moisture content, appropriate ______________ time should be allowed before refinishing. Answer ✔✔ 2 - 4 2 - 4 Acclimation The best way to prevent odors and retard microbial growth in a wet structure is to ensure that all materials are dried ______________ and ______________________. Answer ✔✔Thoroughly, Rapidly When the presence of mold is suspected, it is important to communicate with all parties and use appropriate ______________________________ measures. Answer ✔✔Protective As with any contaminant, mold should be removed or contained before any air movers are placed in the structure. Blowing air can spread mold spores from the _______________________ area to the ____________________ rooms. Answer ✔✔Contaminated (Affected) Unaffected Dry rot (wood rot) can occur when wood is visibly dry yet wetter than ___________% moisture content. Answer ✔✔20% Restorers must use a third party (IEP) in situations that involve severe public health issues, _________ ___________ occupants living or working in the structure, or extensive _________________________ contamination that can affect worker or occupant health. Answer ✔✔High Risk Microbial
