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PROJECT REPORT
Of
WATER PURIFICATION & DISTRIBUTION
PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT
This particular pre-feasibility is regarding Water Purification & Distribution.
The objective of the pre-feasibility report is primarily to facilitate potential entrepreneurs in project identification for investment and in order to serve his objective; the document covers various aspects of the project concept development, start-up, marketing, finance and management.
[We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement. We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.]
WATER PURIFICATION & DISTRIBUTION UNIT
Water purification is the process of removing undesirable
chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and
gases from water. The goal is to produce water fit for specific
purposes. Most water is purified and disinfected for human
consumption (drinking water), but water purification may also
be carried out for a variety of other purposes, including medical,
pharmacological, chemical, and industrial applications. The
methods used include physical processes such
as filtration, sedimentation, and distillation; biological processes
such as slow sand filters or biologically active carbon; chemical
processes such as flocculation and chlorination; and the use of
electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light.
Water purification may reduce the concentration of particulate
including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae,
and fungi as well as reduce the concentration of a range of
dissolved and particulate matter.
The standards for drinking water quality are typically set by
governments or by international standards. These standards
usually include minimum and maximum concentrations of
contaminants, depending on the intended use of the water.
PH Adjustment
Pure water has a pH close to 7(neither alkaline nor acidic). Sea
water can have pH values that range from 7.5 to 8.
(moderately alkaline). Fresh water can have widely ranging pH
Process of water Purification
1. Aeration:
Raw water is first collected in large aeration tank and the
water is aerated by bubbling compressed air through
perforated pipes.
Aeration removes bad odors and CO2. It also removes
metal such as iron, manganese by precipitating then as
their respective hydroxides.
2. Storage or settling:
Aerated water is then placed in settling tank and stored for
10 - 14 days.
During storage about 90% of suspended solids settle down
within 24 hrs and the water becomes clear.
Certain heavier toxic chemicals also settle down during
storage.
Similarly pathogenic bacteria gradually die and bacterial
count decreases by 90% in first in first 5-7 days of storage.
During storage organic matter present in water is oxidized
by microorganisms. Similarly NH3 present is oxidized into
nitrate by microorganisms during storage.
3. Coagulation:
Water from storage tank is then placed in coagulation tank
and then some precipitating agents such as alum, lime etc
are added in water and mixed.
These precipitating agents form precipitate of Al(OH)
when dissolved in water.
Suspended solids absorbs on the surface of precipitate, so
gradually mass of precipitate becomes heavier and finally
settle down.
This technique is used to remove very light suspended
solids that do not settle by themselves during storage.
Furthermore, if negatively charged colloidal impurities are
present, they are neutralized by Al+++ ions and settle
down.
4. Filtration :
Partially clarified water is then passed through sand gravity
filter which removes 98-99% of microorganisms and other
impurities.
Sand gravity water filter:
Sand filter is a rectangular tank in which filter bed is
made up to 3 layers.
Top layer: fine layer of 1 meter thick
Middle layer: 0.3-0.5 meter thick layer of coarse sand
Bottom layer: 0.3-0.5 meter thick layer of gravel
There is a collection tank at the bottom of the filter bed to
collect filtered water. During filtration filter bed soon gets
covered with a slimy layer called vital layer.
Vital layer consists of thread like algae, diatoms and
bacteria.
Labour Requirement:
4 Manpower is required for the Water purification & distribution unit.
Includes:
3 daily Labour
1 Driver
Water Purification Unit License ®istration
For Proprietor:
Obtain the GST registration.
Additionally, take the Udyog Aadhar registration.
Choice of a Brand Name of the product and secure the name with
Trademark if required.
Implementation Schedule
S.N. Activity Time Required
(in Months)
1 Acquisition Of premises 1
2 Construction (if Applicable) 1 - 2 Months
3 Procurement & installation of Plant & Machinery 1
4 Arrangement of Finance 1
5 Requirement of required Manpower 1
Total time Required (some activities shall run
concurrently)
2 - 3 Months
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE REQUIRED
Term Loan of Rs. 12.48 Lacs and Working Capital limit of Rs. 2.50 Lacs
COST OF PROJECT PARTICULARS AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT 10.00% 90.00% Building Civil Work 3.50 0.35 3. Plant & Machinery 9.86 0.99 8. Furniture & Fixtures and Other Assets 0.50 0.05 0. Working capital 2.78 0.28 2. Total 16.64 1.6 6 14.
MEANS OF FINANCE PARTICULARS AMOUNT
Own Contribution 1. Bank Loan 12. Working capital Limit 2. Total 16.
Fee & tax cost per Liter on RO unit + Soochak
Year Capacity Per litre cost
Amount Utilisation (Rs. in lacs) 1st year 70% 0.087 0. 2nd year 75% 0.087 0. 3rd year 80% 0.087 0. 4th year 85% 0.087 0. 5th year 90% 0.087 0.
Fee & tax cost per liter on water ATM Year Capacity Per litre cost
Amount Utilisation (Rs. in lacs) 1st year 70% 0.067 0. 2nd year 75% 0.067 0. 3rd year 80% 0.067 0. 4th year 85% 0.067 0. 5th year 90% 0.067 0.
COMPUTATION OF SALE (Water , RO unit+ soochak)
Particulars 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year
Process 756,000 810,000 864,000 918,000 972,
Net Sale 756,000 810,000 864,000 918,000 972,
sale price per Liter 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.
Sales (in Lacs) 11.34 12.15 12.96 13.77 14.
COMPUTATION OF WATER ATM SALES
Particulars 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year
Process 189,000 202,500 216,000 229,500 243,
Net Sale 189,000 202,500 216,000 229,500 243,
sale price per Liter 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.
Sales (in Lacs) 1.89 2.03 2.16 2.30 2.
PROJECTED PROFITABILITY STATEMENT (in lacs)
PARTICULARS 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year Capacity Utilisation % 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% SALES
PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
PARTICULARS 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year Liabilities Capital opening balance 2.34 3.50 5.20 6. Add:- Own Capital 1. Add:- Retained Profit 3.18 3.91 4.70 5.21 5. Less:- Drawings 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.50 4. Closing Balance 2.34 3.50 5.20 6.91 8.
Term Loan 11.09 8.32 5.55 2.77 0. Working Capital Limit 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.
TOTAL : 15.93 14.32 13.24 12.19 11.
Assets Fixed Assets ( Gross) 13.86 13.86 13.86 13.86 13. Gross Dep. 1.88 3.50 4.89 6.09 7. Net Fixed Assets 11.98 10.37 8.97 7.77 6.
Current Assets Sundry Debtors 2.21 2.36 2.52 2.68 2.
Cash and Bank 1.74 1.59 1.75 1.73 1. TOTAL : 15.93 14.32 13.24 12.19 11.
COMPUTATION OF WORKING CAPITAL
Turnover Method (In Lacs)
(i) Projected Sales 13.
(ii) Working Capital Requirement 3. 25% of Projected Sales
(iii) Margin 0. 5% of Projected Sales
(iv) MPBF 2.
Working Capital Limit Required 2.
COMPUTATION OF DEPRECIATION
Description Building Plant & Machinery Furniture TOTAL Rate of Depreciation 10.00% 15.00% 10.00% Opening Balance - - - - Addition 3.50 9.86 0.50 13. Total 3.50 9.86 0.50 13. Less : Depreciation 0.35 1.48 0.05 1. WDV at end of Year 3.15 8.3 8 0.45 11. Additions During The Year - - - - Total 3.15 8.38 0.45 11. Less : Depreciation 0.32 1.26 0.05 1. WDV at end of Year 2.84 7.13 0.41 10. Additions During The Year - - - - Total 2.84 7.13 0.41 10. Less : Depreciation 0.28 1.07 0.04 1. WDV at end of Year 2.55 6.06 0.36 8. Additions During The Year - - - - Total 2.55 6.06 0.36 8. Less : Depreciation 0.26 0.91 0.04 1. WDV at end of Year 2.30 5.15 0.33 7. Additions During The Year - - - - Total 2.30 5.15 0.33 7. Less : Depreciation 0.23 0.77 0.03 1. WDV at end of Year 2.07 4.38 0.30 6. s - - - -
REPAYMENT SCHEDULE OF TERM LOAN
Interest 10.00%
Year Particulars Amount Addition Total Interest Repayment
Closing Balance
- RO Unit+ Soochak 11.34 12.15 12.96 13.77 14. Gross Sale
- ATM Water 1.89 2.03 2.16 2.30 2.
- Total 13.23 14.18 15.12 16.07 17.
- Raw Material Consumed 0.78 0.84 0.90 0.95 1. COST OF SALES
- Electricity Expenses 0.41 0.45 0.49 0.54 0.
- Depreciation 1.88 1.62 1.39 1.20 1.
- Consumables 0.23 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.
- Repair & maintenance 0.28 0.30 0.32 0.34 0.
- Labour 3.96 4.36 4.79 5.27 5.
- Water 0.26 0.28 0.30 0.32 0.
- other direct expenses 0.46 0.50 0.53 0. 56 0.
- Cost of Production 8.27 8.59 8.99 9.47 10.
- GROSS PROFIT 4.96 5.59 6.13 6.60 6.
- Interest on Term Loan 1.11 0.98 0.70 0.43 0.
- Interest on working Capital 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.
- Selling & Adm expenses 0.40 0.43 0.45 0.63 0.
- TOTAL 1.79 1.68 1.43 1.33 1.
- NET PROFIT 3.18 3.91 4.70 5.27 5.
- Taxation 0.06 0.
- PROFIT (After Tax) 3.18 3.91 4.70 5.21 5.
- 1st month - 12.48 12.48 - - 12. ist Opening Balance
- 2nd month 12.48 - 12.48 0.10 - 12.
- 3rd month 12.48 - 12.48 0.10 - 12.
- 4th month 12.48 - 12.48 0.10 12.
- 5th month 12.48 - 12.48 0.10 12.
- 6th month 12.48 - 12.48 0.10 12.
- 7th month 12.48 - 12.48 0.10 0.231 12.
- 8th month 12.25 - 12.25 0.10 0.231 12.
- 9th month 12.01 - 12.01 0.10 0.231 11.
- 10th month 11.78 - 11.78 0.10 0.231 11.
- 11th month 11.55 - 11.55 0.10 0.231 11.
- 12th month 11.32 - 11.32 0.09 0.231 11.
- 1.11 1.
- 1st month 11.09 - 11.09 0.09 0.231 10. 2nd Opening Balance
- 2nd month 10.86 - 10.86 0.09 0.231 10.
- 3rd month 10.63 - 10.63 0.09 0.231 10.
- 4th month 10.40 - 10.40 0.09 0.231 10.
- 5th month 10.17 - 10.17 0.08 0.231 9.
- 6th month 9.94 - 9.94 0.08 0.231 9.
- 7th month 9.70 - 9.70 0.08 0.231 9.
- 8th month 9.47 - 9.47 0.08 0.231 9.
- 9th month 9.24 - 9.24 0.08 0.231 9.
- 10th month 9.01 - 9.01 0.08 0.231 8.
- 11th month 8.78 - 8.78 0.07 0.231 8.
- 12th month 8.55 - 8.55 0.07 0.231 8.
- 0.98 2.
- 1st month 8.32 - 8.32 0.07 0.231 8. 3rd Opening Balance
- 2nd month 8.09 - 8.09 0.07 0.231 7.
- 3rd month 7.86 - 7.86 0.07 0.231 7.
- 4th month 7.62 - 7 .62 0.06 0.231 7.
- 5th month 7.39 - 7.39 0.06 0.231 7.
- 6th month 7.16 - 7.16 0.06 0.231 6.
- 7th month 6.93 - 6.93 0.06 0.231 6.
- 8th month 6.70 - 6.70 0.06 0.231 6.
- 9th month 6.47 - 6.47 0.05 0.231 6.
- 10th month 6.24 - 6.24 0.05 0.231 6.
- 11th month 6.01 - 6.01 0.05 0.231 5.
- 12th month 5.78 - 5.78 0.05 0.231 5.
- 0.70 2.
- 1st month 5.55 - 5.55 0.05 0.231 5. 4th Opening Balance
- 2nd month 5.31 - 5.31 0.04 0.231 5.
- 3rd month 5.08 - 5.08 0.04 0.231 4.
- 4th month 4.85 - 4.85 0.04 0.231 4.
- 5th month 4.62 - 4.62 0.04 0.231 4.
- 6th month 4.39 - 4.39 0.04 0.231 4.
- 7th month 4.16 - 4.16 0.03 0.231 3.
- 8th month 3.93 - 3.93 0.03 0.231 3.
- 9th month 3.70 - 3.70 0.03 0.231 3.
- 10th month 3.47 - 3.47 0.03 0.231 3.
- 11th month 3.23 - 3.23 0.03 0.231 3.
- 12th month 3.00 - 3.00 0.03 0.231 2.
- 0.43 2.
- 1st month 2.77 - 2.77 0.02 0.231 2. 5th Opening Balance
- 2nd month - 0.02 0.231 2.
