Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Very High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language, Lecture notes of Verilog and VHDL

VHDL, 2025, describe and model digital systems, including circuits, and FPGAs

Typology: Lecture notes

2024/2025

Uploaded on 05/28/2025

kimia-4
kimia-4 🇬🇧

1 document

1 / 164

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
9
Moores Law
What happened from 1970 to 2004?
Transistor count doubles every 24-month
Some say every 18-month
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28
pf29
pf2a
pf2b
pf2c
pf2d
pf2e
pf2f
pf30
pf31
pf32
pf33
pf34
pf35
pf36
pf37
pf38
pf39
pf3a
pf3b
pf3c
pf3d
pf3e
pf3f
pf40
pf41
pf42
pf43
pf44
pf45
pf46
pf47
pf48
pf49
pf4a
pf4b
pf4c
pf4d
pf4e
pf4f
pf50
pf51
pf52
pf53
pf54
pf55
pf56
pf57
pf58
pf59
pf5a
pf5b
pf5c
pf5d
pf5e
pf5f
pf60
pf61
pf62
pf63
pf64

Partial preview of the text

Download Very High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language and more Lecture notes Verilog and VHDL in PDF only on Docsity!

Moore’s Law

What happened from 1970 to 2004?

  • Transistor count doubles every 24-month
    • Some say every 18-month

Moore’s Law (cont.)

Who’s Moore?

  • Gordon Moore a co-founder of Intel Corp.

Corollaries of Moore’s Law

  • Performance of computers doubles every two-year
    • Per unit cost
  • Power consumption doubles every 18 months
    • Per unit area
  • Hard disk capacity doubles every 24 months
  • RAM storage capacity doubles every 24 months
  • Capital cost of a semiconductor fab doubles every 24 months

More on Moore’s Law on Wiki

Moore’s Law (cont.)

End of Moore’s Law?

Moore’s Law (cont.)

End of Moore’s Law?

  • Transistor physical dimensions
    • Gate oxide thickness
  • Power wall
    • Amount of power consumed per inch square

What is Reconfigurable Computing?

  • RC Definition
    • Study of architectures that can adapt (after

fabrication) to a specific application or

application domain

  • Involves architecture, design strategies, CAD

tools, languages, algorithms

  • Alternate Definition
    • A way of implementing circuits without

fabricating a device

What is Reconfigurable Computing? (cont.)

  • Essentially allows circuits to be implemented as “software” - SW  ISA - RC Circuit ?
  • SW: sequence of instructions
  • RC Circuit: pattern of RC resources
    • Configured using bitstream
  • Circuits no longer same thing as hardware
    • RC devices programmable by downloading bits -

just like software

Why is RC important?

• Tremendous Performance Advantages

  • In some cases, 100x faster than uProc
  • Similar performances as large cluster
    • But smaller, lower power, cheaper, etc.

Why is RC important? (cont.)

• Example:

  • Software executes sequentially
  • RC executes all multiplications in parallel
    • Additions become tree of adders
  • Even with slower clock, RC is likely much faster
  • Performance difference even greater for larger

input sizes

  • SW time increases linearly - O(n)
  • RC time is basically O(log 2 (n))
    • If enough area is available for (i= 0 ; i < 16 ; i++) y += c[i] * x[i]

Moore’s Law

2010: >1 BILLION transistors!!!! 1993: 1 Million transistors Extremely difficult to design 1BT ➔ ASICs are expensive!

Moore’s Law

2010: >1 BILLION transistors!!!!

  • Solution:
    • Make billions of transistors into an RC fabric
    • Fabricate 1 big chip and use it for many things 1993 : 1 Million transistors Make this RC

When to Use RC? (I)

  • When it provides cheapest solution
    • Depends on:
      • NRE (Non-Recurring Engineering) cost
        • Cost involved with designing system
      • Unit cost
        • Cost of a manufacturing single device
      • Volume: # of units
  • Total cost = NRE + unit cost * volume

When to Use RC? (I)

  • uP NRE
    • SW & SW test development
  • ASIC NRE
    • Standard cell design
    • Design layout
    • Mask production
    • Test development
  • RC NRE
    • HDL & HDL test development
  • Unit cost
    • Die cost, yield, testing (?), and packaging

When to Use RC? (I)

  • When it provides cheapest solution
    • How about microprocessors?
      • Often provide cheapest solution
        • But not always
      • Often cannot meet performance constraint

Design Process

  • 28

• Design Space Exploration

  1. Determine architectures that meet requirements
  • Performance, power, etc.
  • Requires performance analysis/estimation, …
  1. Estimate volume of device
  2. Determine cheapest solution

• Best Architecture for an Application?

  • Cheapest one that meets all design constraints