Utilitarianism A Study on Jeremy Bentham
Utilitarianism is a moral and ethical philosophy of political theory. Although traces can be
found even in ancient Greek philosophy, it was widely disseminated through the
contributions of Jeremy Bentham and JSMill. This concept played an important role in the
first half of the 19th century. Utilitarianism is a theory based primarily on the principle of
greatest happiness for greatest chi. Utilitarianism has become a fundamental principle for
most countries in their political, economic and social activities today. Although Bentham and
JSMill are strong proponents of the utility concept, there are some differences between
their approaches.
Bentham eloquently said that human life always lies between two different masters such as
pain and pleasure. Furthermore, Bentham claims that pain and pleasure can be measured
using an arithmetic method and that there is likely to be a numerical difference between
pain and pleasure. J.S.Mill was a strong believer in utilitarianism and individualism. Mill in
his explanation, he groped between utilitarianism and individualism on a modern basis. Mill
explains that the difference between pain and pleasure can be measured with qualitative
measures.
Introduction
Utilitarianism is an English philosophy. It is a theory of morality. It is a tradition of moral
philosophy. It advocates actions that promote happiness or joy and opposes actions that
cause unhappiness or harm, when directed toward making social, economic or political
decisions. A pragmatic philosophy will aim for the betterment of society as a whole. She will
say that an action is right if it brings happiness to the most people in a society or a group.
Pragmatism considers the interests of all to be equal. Although utilitarianism is one of the
most powerful and compelling approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy.
But this concept was not articulated until the 19th century.
Origin
The ancient Greek philosophers and hedonists[1], Aristippus[2] and Epicurus[3]
viewed happiness as the only good thing for human well-being.
This idea later became a principle/doctrine and the Scottish philosopher David
Hume became the founder of utilitarianism. The English philosopher Joseph
Priestley was an avid advocate of utilitarianism.
The Scottish philosopher Francis Hutchison (in his book The System of Moral
Philosophy) was the first to use the formula 'greatest happiness of the greatest
number'.
In addition, Cumberland, Shaftesbury, John Gay and others also supported the
concept of utilitarianism.
British philosopher Jeremy Bentham systematically explained utilitarianism. He
made it one of the most popular. It later became known as Bentham's School. So all
