History and Principles of Participatory Development in NGOs: A Focus on South Asia, Slides of Human Development

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Understanding Development NGOs

History of Social Development

 Pre-partition of the sub-continent, Mr. FL Brane initiated “DEHAT SODHAR” program in India.

 After the independence, “Village Agriculture & Industrial Development Program was introduced in Pakistan in 1953.

 By late 60s Comilla project of rural development in Bangladesh (The East Pakistan) was the first initiative of decentralization strategy.

 In 1970 the Govt. of that time started two integrated rural development project Daudzai of NWFP and Shadab of Punjab Daudzai was on the lines of Comilla approach.

 Integrated Rural Development Program (1972 –1978)

 Rural Development Program (1978-88)

 In 1981, the concept of formal formers organizational was introduced in the irrigated agriculture through a piece of legislation known as the water users Association. Ordinance 1981, in all the form provinces which relieved funds for renovation of water covers from the provincial Government and the maintenance was carried out by the WUA.

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NGDOs

(Models of Participatory Development)

Participation

 Participation is defined as a voluntary process by which

people including the dis-advantaged, influence or

control the decisions that affect them. There is no ideal

level of participation. It varies from time to time and

based on interest and needs. Information sharing

decision making, consultation and self initiated actions are the different levels of participation.

 From Situational Analysis to the Solution and evaluation

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Why participation

There are four major objectives to which people participation

contributes

Effectiveness:

It is the degree between what people want and a project can

offer. Stakeholder ownership and control of the project

ensure effectiveness of project.

Economy:

Most of the activities or either un-economical or impossible for an implementing agency with out peoples participation

such as maintenance of development activities.

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Principals of Participatory Development

 The Primacy of People

 Ownership

 Peoples knowledge and skills must be seen as potentially positive contribution

 People participation must empower women

 Autonomy as oppose to control

 Local actions as oppose to local response

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Outcomes of Participatory Development

 Reduced cost and increased efficiency  Economies of scale  Higher Productivity  Building of Community Organizations  Sustainability

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