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TOMPSC SCCJA CUMULATIVE EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2024 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
1st Amendment - โโ Amendment that dealt with freedom of speech 4th Amendment - โโ Search and seizure 5th Amendment - โโ The Right to Remain Silent/Double Jeopardy 6th Amendment - โโ Right to a speedy and public trial 14th Amendment - โโ Due Process Executive, Legislative, Judicial - โโ Three Branches Executive Branch - โโ Enforces laws Legislative Branch - โโ Makes laws Judicial Branch - โโ Interprets the laws Supreme Court - โโ Article III of Constitution. Court of last resort. Judicial review. President nominates all justices, including position of Chief Justice, and they must be confirmed by a majority of the senate. 9 justices. Receive and dispose of approximately 5,000 cases a year, and grant certiorari to about 150 cases. Term begins the first Monday of October and ends in late June or early July. Due Process - โโ No law will be unreasonable, arbitrary, or capricious and the means selected to enforce that law shall have reasonable and substantial relation to the object being sought to be achieved by that law or process Fighting words - โโ Words that by their very utterance inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of peace Intoxication, threats, physical interference - โโ Forms of speech that are not protected Texas v. Johnson - โโ A 1989 case in which the Supreme Court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment. Trial Running - โโ Lost individuals will hastily travel the nearest trail or travel aid
Despondent - โโ Persons who are severely depressed individuals or persons contemplating suicide View Enhancement - โโ Type of strategy occurs when the lost person climbs a hill or tree in order to improve or enhance their view of the area 16 - โโ SC code of laws pertaining to weapons Any person under the age of 18 - โโ Definition of a child Jeb v. Alabama - โโ Case that established the equal protection clause 63 - โโ SC Code pertaining to child abuse and juveniles 1996 - โโ When was Megans Law passed? 94 - โโ How many federal district courts are there? 13 - โโ How many circuit courts of appeals are there? Common pleas and general sessions - โโ Two branches of a circuit court? Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire - โโ Court case that established fighting words Acute, Outward Adjustment, Resolution - โโ 3 phases of rape trauma syndrome 90% of population is right handed, majority don't use holsters - โโ Characteristics of an armed gunman Protrusions, Printing, Weighted hemline, Straps/slings, commercial concealment gear - โโ 5 things you should look for on suspects carrying a weapon Tapping, Grasping, Pressing - โโ What are three security checks officers to look for with a gunman? Failure to make shelter/fire, discarding equipment, disrobing, failure to respond to searches, failure to respond to searches, failure to use travel aids - โโ Abnormal behaviors in lost individuals The Jury is sworn in - โโ Double jeopardy attaches to a jury trial when? 1st witness is sworn in - โโ Double jeopardy attaches to a bench trial when?
Positive, Negative, Cognitive - โโ What are the three symptom categories of schizophrenia? 44 - โโ SC code of laws that handles mental illness Mental Illness - โโ Condition that impacts and disrupts a persons thinking, feeling, and mood, and may affect their ability to relate to others and daily functioning Schizophrenia - โโ A severe, debilitating, lifelong brain disorder that affects a persons ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions and relate to others Genralized Anxiety Disorder - โโ Chronic worry about everyday life and things that there is little or no reason to worry about Degenerative brain disorder - โโ Alzheimer's disease is a: Dementia - โโ Illness defined as an overall decline in intellectual function, including difficulties with language, simple calculations, planning and judgement, and motor skills as well as loss of memory Shock, Disbelief, Anxiety, Guilt, Anger, Fear - โโ What are the 6 emotional stages of sexual assault Physical evidence, Victims body, Suspects body - โโ Locations for finding evidence 23 - โโ What is the SC DNA section DV HAN - โโ This is a felony, deals with extreme indifference to human life and it goes to general sessions court DV 1st - โโ This is a felony, deals with great bodily injury, and it goes to general sessions court DV 2nd - โโ This is a misdemeanor and deals with moderate bodily injury and goes to general sessions court DV 3rd - โโ This is a misdemeanor, is your basic DV elements and goes to summary court State V. Wood - โโ What court case dealt with self defense Nature of call, Injuries, Number of people on scene, Weapons, Call history, Back up unit availability - โโ Information you should know prior to arriving on scene to a DV Avoid parking in front, Turn off lights, Wait for back up, Activate cameras - โโ What should you do when approaching a patrol car to DV
Check safety, Ask to enter, Be professional but firm, Be careful not to reveal too much, Dont reveal caller ID - โโ What do you do when entering a residence of a DV scene Rapport building, Interviewing victim/ taking statements, follow up - โโ What are 3 ways to interact with victims Physical, Cognitive, Behavior, Emotional - โโ 4 ways victims respond to trauma SCVAN - โโ What resource assists victims of crimes through referrals and grant funded direct services DCVC - โโ What organization can compensate victims for medical bills, counseling, and loss of wages SCCADVASA - โโ Coalition of domestic shelters and rape crisis centers from across the state Kent v US - โโ Court case that dealt with transfer of jurisdiction In ReGault - โโ Court case that dealt with awarding due process to children In ReWinship - โโ Court case that set the standard of proof for proceedings in family court Civil Court - โโ What type of court is family court McKelver v Pennsylvania - โโ Trial by jury is not constitutionally required Jackson v Denno Hearing - โโ Hearing that evaluates "totality of circumstances" State v Parker - โโ Court case that determined validity of a minors waiver of their Miranda rights Fear, Isolation children, Economic dependence, Lack of alternative housing, Loss of custody, Lack of job skills, Cultural and religious restraints, Low self esteem, love/hope, Fear of change, Belief that batterer will change - โโ Factors that impact a victims decision not to leave 40% - โโ Percentage of police families that experience DV 30 - 60% - โโ Percentage of offenders who batter their spouses also batter their children Victimless prosecution prep, Trial prep, Case dismissals, Testimony - โโ Preparing for a DV trial includes:
24 hours - โโ An emergency hearing for a temporary restraining order takes place in what time period Circuit and Family court - โโ Who has primary jurisdiction of a permanent restraining order A period of time set by a judge - โโ How long does a permanent restraining order remain in effect 45 days - โโ If a complaint does not seek a permanent restraining order, how long does the emergency order remain in effect Family court - โโ What court has primary jurisdiction of order of protection State v Abdullah - โโ 4th Amendment does not bar LE from making warrant-less entries and searches when they REASONABLY BELIEVE (REASONABLE ARTICULATE SUSPICION)that a person within is in need of immediate aid Tension building, Acute battery, Honeymoon - โโ 3 phases of the cycle of violence theory Obergefell v. Hodges - โโ Court case allowed for same sex relationships to be covered in DV law Jane Doe v. State of SC - โโ Court case allowed same sex rights to order of protection 6 months- 1 year - โโ Order of protection is for what fixed amount of time Gang File VGTOF - โโ Database is operated by NCIC that aids police in identifying members of violent gangs Hybrid - โโ Type of gang active over a short time frame Non- traditional gangs - โโ Type of gang is the first seen in community and makes up 40 - 90% of local crime Stalking - โโ Crime that would cause a reasonable person to have fear In SC - โโ Restraining orders from SC are only valid where Criminal gang - โโ A formal or informal ongoing organization, association, or group that consists of 5 or more persons who from the purpose of committing criminal activity and who knowingly and actively participate in a pattern of criminal group Hardcore, member, associate/peripheral - โโ Structure of a gang
Forced moves, crime, entertainment industry, technology - โโ Reasons for spread of criminal gangs Written/verbal, codes, graffiti, hand signs, colors, music - โโ What are the 6 ways gangs communicate Courted/blessed in, jumped in/beat in, sexed in, crime, trial by ordeal - โโ What are the different rights of passage into a gang 40 Thieves - โโ First modern day gang, developed first kind of dress code, and associated with one area of New York, Irish Immigrants Objective - โโ Deals with verifiable facts Subjective - โโ Deals with observations that are made Human Trafficking - โโ The illegal trade of human beings, a modern-day form of slavery, for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, or involuntary military combat T Visa - โโ Specifically for trafficking victims U Visa - โโ For all victims of violent crimes Trust and Control - โโ Traumatic victimization destroys what Rapid deployment - โโ Swift and immediate deployment of law enforcement to an ongoing, life threatening situation Time line of violence - โโ Period of time from the suspects first violent action until the action is stopped or the suspect transitions to another activity Fantasy, Planning, Preparation, Approach, and Implementation - โโ 5 stages of an active shooter Parents, Media, General Public, and other First responders - โโ What are some outer parameter issues and concerns Be aggressive, Be prepared to be fired upon, Be prepared to encounter casualties, Be flexible - โโ Four things included in survival mindset Indicator Based Movement - โโ What type of movement is used when the officer doesn't know the general location of the shooter Stimulus Based Movement - โโ What type of movement is used when the officer does know the general area of the suspect
Verbal, Written, Taped - โโ Methods of taking statements Omnibus Adult Protection Act (43- 35 - 10) - โโ Title 43 Caregiver Stress, Perpetrator Characteristics, Generation Violence, Self Abuse/Neglect - โโ 4 dynamics of vulnerable adult victimization Intergenerational Violence - โโ Violence that occurs within ones own generation Transgenerational Violence - โโ Violence that occurs across multiple generations SLED Vulnerable Adult Unit - โโ Agency you contact for abuse occurring in facilities operated or contracted by the department of mental health Long Term Care Ombudsman - โโ Agency you contact for abuse occurring in facilities not connected to the department of mental health Adult Protective Services of DSS - โโ Agency you contact for abuse at all other locations 72 - โโ Family court should hold a hearing to determine whether there is a probable cause for protective custody within how many hours 24 - โโ A person is required to report VA abuse must report within how many hours Tennessee V Garner - โโ Fleeing felon doctrine Sniper Assault - โโ Suspect assaults from a distance using cover or concealment 44 - โโ SC code of laws for drug enforcement DEA - โโ Drugs of abuse are available on this agencys website Depressant - โโ Alcohol is what type of drug Narcotic - โโ Refers to opium, opium derivatives and their semi synthetic substitutes Opium - โโ True narcotic, milky fluid Oxycodone - โโ True narcotic abused orally sold in milligram controlled release tablets Herion - โโ True narcotic varies in color from white to black Fentanyl - โโ True narcotic, synthetic opioid stronger than morphine, 2mg can be lethal
Benzodiazepines - โโ Depressant used therapeutically Schedule 1 - โโ Drugs with no accepted medical use Stimulants - โโ Produce a sense of exhilaration LSD - โโ Most potent hallucinogenic drug Grid Search - โโ A parallel search is performed followed by another parallel search 90 degrees laterally so that a grid pattern is formed over the area Pattern Injuries - โโ Tells a story and can often indicate the type of weapon used Primary Crime Scene - โโ Site of original activity, typically but not always more evidence is yielded Enviroment, Scene, Victim, Suspect - โโ Sources of evidence Organized Crime Scene - โโ Reflects a methodical, well organized suspect Disorganized Crime Scene - โโ Reflects an opportunist Secondary - โโ Any subsequant scenes Collected, Protected, Submitted - โโ Physical evidence is only useful if it is properly: Theory of Transfer (Locard's Exchange Principle) - โโ States that no one can enter a location without bringing something into the area or leaving something behind General Photos - โโ Overall photos of outside and inside Close Up Photos - โโ Photos of all evidence Triangulation Plotting Method - โโ Most common type of plotting method used; can be employed anywhere Explosives - โโ Class 1 Gases - โโ Class 2 Flammable Liquids - โโ Class 3
Affords better contact with driver, affords ability to control violator if needed - โโ Drivers side approach advantages: Officer could be hit, causes officer to be in the line of sight, possible assaults by driver, scan backseat then front - โโ Drives side approach disadvantages: Safest way, keeps officers out of line of sight, greater range of disability, affords officer to be away of "dirty side", gives element of surprise, many options for cover, observe at least 50% of body - โโ Passenger side approach advantages: Officer may be blocked, may have to share cover, may resist change, will not facilitate adequate control - โโ Passenger side disadvantages: Condition Yellow - โโ A persons basic alertness and readiness is increased Condition Red - โโ Complex motor skills, visual, and cognitive reaction times are at their peak Condition White - โโ Low level of arousal Condition Gray - โโ Complex motor skills may begin to break down Condition Black - โโ Cognitive processing deteriorates and vasoconstriction occurs Silly Thoughts - โโ Intrusive thoughts stem from critical incidents but appear to most people as unimportant Trip Event - โโ Situations relevant to the driver and the vehicle that arise after the trip has started Pre Scene Events - โโ Leads up to the point of possible perception On Scene Event - โโ Events that begin at the possible point of perception and continue through impact Action Point - โโ Place where a person puts into action their decisions Keep Collision From Getting Worse - โโ Primary responsibility of investigator at scene Approach to contact, Control upon touch, speed in application - โโ What are some tactical considerations (When handcuffing) Evasive Action - โโ Action or combination of actions taken to avoid a collision or other hazardous situations
Triangulation - โโ Wide approach that should be used on high risk traffic stops Possible Weapon of Opportunity - โโ If a suspect is out of a car, never allow them back in because: In Line Position - โโ Achieved when a patrol vehicle is stopped directly behind violators Skid Mark - โโ A mark left by a tire on a locked wheel sliding over a roadway or other services Yaw Marks - โโ Scuff marks caused by steering when tires are rotating and sliding Metal Scars - โโ Scratches and grooves and gouges that occur when the undercarriage and other hard parts of the vehicle come in contact with road Self, LE work, CJ System/Public, LE Organization - โโ Primary source for LE stress Assess, Create, Take Action, Evaluate - โโ Four step process to conquer any goal: Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion - โโ Selyes general adaption syndrome phases (G.A.S) Speed, Accuracy, Consistency, Concentration, Correct Fundamentals - โโ Progression of learning pyramid Illumination - โโ Contact officer will aim spotlight where they anticipate the suspect to exit and where the officer has best field of view Distance During Traffic Stop - โโ Obtained by peripherally observing the rear tires of the violators vehicle as they rest on the pavement Ask, Intervene, Don't, Locate, Inform, Find, Exepedite - โโ AIDLIFE: Bias Based Policing - โโ Unacceptable and prohibited method for recognizing a suspicious vehicle High Risk Felony Stop - โโ Traffic stop where dangers and risks to an officer are present Cracked doors, Rolled down windows, Tinted windows, Suspicious Activity - โโ Warning signs during a traffic stop Point of No Return - โโ Half way between squad car and violators car Uncontrolled Final Rest - โโ When a vehicle reaches final rest solely as a result of forces exerted during collision
Dashboard, Steering Wheel, Back of Headrest, Vehicle Roof - โโ When writing a summons, keep all passengers hands visible by: Controlled final rest - โโ When a vehicle comes to rest at a location and then is somehow moved to another location by human intervention Curves, Hills, Places with Large Crowds - โโ Places to avoid for a traffic stop: Maryland v. Wilson - โโ Police may order passengers out of vehicles they stop for officer safety Pennsylvania v Mimms - โโ Police may order driver out of vehicle during lawful traffic stop Primary Contact - โโ First contact between two collision vehicles Secondary Contact - โโ When a vehicle discharges from primary contact, rotates strikes opposing vehicle a second time Post Secondary Contact - โโ When vehicle disengages and strikes a third time Flat Tire, Wheel Detaches, Brake Fluid in Road - โโ Proceeding and contributing factors include (collision) Worn/slick tires, Broken Headlight, Inoperative Brakes - โโ Proceeding but not contributing factors Offset Skidmarks - โโ Skid marks caused when an outside force causes a change in the skid direction of a sliding vehicle Tires, Brakes, Suspension/Steering, Driver Vision - โโ Common vehicle defects in collisions Color, Year, Make, Body, Anything else, License, Serial Number - โโ CYMBALS: Graham V Connor - โโ Determined reasonableness of a particular use of force
