Non-Cognitive Predictors of Student Success:
A Predictive Validity Comparison Between Domestic and International Students
Effectively applying the concepts of the
Health Belief Model to treatment has
the potential to help individuals with a
TBI to reach optimal quality of life by
facilitating positive behavior change
and reducing loneliness.
Non-Cognitive Predictors of Student Success:
A Predictive Validity Comparison Between Domestic and International Students
Overview of the Contemporary Issue
•2.8 million people sustain a traumatic
brain injury (TBI) each year
•May experience physical, cognitive,
emotional, and behavioral changes.
•Result in difficulty sustaining current
social relationships and creating new
social relationships.
The Health Belief Model (HBM)
•Focuses on an individual taking action by
predicting and changing a health behavior.
•Six key components
•Perceived susceptibility
•Perceived severity
•Perceived benefits
•Perceived barriers
•Cues to action
•Self-efficacy
Linking the HBM Model to Loneliness
•An individual who is experiencing
loneliness after sustaining a TBI is at risk
of experiencing a rippling effect in health
decline
•The key concepts of the HBM can be
linked to loneliness in individuals who
sustained a TBI to promote positive
behavior changes.
•Refer to figure 1.2. If the client believes
the susceptibility and consequences are
high, they are more likely to take action to
participate in more social behaviors to
improve their QOL and stay active.
Implications for RT practice
•An individual may be lacking some of the
tools needed to facilitate positive behavior
changes.
•A recreational therapist can provide the
client with strategies and resources to
reduce loneliness and overcome the
perceived barriers when following the
HBM in future practices.
The Application of the Health
Belief Model to Loneliness in
Individuals Who Sustained a
Traumatic Brain Injury
Shayna Wilson, CTRS, +1 Student
Concepts in the HBM
Tak e a p ictu r e to
download the poster
References:
Douglas, J. M. (2013). Conceptualizing self and
maintaining social connection following
severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 27(1), 60–
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Janz, N. K., Champion, V. L., & Strecher, V. J.
(2002). The Health Belief Model. In K. Glanz, B. K.
Rimer, F. M. & Lewis (Eds.), Health behavior and health
education: Theory,
research, and practice (3rd ed.) (pp. 45–66). San
Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
LoveYourBrain. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10,
2019, from http://www.loveyourbrain.com/
Porter, H. R. (2015). Recreational therapy for
specific diagnoses and conditions. Enumclaw, WA: Idyll
Arbor.
Porter, H. R. (2016). Recreational therapy
basics, techniques, and interventions. Enumclaw, WA:
Idyll Arbor.
Salas, C. E., Casassus, M., Rowlands, L., Pimm,
S., & Flanagan, D. A. J. (2018). “Relating
through sameness”: A qualitative study of friendship
and social isolation in chronic traumatic brain injury.
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Stumbo, N. J. & Pegg, S. (2011). Health
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ts.html
Perceived
Susceptibility
Amount to which the client
believes his current level of
engagement puts him at high
risk for loneliness
Perceived Severity
How severe he thinks the
consequences of being lonely
will be, how much they will
impact his quality of life
Perceived Benefits
Belief that having more friends
will increase his quality of life
and help him stay active
Perceived Barriers
Belief that he is self
-conscious
due to his word finding
abilities. Also has difficulty
finding ways to make new
friends
Cues to Action
Reminders
Self
-Efficacy
Ability to achieve with the right
resources
Figure 1.2: Model Concept Examples
