Web Servers: Hardware, Software, and Architecture, Slides of Internet and Information Access

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Web Server Hardware and Software

UNIT - III

Objectives

In this chapter, you will learn about:

• Web server basics

• Software for Web servers

• E-mail management and spam control issues

• Internet and Web site utility programs

• Web server hardware

Types of Web Sites

• Development sites

• (^) Used to evaluate different Web designs

• Intranets

• (^) Corporate networks that house internal memos, corporate policy handbooks, and a variety of other corporate documents

• Extranets

• (^) Intranets that allow authorized parties outside the company to access information stored in the system

Types of Web Sites (continued)

• Transaction-processing sites

• (^) Commerce sites that must be available 24 hours a day, seven days a week

• Content-delivery sites

• (^) Deliver content such as news, histories, summaries, and other digital information

Dynamic Content

• Dynamic content is nonstatic information

constructed in response to a Web client’s

request

• Dynamic page

• (^) Web page whose content is shaped by a program in response to user requests

• Static page

• (^) An unchanging page retrieved from disk

Various Meanings of “Server”

• Server

• (^) Computer used to provide files or make programs available to other computers

• Server software

• (^) Used by a server computer to make files and programs available to other computers

• Database server

• (^) Server computer on which database management software runs

Two-Tier Client/Server

Architecture

• Two-tier client/server architecture has only

one client and one server

• Request message

• (^) Message that a Web client sends to request a file or files from a Web server

• Typical request message contains:

• (^) Request line
• (^) Optional request headers
• (^) Optional entity body

Two-Tier Client/Server

Architecture (continued)

• Request line

• (^) Contains a command, the name of the target resource, and the protocol name and version number

• Request headers

• Can contain information about types of files that the client will accept in response to a request

• Entity body

• (^) Used to pass bulk information to the server

Three-Tier and N-Tier

Client/Server Architectures

• Three-tier architecture

• (^) Extends two-tier architecture to allow additional processing

• N-tier architectures

• (^) Higher-order architectures
• (^) Third tier includes software applications that supply information to the Web server

Software for Web Servers

• Operating system tasks include running

programs and allocating computer resources

• Linux

• (^) Open-source operating system that is easy to install, fast, and efficient

• Open-source software

• (^) Developed by a community of programmers who make it available for download at no cost

Web Server Software

• The most popular Web server programs are:

• (^) Apache HTTP Server
• (^) Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS)
• (^) Sun Java System Web Server (JSWS)

• Netcraft

• (^) A networking consulting company in Bath, England
• (^) Accumulates popularity rankings

Microsoft Internet Information

Server

• Comes bundled with current versions of

Microsoft Windows Server operating systems

• Used on many corporate intranets

• Supports the use of:

– ASP

• (^) ActiveX Data Objects
• (^) SQL database queries

Sun Java System Web Server

(Sun ONE, iPlanet, Netscape)

• Descendant of the original NCSA Web server

program

• Formerly sold under the names:

• (^) Sun ONE
• (^) Netscape Enterprise Server
• (^) iPlanet Enterprise Server

• Charges between $1400 and $5000 for the

licensing fee