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English for Arts and Social Sciences

Semester II

Tamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education(TANSCHE)

Syllabus

Second Semester Professional Communication Course for Arts and Science

Colleges

Hours: 60

Objectives:

The Professional Communication Skills Course is intended to help Learners in Arts

and Science colleges,

• Develop their competence in the use of English with particular reference to

the workplace situation.

• Enhance the creativity of the students, which will enable them to think of

innovative ways to solve issues in the workplace.

• Develop their competence and competitiveness and thereby improve their

employability skills.

• Help students with a research bent of mind develop their skills in writing

reports and research proposals.

Unit 1- Communicative Competence

Listening – Listening to two talks/lectures by specialists on selected subject

specific topics - (TED Talks) and answering comprehension exercises (inferential

questions)

Speaking: Small group discussions (the discussions could be based on the listening

and reading passages- open ended questions

Reading: Two subject-based reading texts followed by comprehension

activities/exercises

Writing: Summary writing based on the reading passages.

Grammar and vocabulary exercises/tasks to be designed based on the

discourse patterns of the listening and reading texts in the book. This is

applicable for all the units.

Unit 2 - Persuasive Communication

Listening: listening to a product launch- sensitizing learners to the nuances of

persuasive communication

Punctuation(period, question mark, exclamation point, comma, semicolon, colon, dash, hyphen,

parentheses, brackets, braces, apostrophe, quotation marks, and ellipsis)

Capitalization (use of upper case)

Outcomes of the Course

At the end of the course, learners will be able to,

• Attend interviews with boldness and confidence.
  • Adapt easily into the workplace context, having become communicatively

competent.

• Apply to the Research &Development organisations/ sections in companies

and offices with winning proposals.

Contents

Units Page No.

Unit 1 08

Unit 2 34

Unit 3 66

Unit 4 95

Unit 5 113

DISCLAIMER

Some of the passages given for Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing lend themselves to the teaching of Grammar items. However, testing and evaluation does not include Grammar. This material is not for publication: it is only for training purposes.

Unit I

Communicative Competence

Listening : Listening to two talks/lectures by specialists on selected subject

specific topics - (TED Talks) and answering comprehension

exercises (inferential questions)

Speaking : Small group discussions (the discussions could be based on the

listening and reading passages- open ended questions

Reading : Two subject-based reading texts followed by comprehension

activities/exercises

Writing: Summary writing based on the reading passages.

Pre-Listening Exercise Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B Column A Column B

1. Psychology the study of societies and social behaviour
2. Economics the study of the past based on objects or parts of buildings found in the ground
3. Political Science reflection of life in various forms of writing like short story, novel, poetry etc
4. Sociology the branch of study dealing with the state and systems of government
5. Archaeology the branch of study concerned with the production, distribution and consumption of things
6. Literature the study of the mind and behavior

Listening

A. Listen to the speech by Martin Luther King Jr on Emancipation of

Negroes.

Transcript of the Listening passage

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. Five score years ago, a great American*,in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the emancipation proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundredyears later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed. “We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississipi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today, that one day, down in Alabama with its vicious racists, with its Governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition” and “nullification”. One day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today that one day every valley shall be exalted and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough

d. Martin Luther King did not dream that one day the sons of slaves and slave owners will be able to sit together at the table of brotherhood. e. Abraham Lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation in 1863.

2. Fill in the table based on your understanding of Martin Luther King’s speech Martin Luther King commended Abaham Lincoln’s emancipation proclamation because Martin Luther King’s dream with regard to the state of Mississipi is Even a century after Abraham Lincoln’s emancipation proclamation, the blacks continued to be According to Martin Luther King, the life of the Negroes is crippled by 3. Explore the evolution of thought in Martin Luther King’s speech and the succession of dreams with regard to various states of America given below a. red hills of Georgia b. the state of Mississipi c. the state of Alabama d. transformation of the jangling discords of the nation into e. after freedom, all of God’s children 4. I. Find out the synonyms for the following words a. emancipation b. seared c. sweltering d. nullification e. jangling II. Give the antonyms for the words given below. a. rebellious b. slavery c. prodigious d. poverty e. justice

B.Listening Excerise

Dan Gilbert’s Speech on The psychology of your future self

(Transcript)

At every stage of our lives we make decisions that will profoundly influence the

lives of the people we're going to become, and then when we become those people, we're

not always thrilled with the decisions we made. So young people pay good money to get

tattoos removed that teenagers paid good money to get. Middle-aged people rushed to

divorce people who young adults rushed to marry. Older adults work hard to lose what

middle-aged adults worked hard to gain. On and on and on. The question is, as a

psychologist, that fascinates me is, why do we make decisions that our future selves so

often regret?

Now, I think one of the reasons -- I'll try to convince you today — is that we have

a fundamental misconception about the power of time. Every one of you knows that the

rate of change slows over the human lifespan, that your children seem to change by the

minute but your parents seem to change by the year. But what is the name of this magical

point in life where change suddenly goes from a gallop to a crawl? Is it teenage years? Is

it middle age? Is it old age? The answer, it turns out, for most people, is now, wherever

now happens to be. What I want to convince you today is that all of us are walking

around with an illusion, an illusion that history, our personal history, has just come to an

end, that we have just recently become the people that we were always meant to be and

will be for the rest of our lives.

Let me give you some data to back up that claim. So here's a study of change in

people's personal values over time. Here are three values. Everybody here holds all of

them, but you probably know that as you grow, as you age, the balance of these values

shifts. So how does it do so? Well, we asked thousands of people. We asked half of them

to predict for us how much their value would change in the next 10 years, and the others

to tell us how much their value had changed in the last 10 years. And this enabled us to

do a really interesting kind of analysis, because it allowed us to compare the

I. Based on Dan Gilbert’s Speech on the psychology of your future self, answer the

following questions

PART A:

1) What do you think is the field of the speaker?

2) What is the regret of the speaker as regards our past decisions?

3) How does the speaker express his opinion about the pace of change of people in relation

to their age?

4) Which components are presented as the five dimensions of & human personality?

5) How does “Time” impact upon people and their decisions?

PART B: Based on Dan Gilbert’s Speech on The psychology of your future self, state

whether the following statements are true of false.

(i) People usually underestimated how much change they would experience over the next

10 years.

(ii) Every one of you does not know that the rate of change slows down in people as they

age.

(iii) Every ten years there seem to come changes in people’s inclination towards various

aspects of human life like music, dress, and food and so on.

(iv) Time is not a powerful force.

(v) The passing of years reshapes our values and alter our personalities

PART C: Match the following words and their meanings:-

Sl.No. PART - A PART - B

i Misconception Increasing at a fast pace

ii Gallop Wrong understanding of something

iii Neuroticism The quality of being energetic and not

shy

iv Extraversion The tendency to experience negative

emotions

v Retrospect Deeply

vi Profoundly A survey or review of past course of

action

Post Listening Activity Do’s and Don’ts of Interview ➢ Do your homework properly ➢ Be careful to make a first good impression ➢ Listen and respond accordingly ➢ Be prepared for smart, open ended questions from the interviewers ➢ Sell your strengths and experience ➢ Don’t speak poorly about your present or former employers ➢ Don’t falsify information ➢ Don’t speak irrelevantly Answer the following questions

1. How would you do your homework for an interview?
2. What would you do to make a first good impression?
3. Sell your strengths and experience- Explain
4. What types of questions would you expect from the interviewers?
5. How will you conduct yourself when an interviewer poses a series of questions?

The Concept of “Society” and its Characteristics

Key Concepts – (Society, Community, Culture, Institutions)

Society

The term society is derived from a Latin word socius. The term directly means association, togetherness, gregariousness, or simply group life. The concept of society refers to a relatively large grouping or collectivity of people who share more or less common and distinct culture, occupying a certain geographical locality, with the feeling of identity or belongingness, having all the necessary social arrangements or institutions to sustain itself. ‘Man is a social animal’, said Aristotle centuries ago. Man needs society for his living, working and enjoying life. According to MacIver, “Society is a web of social relationship”. According to Lapiere, “The term society refers not to group of people, but to the complex pattern of the norms of interaction, that arise among and between them”. According to Ginsberg, “A society is a collection of individuals united by certain relations or modes of behavior which marks them off from others who do not enter into the relations or who differ from them in behaviour”.

Characteristics of Society

• Society depends on Likeness. The principle of likeness is essential for society. Likeness refers to the similarities. Society exists among those who have the similarities with regard to their needs, goals, outlook, values etc.
• Society rests on Differences too. If men are exactly alike, their social relationships would be very much limited. There would be little give and take, or little reciprocity, if there would be no differences.
• Co-operation: Society is based on Co-operation. It is the essential part of our social life. Co-operation arises when men realize that they have common interests. It refers to the mutual working together for the attainment of a common goal.
• Interdependence. Social relationships are characterised by Interdependence. One depends upon the other for the satisfaction of one’s needs.
• Society is Dynamic: Change is ever present in society. No society can ever remain constant for any length of time. Changes may take place slowly and gradually or suddenly.

• Culture: Each society is unique because it has its own way of life, called culture. Culture is not society, but an element of society. Human society constitutes interacting people; while cultureis patterning of their behaviour. According to Tylor, “culture includes knowledge, law, morals, customs or any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”.
• Mutual Interaction and Mutual Awareness: Society is composed of people. Without people there can be no society, no social relationships and no social life at all. Individuals are in continuous interaction with other individuals of society. Society is understood as a network of social relationships. But all relations are social relations. Social relationships exist only when the members are aware of each other. Social interaction is made possible because of mutual awareness.
• Social Control: Society has its own ways and means of controlling the behaviour of its members. Along with co-operation, competition and conflict exist in society. Hence, the behaviour and activities of people are to be regulated by informal and formal means of social control.

Community

A community is a social unit that shares common values, or a group of interacting living organisms sharing an environment. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighbourhood) or in virtual space through communication platforms. According to Bogardus, “Community is a social group with some degree of ‘we feeling’ and living in a given area”. According to Kingsley Davis, “Community is the smallest territorial group that can embrace all aspects of social life”.

Vocabulary

Culture : the customs, ideas, beliefs etc. of a particular society, country etc. Interaction : an occasion when two or more people communicate with each other Reciprocity : behaviour in which two people or groups of people give each other help and advantages