Speciation - Plant Biology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Botany and Agronomy

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Speciation

I. Microevolution and macroevolution

II. Patterns of descent

III. Species concepts

A. Biological species

B. Ecological species

C. Morphological species

D. Phylogenetic species

IV. Barriers that lead to speciation

A. Prezygotic

B. Postzygotic

V. Modes of speciation

A. Allopatric speciation

B. Sympatric speciation

II. Patterns of descent

A. Anagenesis

B. Cladogenesis

D. Phylogenetic species

• Molecular clocks
• A species consists of a population or group of populations that

share a common evolutionary fate through time.

Fossil record

DNA - DNA hybridization

98.7%

99.2%

IV. Barriers that lead to speciation

A. Prezygotic barriers

1. Habitat isolation
2. Behavioral isolation
   • sexual selection

Sage grouse SongbirdsDocsity.com

3. Temporal isolation
4. Anatomical isolation
5. Gametic isolation

• diurnal, nocturnal, crepuscular

A. Prezygotic barriers

V. Modes of speciation

A. Allopatric speciation

Founder effect

Fruit flies

Darwin’s finches

Beak of the finch

• allopolyploidy

Goatsbeard

Feathers and bones

VII. Evolutionary novelties

Exaptations

Evo-devo Genes

HOX genes

Gene regulation