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Muscarinic & Nicotinic Receptors: Types, Agonists, Antagonists, & Clinical Uses, Cheat Sheet of Pharmacology
An in-depth analysis of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, their subtypes, associated agonists and antagonists, and various clinical applications. Muscarinic receptors are linked to G-proteins and include M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 subtypes, which are involved in various physiological responses. Nicotinic receptors are ionotropic and consist of NM and NN subtypes, which play crucial roles in neuromuscular junctions and autonomic ganglia, respectively. The document also covers the effects of these receptors on various organs and systems, including the cardiovascular system, glands, and the eye.
What you will learn
- How do muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect the cardiovascular system?
- Which drugs are commonly used as agonists and antagonists for muscarinic and nicotinic receptors?
- What are the different subtypes of muscarinic receptors and their associated functions?
- What are the clinical applications of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors?
- What are the primary differences between nicotinic receptors and muscarinic receptors?
Typology: Cheat Sheet
2019/2020
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CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM ADRENERGIC SYSTEM
PREGANGLIONIC NERVE FIBRE IS LONG PREGANGLIONIC NERVE FIBRE IS SHORT
GANGLIA LIES NEAR FROM ORGAN AND LIES
FAR THE SPINAL
GANGLIA LIES FAR FROM ORGAN AND LIES
NEAR THE SPINAL
STIMULATORY EXCEPT HEART AND BLOOD
VESSELS
GENERALLY INHIBITORY IN NATURE EXCEPT
HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS
POSTGANLIONIC-Ach POSTGANLIONIC- Adr CRANIO-SACRAL OUTFLOW THORACIO-LUMBAR OUTFLOW
Anatomical Differences in Sympathetic
and Parasympathetic Divisions
Figure 15.4b
Rest And Digest
Muscarinic receptor M 1 :- Autonomic ganglia, gastric glands and CNS (hippocampus and cortex)
Excitation and Acid secretion
M 2 :- Heart, GI Track and CNS
Cardiac inhibition and Neural inhibition
M 3 :- Exocrine glands , blood vessel and smooth muscle
Gastric acid and salivary secretion , GI smooth muscle contration and
vasodialtion
M 4 :- Lungs and CNS (cortex , straitum)
Enhanced locomotion
M 5 :- CNS (Substatia nigra) , salivary glands and iris cilliary muscle
Facilitates dopamine release
Receptor Agonist Antagonist
M 1
Oxotremorine, Pilocarpine, McN-A-343 Pirenzepine, Telenenzepin,
M 2
Methacholine Gallamine, Procyclidine, AF-DX- 116, Tripitamine
M 3
Bethanechol, Carbachol Atropine, Oxybutyrine, Hexahydrosiladifenidol, 4-DAMP
M 4
Carbachol Mamba toxine, Atropine, Ipratopium, Himbacine
M 5
As M 1 Atropine, Ipratopium
- (^) Nicotinic receptors are pentameric and ionotropic - the receptor
proteins themselves form ion channels
- (^) The ion channels are ligand-gated
- (^) Two subtypes
- (^) NN subtype is present on cell body of postganglionic autonomic
neuron
- (^) NM subtype is present at the endplate of the neuromuscular