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Composers & Their Operas: Verdi, Puccini, Wagner, and the Evolution of Music Drama - Prof., Study notes of Music

Wheaton College Music

Prof. Steven Pierson

An overview of the lives and works of five prominent composers in the field of opera: giuseppe verdi, giacomo puccini, richard wagner, gustav mahler, and richard strauss. It includes details about their operas, notable achievements, and the historical context of their work.

Typology: Study notes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 12/08/2010

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Italian Opera

oGiuseppe Verdi (1813-1901)

Operas: Nabucco, I Lombardi, Luisa Miler, Rigoletto, II Trovatore, La

Traviata, Don Carlo, Un Ballo in Machera, La Forza del Destino, Aida,

Otello, Falstaff

Big Name (even had face on money)

oGiacomo Puccini (1858-1924)

Manon Lescaut, La Boheme, Tosca, madama Butterfly, Turandot

Good with Human voice and at telling a story

oRichard Wagner (1813-1883)

Most controversial artist.

Born in Leipzig

First job in Riga (in Latvia)

Goes to Paris (Reinzi; Flying Dutchman)—can’t get a break in Opera

world

Dresden—Staatsoper director

Tries to start a revolution for German Nationalism, gets exiled (1848)

Judaism in Music—calls them out on commercialization of art/

musicwants art to be used to bring in new age (high ideals

about art)

Begins “The Ring”lord of the rings

Tristan and Isoldecan’t be together; reinvisions

harmonization—harmonic tension

Munich (1864: Ludwig II): Called out of exile; marries Cosima

“Meistersinger”—only comic opera, nationalistic tribute to art

Exile (because of affair with Cosima)

Designs Bayreuth theater

Finishes “The Ring”; writes “Parsifal”

Gesamtkunstwerk—complete art work: top to bottom thought

through

Music drama

Leitmotif—any music idea that represents anything in the

story

Used Teutonic Myth as source material

Music Dramas

Rienzi, The Flying Dutchman, Tannhauser, Lohengrin, Tristan

und Isolde, Meistersinger, Der Ring Des Nibelungen, Parsifal

oGustav Mahler (1860-1911)

Hamburg Opera (1891-1897)

Vienna Opera (1897-1907)

Metropolitan Opera (1908)

New York Philharmonic (1909-1911)

Symphonies (9)

oRichard Strauss (1864-1949)

Conductor, Composer

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 Italian Opera o Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901)  Operas: Nabucco, I Lombardi, Luisa Miler, Rigoletto, II Trovatore, La Traviata, Don Carlo, Un Ballo in Machera, La Forza del Destino, Aida, Otello, Falstaff  Big Name (even had face on money) o Giacomo Puccini (1858-1924)  Manon Lescaut, La Boheme, Tosca, madama Butterfly, Turandot  Good with Human voice and at telling a story o Richard Wagner (1813-1883)  Most controversial artist.  Born in Leipzig  First job in Riga (in Latvia)  Goes to Paris (Reinzi; Flying Dutchman)—can’t get a break in Opera world  Dresden—Staatsoper director  Tries to start a revolution for German Nationalism, gets exiled (1848)  Judaism in Music—calls them out on commercialization of art/ musicwants art to be used to bring in new age (high ideals about art)  Begins “The Ring”lord of the rings  Tristan and Isoldecan’t be together; reinvisions harmonization—harmonic tension  Munich (1864: Ludwig II): Called out of exile; marries Cosima  “Meistersinger”—only comic opera, nationalistic tribute to art  Exile (because of affair with Cosima)  Designs Bayreuth theater  Finishes “The Ring”; writes “Parsifal”  Gesamtkunstwerk—complete art work: top to bottom thought through  Music drama  Leitmotif—any music idea that represents anything in the story  Used Teutonic Myth as source material  Music Dramas  Rienzi, The Flying Dutchman, Tannhauser, Lohengrin, Tristan und Isolde, Meistersinger, Der Ring Des Nibelungen, Parsifal o Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)  Hamburg Opera (1891-1897)  Vienna Opera (1897-1907)  Metropolitan Opera (1908)  New York Philharmonic (1909-1911)  Symphonies (9) o Richard Strauss (1864-1949)  Conductor, Composer

 Father—Wagner’s 1st^ horn in Munich  Studied with Hans von Bulow  Tone Poems  Don Juan, Tod und Verklarung, Also Sprach Zarathustra, Till Eulenspiegel, Don Quixote, Ein Heldenleben, Sinfonia Domestica, Alpensymphonie  Operas (several controversial [disturbing stories], then backed off)  Salome, Elektra, Der Rosenkavalier, Ariadne auf Naxos, Intermezzo, Arabella, Capriccio  The Modern World Foundations o Naturalism  Only natural cause and effect relationships (no supernatural)  Study, understanding, description, control possible (must test or doesn’t get past hypothesis)  Darwin—conclusion based on observation and worldview o Nihilism  All Values, knowledge, morals and ethics are without base (cosmic purposelessness)  Destruction, Power is what is sought o WWI, Russian Revolution  Based on naturalistic, nihilistic thought o Impressionism  Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)  Portraits  Claude Monet (1840-1926)  Landscapes, seascapes  Claude Debussy (1862-1918)  Reinvents harmony  Prelude to the afternoon of a faun; la mer

Composers & Their Operas: Verdi, Puccini, Wagner, and the Evolution of Music Drama - Prof., Study notes of Music

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