REGULATORS OF LEUKOGENESIS
~NAME :AVIGHNA MISHRA
ROLL NO.:32
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Regulation of Leukopoiesis: A Comprehensive Overview of Cytokines and Their Roles, Slides of Medicine
A detailed overview of the regulation of leukopoiesis, focusing on the key roles of cytokines, particularly colony stimulating factors (csfs), interleukins (ils), and tumor necrosis factors (tnf). It explores the sources, functions, and mechanisms of action of these cytokines in the development, differentiation, and activation of various leukocyte populations. The document also highlights the specific roles of different interleukins, such as il-1, il-2, il-3, il-4, il-5, and il-6, in immune cell maturation and function. Additionally, it delves into the characteristics and functions of gm-csf, g-csf, and m-csf, emphasizing their importance in granulocyte and monocyte development. Finally, the document discusses the role of tnf in inflammation and immune regulation, including its types, sources, functions, and receptor interactions.
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2022/2023
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REGULATORS OF LEUKOGENESIS
~NAME :AVIGHNA MISHRA ROLL NO.:
REGULATORS OF LEUKOPOEISIS
- (^) Leukopoiesis is regulated by cytokines specially colony stimulating factors (CSFs), Interleukins(ILs), and tumour necrosis factors(TNF).
- (^) T lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblast, endothelial cells, liver and kidney are the main sources of Hemopoietic Growth Factor(HGF)
SOURCES OF INTERLEUKINS
INTERLEUKIN- (IL-1) Activated macrophages INTERLEUKIN- (IL-2) T lymphocyte INTERLEUKIN- (IL-3) T lymphocyte INTERLEUKINS- (IL-4) Human mast cells, T cells INTERLEUKIN- (IL-5) Human mast cell, T cells INTERLEUKIN- (IL-6) T lymphocyte, monocyte/ macrophages, fibroblast
FUNCTIONS OF INTERLEUKINS
- (^) IL-1, IL-6 and IL-3 promote maturation of stem cells.
- (^) IL-5 help in the development of eosinophils hence called eosinophilic growth factor.
- (^) IL-3&4 facilitate development of basophils.
- (^) IL-2 inhibit myelopoiesis.
G-CSF:
- (^) G here stands for granulocyte
- (^) Produced by monocytes, endothelial cells and fibroblasts.
- (^) Helps in development and function of granulocytes. M-CSF:
- (^) M here stands for Monocytes
- (^) Produced by variety of cells, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, smooth muscle and macrophages,
- (^) Also called CSF-
- (^) Promotes proliferation of monocytes and macrophages and also stimulates fuctions of monocytes.
TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF)
- (^) TNF is a cytokine involved in the regulation of immune cells and inflammation.
- (^) Types: Two main types: TNF-alpha and TNF-beta. TNF-alpha is more widely studied and clinically significant.
- (^) Receptors:
- Binds to TNF receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) on cell