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RD Exam Domain II Nutrition Care for
Individuals and Groups Practice Questions
with Correct Answers
Low Hemoblobin - In community surveys, a frequent symptom of malnutrition is: Osteomalacia - Which is the least common symptom in the elderly? a) osteomalacia b) osteoporosis c) obesity d) hypertension
- Age of Individual
- Sex of Individual
- Population Statistics - What is included in the study of demographics? Water during an event to replace fluid - Athletes should receive: 75 1500 cal x 0.2 = 300 cal 300 cal/ 4= 75gm - How many grams of protein would you receive on a 1500 calorie diet which is 20% protein?
Increase fluid intake (because of the high protein intake) - A patient is on a high protein, low carb diet. What advice do you offer? Low sodium, low saturated fat, low cholesterol, high calorie (cardiac cachexia: unintended weight loss; blood backs up into the liver & intestines; -causes nausea & decreased appetite -diet: low sat fat, low trans fat, 2gm sodium, low cholesterol, high calorie; arginine & glutamine may help) II MNT 11 - Nutritional prescription for a patient with cardiac cachexia includes: 30 lbs. Hemoglobin 9 (Infant Normal Hemoglobin: 9.5-13m/dL) - Which infant is at the greatest risk? a) 20 lbs. Hemoglobin 10 b) 22 lbs. Hemoglobin 10. c) 19 lbs. Hemoglobin 11 d) 30 lbs. Hemoglobin 9 a) 20 lbs. Hemoglobin 10 b) 22 lbs. Hemoglobin 10.5 c) 19 lbs. Hemoglobin 11 (Infant Normal Hemoglobin: 9.5-13m/dL) -
IV. Low calorie, high fat, high protein BMI > 30, History of GDM - Who is most at risk for gestational diabetes? Lead Poisoning (Lead Poisoning: Lethargic, irritable, Diarrhea) - A child is lethargic, irritable and with diarrhea. The cause may be: 51 calories (300 mL x .05 = 15 gm 15 gm x 3.4 calories = 51 calories) - How many calories are in 300mL of a 5% Dextrose solution? See a physician immediately - A single 19 y/o female is 6 months pregnant. She has not gained ant weight & has not seen a physician. Hemoglobin is 9. Hematocrit is 30. What is the most important recommendation for her? 85% (IBW: 67"- 60" = 7 7 x 5 = 35 100 + 35 = 135 (IBW) %IBW: 115 lbs. (CWB) / 135lbs. (IBW) = 85%) - A female, 5'7", weighs 115 lbs. Six months ago she weighed 130 lbs. What is her percent ideal body weight? Vitamin B12, D
(B12: no animal protein; D: No Milk) - A vegan is allergic to milk. Which nutrients would you expect might be deficient in her intake? II. low fat only if steatorrhea, vitamin C, B III. calories according to current BMI, high protein - A patient with Crohn's Disease needs the following diet: I. high fat, high calorie, high protein II. low fat only if steatorrhea, vitamin C, B III. calories according to current BMI, high protein IV. high residue, low fat, fat soluble vitamins V. low calorie, low residue, fat soluble vitamins, B Reduce intake of concentrated carbs & 5-6 small meals - Which of the following diets is appropriate for reactive hypoglycemia? Patient A Pt A Pt B Pt C M F M Serum Albumin 3.5 2.6 4. Transferrin 275 125 450 Tricep skinfold 3 16.8 17 MAMC 15 24.1 28. TLC 1000 3500 (Marasmus= Protein & Calorie Starvation -serum albumin is normal -triceps skinfold is decreased) - Which patient has marasmus?
Fat-free milk = 0 fat exchange - According to the Diabetic Exchange Lists, when substituting 2% milk for fat-free milk, you must omit how many fat exchanges? 1.0 KG (2600 cal - 1500 cal = 1100 1100 cal / 500 cal = 2.2 lbs. 2.2 lbs. / 2.2 lbs per kg = 1 KG) - If a man is normally consuming 2600 calories per day & reduces his intake to 1500 calories per day, how much weight will he lose in 1 week? Galactosemia (Galactosemia: is an inborn error of metabolism which is caused by a missing enzyme that would have converted galactose -> into glucose treated SOLELY by diet therapy: galactose & lactose-free diet) II MNT 19 - For which of the following diseases is diet therapy the primary treatment? a) peptic ulcer b) diabetes c) Wilson's Disease d) Galactosemia Prealbumin Preablbumin= Protein status - Which of the following best reflects protein status?
Lack of pancreatic secretion due to less duodenal hormone secretion - Following a Billroth II, steatorrhea often results. What is the likely cause? Lactose Intolerance (Whey the watery part of milk that remains after the formation of curds) - Meats cured with whey won't be tolerated by someone with: Short Bowel Syndrome (Chemically defined formulas are predigested & are used with patients with malabsorption such as those with short bowel syndrome) - Chemically defined formulas are used for: Head or neck cancer, who will not be able to eat normally for weeks - A PEG feeding would be useful in a patient with: It helps prevent fatty liver (Hepatitis Patients need high protein intake; it helps prevent fatty liver {provides lipotropic agents to convert fat into lipoprotein to remove fat out of the liver} & help the liver regenerate) II MNT 6 - A patient with Hepatitis needs a high protein intake. Besides helping the liver to regenerate, what other purpose does it serve? Food Synergy - The additive influence of foods & constituents which when eaten have a beneficial effect on health Shellfish, peanuts, wheat
Which of the following is a medium fat protein? a) peanut butter b) tunafish packed in water c) corned beef c) chicken without skin USDA USDA -> food Distribution - Which government agency would you contact regarding food distribution? Protein - Which has the greatest affect on the renal solute load? Amylose (Fiber: -Cellulose -Hemicellulose -Pectin) Amylose is a starch II MNT 2-3 - Which is not a fiber in the diet? Low sodium
(Diet for hypertension: Low sodium intake: <2300mg (6g salt) following the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet is recommended) II MNT 10 - What is the diet for hypertension? Nutritional, clinical, biochemical - The NHANES study looks at which parameters? Decreased gastric motility - What is a major reason for constipation in the elderly? Nutrition Education Training Program (NETP) (Ran by: USDA Eligible: Teachers & school foodservice personnel Services: Provides nutrition education training) II 15 - The program what provides nutrition education training to teachers & food service personnel is the: Lose 20 lbs. slowly and follow a balanced diet (6'2" = 74" 74 - 60 = 14 14 x 6 = 84 106 + 84 = 190 190 x .1 = 19 190 + 19 = 209 (IBW) 230 lbs (CBW) - 209 lbs. (IBW) = ~21 lbs to be lost) II MNT 16 -
II MNT 31 -
Which of the following may be the cause of loose stools in a tube fed patient? I. feeding was administered at too rapid a rate II. the osmolality of the feeding was too low III. the patient is constipated IV. an inadequate amount of surface area Hyperthyroidism (Hyperthyroidism = elevated T3 & T4) II MNT 18 - An elevated T4 indicates: Hypoglycemia - Before discontinuing a parenteral feeding, provide enteral support to prevent: Increased intake of foods high in Iron & Vitamin C - An example of a positive nutrition care outcome is: Small, pale cells, hypochromic, microcytic - Iron deficiency anemia has the following characteristics: Oxytocin (oXytocin -> ducts) - Which hormones moves milk through the mammary ducts? triceps skinfolds, arm muscle circumference, height, weight -
Which anthropometric measurements are useful in assessing adults? Mid-arm muscle circumference (somatic protein = measure of protein in Skeletal muscle) - Which is a measure of Somatic Protein? triceps skinfolds and arm muscle circumference - Muscle mass is determined using the: Black pepper, chili powder, caffeine, alcohol, cocoa II MNT 1 - Gastric irritants include: Don't eat before going to bed II MNT 1 - Good advice for a patient with a hiatal hernia is to: -follows a gastrectomy -is secondary to carb overload -draws fluid into the intestine II MNT 1 - The Dumping Syndrome: I. follows a gastrectomy II. is secondary to carb overload III. draws fluid into the intestine IV. needs a high carb diet
In cystic fibrosis, the most impaired nutrient is: The kidneys - The hormones that control blood pressure & blood components are produced in: Corn, cranberries (To create an acidic ash adding Meat, Fish, Cheese, Eggs, Corn, Oats, Rye, Fowl, & Shellfish) II MNT 13 - An acid ash would be created by ingesting: Albuminuria, hypercholesterolemia (Nephrosis: (aka: Nephrotic Syndrome) -the primary defect is in the basement membrane of the glomerulus which allows for large amounts of protein to escape into the filtrate -symptoms: Albuminuria: More than the normal amount of albumin in the urine & Hyperlipidemia bc fat then not able to be transported in the blood -> to bond to protein -> to form lipoprotein -Nutr Therapy: -protein intake is controlled -fat intake is restricted) II MNT 13 - Symptoms of nephrosis include: Hyperglycemia (During the Trauma Flow Phase, a release of the catecholamines epinephrine -> suppresses insulin -> causes Hyperglycemia)
II MNT 24 -
The catecholamines released during stress cause: time meals - Which is a part of the nutritional therapy for IDDM (Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in a lean person? Gout (Gout: -due to the abnormal metabolism of purine -> resulting in an increase in serum uric acid -> this deposits in joints causing swelling & pain) II MNT 19 - Increased serum uric acid levels may lead to: Organ meats, MSG (No: Organ Meats, MSG extenders, milk, calcium or sodium caseinate, dates, bell peppers Okay: soy, hydrolyzed casein, lactate, lactic acid, lactalbumin, pure MSG) II MNT 19 - The diet for galactosemia should exclude: Seizures - The ketogenic diet is used to help treat: Fluid and electrolyte replacement - Immediately following a severe burn, nutritional therapy should include: Glucostatic theory
A 60 KG female receives 2700 calories on PN. The calorie to nitrogen ratio is 150:1. How many grams of nitrogen is she getting? Finger foods like a hot dog in a roll (Spastic Form: limited activity -> leading to Obesity Athetoid Form: -constant involuntary movement of the limbs require the use of finger foods; Weight loss; high protein, high calorie) II MNT 22 - What type of food would you feed to a patient who has the athetoid form of cerebral palsy? A white female (Most at risk are elderly, frail, white females) II MNT 21 - Osteoporosis is most likely to occur in: Food frequency lists - Which is a quick diet assessment tool for a large group? Higher in protein and iron but lacks antibodies (Human Milk: lower protein, higher carb, higher fat + antibodies Infant Formula: higher protein, higher iron, no antibodies) IN 16 - Compared to human milk, commercially prepared infant formula is: Schizophrenia
(Associated with anorexia nervosa: -obsessed with weight status -food aversions -distorted body image) II MNT 26 - Which of the following is not associated with anorexia nervosa? Regular mealtimes, and a varied moderate intake II MNT 26 - What is the appropriate advice for a person with anorexia nervosa? a) offer a wide variety of foods and frequent feedings b) offer liquids high in calories and protein c) offer nasogastric feedings d) regular mealtimes, and a varied moderate intake Marginally deficient in folic acid (Oral contraceptives decrease folate) II 7 - A female who eats a wide variety of foods and takes supplemental iron and birth control pills may be: Albumin and calcium (Immobilization decreases ability to absorb calcium and increases nitrogen loss) II MNT 22 -
