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ARRT Radiography Exam Review
Question And Answers.
What is a tort? Correct Answer: A violation of civil law. Torts are also known as. Correct Answer: Personal Injury Law If a patient is apprehensive about being injured, or a radiographer causes fear in the patient, it is known as. Correct Answer: Assault Unlawful touching or touching without consent, harm resulting from physical contact with the radiographer, and imaging the wrong body part or against the patients will is known as. Correct Answer: Battery Unjustified restraint of a patient is known as. Correct Answer: False Imprisonment Exposing confidential information, improperly exposing the patients body, inappropriately touching a patients body, or photographing a patient without their permission is known as. Correct Answer: Invasion of Privacy Written information that results in defamation of character or loss of reputation is known as. Correct Answer: Libel Orally spreading false information that results in defamation of character or loss of reputation is known as. Correct Answer: Slander Respondeat Superior is a legal doctrine stating the employer is held liable for an employee's negligent act. Respondeat Superior means. Correct Answer: Let the master answer. Res Ipsa Loquitur is a legal doctrine stating that the cause of the negligence is obvious. Res Ipsa Loquitur means. Correct Answer: The thing speaks for itself.
The ARRT Standards of Ethics consists of the of Ethics and the of Ethics. Correct Answer: 1) Code
- Rules The ARRT of Ethics serves as a guide for what radiographers aspire to become as professionals. Correct Answer: Code The ARRT of Ethics are mandatory, enforceable, and carry sanctions for violations. Correct Answer: Rules Attempting to copy ARRT exam materials, disclosing exam questions, impersonating a test candidate, being convicted of a crime, engaging in unprofessional conduct, injuring a patient, misrepresenting CE units earned, violating state or federal narcotics and controlled-substance laws, and attempting to circumvent the certification and registration process are examples that violate the ARRT of Ethics. Correct Answer: Rules Acting in a professional manner, responding to patient needs, and supporting colleagues and associates in providing quality patient care, practicing technology founded upon theoretical knowledge and concepts, practicing ethical conduct appropriate to the profession and protecting the patient's right to quality radiologic care, and striving to improve knowledge and skills by participating in continuing education and professional activities are examples covered under the ARRT of Ethics. Correct Answer: Code Tachycardia is having a heartbeat of more than beats per minute. Correct Answer: 100 Bradycardia is having a heartbeat of less than beats per minute. Correct Answer: 60
What are some reactions to anaphylactic shock? Correct Answer: 1) Flushing
- Hives
- Nausea What are some reactions to cardiovascular shock? Correct Answer: 1) Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Cardiac Arrest contains negatively and positively charged ions. Correct Answer: Iodinated Ionic Contrast Media do not ionize into separate negative and positive charges. Correct Answer: Iodinated Nonionic Contrast Media has a far lower incidence of contrast agent reactions because it is not ionized. Correct Answer: Iodinated Nonionic Contrast Media What is the atomic number for iodine? Correct Answer: 53 What is the atomic number for barium? Correct Answer: 56 What is the atomic number for tungsten? Correct Answer: 74 What letter represents the atomic mass number? Correct Answer: A
What letter represents the atomic number? Correct Answer: Z When handling chemicals and they are exposed to skin, the area should be washed with cool water for at least ________ minutes. Correct Answer: 5 When handling chemicals and they splash into the eyes, the eyes should be washed with cool water for at least ________ minutes. Correct Answer: 15 This is used to define radiation exposure or radiation delivered to a specific point. Correct Answer: Air Kerma Air kerma is measured in. Correct Answer: Gray (Gyᵃ) This is sometimes used to measure exposure, but the preferred unit is air kerma. Correct Answer: Coulombs/Kilogram This is used to define the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of tissue. Correct Answer: Absorbed Dose Absorbed dose is measured in. Correct Answer: Gray (Gyᵗ) This is used to define the product of absorbed dose (Gy) times the radiation weighting factor (Wᴿ). Correct Answer: Equivalent Dose takes into account the biologic impact of the type and energy of the radiation being used. Correct Answer: Radiation weighting factor (Wᴿ).
The upper boundary dose that can be absorbed, either in a single exposure or annually, with a negligible risk of somatic or genetic damage to the individual, is known as. Correct Answer: Effective Dose What is the annual effective dose limit for occupational exposure? Correct Answer: 50 mSv What is the annual equivalent dose limit for occupational exposure to the lens of the eye? Correct Answer: 150 mSv What is the annual equivalent dose limit for occupational exposure to the localized areas of the skin, hands and feet? Correct Answer: 500 mSv This is calculated by multiplying the radiographer's age in years times 10 mSv. Correct Answer: Cumulative effective dose limit. The annual effective dose limit for students over the age of 18 is. Correct Answer: 50 mSv The annual effective dose limit for the general public, assuming frequent exposure is. Correct Answer: 1 mSv The annual effective dose limit for the general public, assuming infrequent exposure is. Correct Answer: 5 mSv The total equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus for the entire gestational period is
. Correct Answer: 5 mSv
The equivalent dose limit to the embryo/fetus per month is. Correct Answer: 0.5 mSv Effects that occur by chance and which may occur without a threshold level of dose, whose probability is proportional to the dose and whose severity is independent of the dose: Correct Answer: Stochastic Effects Effects that have a threshold below which the effect does not occur. The threshold may be very low and may vary from person to person. However, once the threshold has been exceeded, the severity of an effect increases with dose: Correct Answer: Deterministic Effects is somatic cell division that comprises of four phases. When division is complete, each new cell contains 46 chromosomes. Correct Answer: Mitosis What are the four phases of mitosis? Correct Answer: 1) Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase is germ (sperm or ovum) cell division that halves the number of chromosomes in each cell so that the union of two germ cells produces a new cell with 46 chromosomes. Correct Answer: Meiosis This occurs when radiation transfers its energy directly to the DNA or RNA. Correct Answer: Direct Effect
What is hematopoietic syndrome? Correct Answer: It decreases the total number of all blood cells, and can lead to death. What is GI syndrome? Correct Answer: It causes total disruption of GI tract structure, and function, and can result in death. What is central nervous system syndrome? Correct Answer: It causes complete failure of the nervous system and results in death. What is carcinogenesis? Correct Answer: It causes cancer. What is cataractogenesis? Correct Answer: It causes cataracts to form, following a nonlinear-threshold dose-response curve. When are embryologic effects most sensitive? Correct Answer: During the first trimester of gestation. What are late somatic effects of the thyroid? Correct Answer: Manifestion of cancer or cessation of function. Shortening of lifespan occur in modern radiation workers. Correct Answer: Does Not A genetic effect is damage to the molecule, which is then passed on to the next generation. Correct Answer: DNA Genetic effects follow a dose-response curve. Correct Answer: Linear- Nonthreshold
There is no such thing as a safe dose. Correct Answer: Gonadal Any exposure amount to the gonads can represent a threat. Correct Answer: Genetic The amount of radiation that causes the number of mutations in a population to double is the. Correct Answer: Doubling Dose The doubling dose for humans is approximately. Correct Answer: 1. Sv Gonadal shielding may reduce female gonad dose by up to %. Correct Answer: 50 Gonadal shielding may reduce male gonad dose by up to %. Correct Answer: 95 Gonadal shielding is required when the gonads are within the primary beam, or within ________ cm of the primary beam. Correct Answer: 5 The minimum source-to-skin distance for portable radiography equipment is inches. Correct Answer: 12 Source-to-tabletop distance for fixed fluoroscopes may not be less than inches. Correct Answer: 15
Primary protective barriers must be lead equivalent. Correct Answer: 1/16-Inch Primary barriers must be located where the may strike the wall or the floor. Correct Answer: Primary Beam If in the wall, primary barriers must extend to a height of feet. Correct Answer: 7 Secondary protective barriers must be lead equivalent. Correct Answer: 1/32-Inch Secondary barriers must extend from where the primary protective barrier ends, and extend to the. Correct Answer: Ceiling Primary and secondary protective barriers must overlap by at least. Correct Answer: 1/2-Inch Secondary protective barriers must be located wherever or radiation may strike. Correct Answer: 1) Leakage
- Scatter The x-ray control booth is considered to be a protective barrier. Correct Answer: Secondary The lead window in a control booth enclosure is usually lead equivalent. Correct Answer: 1.5 mm
Measured in mA minutes per week, takes into account the volume and types of exams performed in the room. Correct Answer: Workload The amount of time the beam is on and directed at a particular barrier defines the
. Correct Answer: Use Factor Uncontrolled areas must be shielded to ensure an effective dose limit to the general public of per week. Correct Answer: 20 μSv Controlled areas must be shielded to keep exposure under per week. Correct Answer: 1 μSv Leakage radiation from the x-ray tube housing may not exceed per hour at a distance from the housing. Correct Answer: 1) 1 mGyᵃ
- 1 m The protective curtain on a fluoroscopy unit must be lead equivalent. Correct Answer: 0.25 mm The bucky slot shield on a fluoroscopy unit must be lead equivalent. Correct Answer: 0.25 mm The least scatter radiation is measured at a - degree angle from the patient. Correct Answer: 90 Scatter-beam intensity at an angle 90-degrees from the patient is the intensity of the primary beam at a distance of meter. Correct Answer: 1) 1/
- 1
The energy released from lithium fluoride crystals is released as , and is measured by a. Correct Answer: 1) Visible Light
- Photomultiplier Tube TLD's can measure exposure as low as. Correct Answer: 50 μGyᵃ TLD's can be worn for longer periods than badges. Correct Answer: Film With TLD's, exposures below are measured as minimal. Correct Answer: 50 μGyᵃ use film that is similar to dental x-ray film. Correct Answer: Film Badges Film badges can measure doses as low as. Correct Answer: 100 μGyᵃ With film badges, doses below are recorded as minimal. Correct Answer: 100 μGyᵃ PA Correct Answer: Posteroanterior PACU Correct Answer: Post Anesthesia Care Unit PCXR Correct Answer: Portable Chest X-Ray PE Correct Answer: Pulmonary Embolus
po Correct Answer: By Mouth prn Correct Answer: When Needed pt. Correct Answer: Patient q Correct Answer: Each, Every QID Correct Answer: Four Times a Day R/O Correct Answer: Rule Out RA Correct Answer: Rheumatoid Arthritis RAT Correct Answer: Rapid Assessment Team RBC Correct Answer: Red Blood Cells RDS Correct Answer: Respiratory Distress Syndrome RLQ Correct Answer: Right Lower Quadrant Rt. Correct Answer: Right
