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PROGRESSION: FIELD TECH II - III CONVENTIONAL EXAM 2024
"What is the difference between the wiring configurations for a residential, 8-position, 8-contact (8P8C)
modular plug and jack in the Universal Service Order Codes (USOC) and ANSI/TIA/EIA 570-B? -
CORRECT ANSWER The placement of pair numbers 3 and 4."
"In unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable, what is the term that describes when an information-carrying
conductor makes contact with a grounded conductor? - CORRECT ANSWER Ground fault."
"What is it called when several computers are sharing files without a WAP? - CORRECT ANSWER ad-
hoc mode."
"What is the standard encryption method used with WPA2? - CORRECT ANSWER AES."
"In regard to Wi-Fi networks, what is WPS used for? - CORRECT ANSWER To enable connection to a
Wi-Fi network without a Windows interface."
"Which encryption method is the most secure for a wireless network? - CORRECT ANSWER WPA2."
"How many channels are available with IEEE 802.11g? - CORRECT ANSWER 11"
"What is the last step of the basic wireless access point (WAP) setup? - CORRECT ANSWER Apply
security." "What specific problem does a wireless local area network (WLAN) resolve for corporations and home
users? - CORRECT ANSWER Excessive data cabling."
"Why is spread spectrum technology used in applications such as Bluetooth wireless personal area
networks (WPAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER Spread spectrum technology allows wireless networking to
create a short range, personal communications network." "What wireless local area network (WLAN) device can be described as a half-duplex device with
intelligence equivalent to that of a sophisticated Ethernet switch? - CORRECT ANSWER An access point
(AP)."
"What is a half-duplex device that is only capable of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference
model Layer 2 connectivity? - CORRECT ANSWER A wireless bridge."
"Which of these components is used in a passive optical network (PON)? - CORRECT ANSWER Optical
splitters."
"Which type of star topology used in a passive optical network (PON) places the PON splitters into fiber access terminal (FAT) located deep in the network and closer to the customer premises than the
centralized split? - CORRECT ANSWER Distributed star."
"Which element of a passive optical network (PON) uses a Bragg grating filter? - CORRECT ANSWER
Optical line terminal (OLT)."
"Which element of a passive optical network (PON) uses patch panels? - CORRECT ANSWER Optical
distribution network (ODN)."
"How are optical splitters used in the forward path? - CORRECT ANSWER In the forward path, optical
splitters are used as passive branching devices that divide an optical signal across multiple output fibers."
"Which of the following describes a fiber pigtail? - CORRECT ANSWER Fiber-optic cable with pre-
connectorized ends." "Heat shrink tubing is installed over the fusion-splice to strengthen and protect it. When should the heat
shrink be installed on the fiber? - CORRECT ANSWER Before stripping the plastic coating from the
fiber."
"Simplify and solve the equation: If E = IR then I =? - CORRECT ANSWER E/R"
"The square of 7 = - CORRECT ANSWER 49"
"The square root of 81 = - CORRECT ANSWER 9"
"0.00004 = ______ x 10 to the power of ______. - CORRECT ANSWER 4, -5"
"(75 x 10 to the power of 3) + (25 x 10 to the power of 4) = - CORRECT ANSWER 32.5 x 10 to the power
of 4"
"10 to the power of -3 has a metric prefix of ______. - CORRECT ANSWER Milli"
"(480 x 10 to the power of -5) divided by (60 x 10 to the power of -3) = - CORRECT ANSWER 8 x 10 to
the power of -2"
"(250 x 10 to the power of -6) - (7 x 10 to the power of -5) = - CORRECT ANSWER 180 x 10 to the
power of -6"
"(75 × 103) + (25 × 104) = - CORRECT ANSWER (*Wrong) 100 × 10^3"
"You are at a customer's home and you believe you have solved the problem. When you check to be sure the resolution did not introduce any new problems, which step are you using from the six-step
troubleshooting process? - CORRECT ANSWER Verifying the solution."
"By taking control of the expectations you have, you are - CORRECT ANSWER More likely to improve
your motivation and be a better problem solver."
"Which of the following characterizes the successful troubleshooter? - CORRECT ANSWER Someone
with an inquisitive and relentless desire to solve and fix problems."
"What must a technician be aware of when analyzing a digital TV (DTV) problem? - CORRECT ANSWER
There is frequently more than one contributor to a specific DTV service problem." "After a digital TV (DTV) service problem has been analyzed and possible causes considered, what is
accomplished by isolating the various network elements? - CORRECT ANSWER It narrows the scope of
likely problem sources." "Which of the following digital TV (DTV) trouble calls could have been avoided with customer education
about the product? - CORRECT ANSWER The digital set-top box (STB) overheats."
"When troubleshooting a digital TV (DTV) authorization issue, what can be verified using the set-top box
(STB) diagnostic page? - CORRECT ANSWER STB reception of authorization message data."
"Which type of set-top box (STB) operates more like Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
(DOCSIS) cable modems with return channels on the same frequencies used for cable modems? -
CORRECT ANSWER STB with DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) client software and embedded DOCSIS
modems." "What does a set-top box (STB) diagnostic page of a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channel
showing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) near or below 30 dB indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER The QAM
channel quality is on the edge for reliable reception, and the source of the problem is likely in the distribution network or customer premises." "Which Data over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) layer is used by the cable modem
termination system (CMTS) to differentiate between cable modems? - CORRECT ANSWER The DOCSIS
Media Access Control (MAC) Layer." "What was introduced in Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) 3.0 to allow enough
bandwidth for upstream carriers from previous DOCSIS versions? - CORRECT ANSWER The option to
increase the top frequency of the upstream to 85 MHz."
"In a Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) network, why is the data throughput over the return or upstream path typically less than the throughput of data over the forward or downstream
path? - CORRECT ANSWER Compared to the downstream path, the narrower bandwidths and lower
orders of modulation used to transport data over the return path cause the downstream and upstream data throughput to be unequal or asymmetrical." "What would be the downstream throughput if two quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channels
with a throughput of 38 megabits per second (Mbps) were bonded? - CORRECT ANSWER 76 Mbps."
"What are two features that were added in Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) 3.
to extend the viability of hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) networks into the next decade? - CORRECT ANSWER
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and low-density parity-check (LDPC)." "Which step in the troubleshooting process requires a discussion with the customer to gather more
detail about the problem? - CORRECT ANSWER Step 1: Identify the problem."
"When analyzing a problem, what can the technician learn by asking the customer to show or
demonstrate the problem? - CORRECT ANSWER The symptoms of the problem can be viewed and any
unusual screens or customer entries can be identified." "When using a digital signal analyzer to troubleshoot data throughput in the Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) network, what is the minimum modulation error ratio (MER) into the
cable modem for a 256- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) carrier? - CORRECT ANSWER 32 dB
or greater." “What is one reason why broadband cable operators install fiber-optic cable in stages instead of
changing the infrastructure all at once? - CORRECT ANSWER Changing the infrastructure all at once
would cause too many service disruptions."
"What is the difference between the fiber-to-the-node (FTTN) and fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) topologies? -
CORRECT ANSWER An FTTC is allowed a smaller number of RF amplifiers between the optical fiber and
the customer premises."
"Which of the following are statements of true axioms? - CORRECT ANSWER When A = C and B = C,
then A = B because both are equal to C, which supports the axiom: Quantities equal to the same quantity are equal to each other." "What kind of reasoning is described as applying a general statement that you know to be true to a new
situation? - CORRECT ANSWER Deductive."
"When configuring a wireless router, why is changing the service set identifier (SSID) from the device
default recommended? - CORRECT ANSWER To avoid telling hackers exactly what the device is."
"Which mode uses a wireless access point (WAP) connected to a wired network? - CORRECT ANSWER
Infrastructure."
"All 802.11 standards use one of two frequency bands. What are these frequency bands? - CORRECT
ANSWER 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands."
"What uses the 2.4-GHz band and runs at 54 Mbps? - CORRECT ANSWER 802.11g"
"Which organization regulates the use of wireless local area network (WLAN) devices in the United
States? - CORRECT ANSWER The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)."
"Which of the following IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) standards specifies both spread
spectrum RF and infrared (IR) transmission technologies? - CORRECT ANSWER 802.11"
"Why has it become cost-effective for enterprise companies to integrate wireless local area network
(WLAN) segments into their networks? - CORRECT ANSWER The cost of wireless technology has
decreased and the quality has increased." "Which one of the following wireless standards utilizes the 5 gigahertz (GHz) frequency band for its
signal transmissions? - CORRECT ANSWER 802.11n"
"Why are wireless local area networks (WLAN) usually deployed in an access capacity instead of as the
network's core layer? - CORRECT ANSWER WLANs are generally incapable of meeting the
requirements of the network core layer, which needs to be very fast and stable, able to handle a tremendous amount of traffic with little difficulty, and must experience no down time." "In which Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model layer do wireless local area networks
(LAN) operate? - CORRECT ANSWER The Data Link Layer."
"What type of connectivity is needed to connect networks between two buildings located across the
street from each other? - CORRECT ANSWER Point-to-point (P2P)."
"In which of the following applications might a wireless local area network (WLAN) be deployed in a
distribution layer role? - CORRECT ANSWER As a building-to-building bridge used to link corporate
network segments."
"What challenges do Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISP) have to overcome in order to provide
"last mile data delivery" to customers? - CORRECT ANSWER Distance to access points (AP), rooftop
access, lightning, trees, mountains, tower access, and other physical obstacles to connectivity."
"In what manner do radio waves propagate (move) away from the source (antenna)? - CORRECT
ANSWER In a straight line in all directions at once."
"Which one of the following radio frequency (RF) behaviors is defined as "the bending of a wave as it
passes through a medium of different density"? - CORRECT ANSWER Refraction."
"Which of the voltage standing wave ratios (VSWR) shown below is best for transferring radio frequency
(RF) energy between connections? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.2:1"
"What are some measures that can be taken to prevent high voltage standing wave ratios (VSWR) in
transmitters and receivers? - CORRECT ANSWER Tighten connections between cables and connectors
and use impedance-matched hardware throughout."
"How does radio frequency line-of-sight (RF LOS) differ from visual LOS? - CORRECT ANSWER RF LOS is
accompanied by a Fresnel Zone, a series of concentric ellipsoid-shaped areas around the visual LOS path."
"What is Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP)? - CORRECT ANSWER The power actually
radiated by the antenna element."
"What unit of measurement is used to express the gain of an antenna? - CORRECT ANSWER Decibels
isotropic (dBi)." "Given an access point (AP) with 100 milliwatts (mW) of output power connected through a cable with 3 decibels (dB) of loss to the antenna with a 10 decibels isotropic (dBi) gain, what is the approximate
Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) level from the antenna in milliwatts (mW)? - CORRECT
ANSWER * (WRONG)100 mW"
"A transmitter outputs 100 milliwatts (mW). An antenna cable connects the transmitter to an amplifier, and the power into the amplifier's input measures 50 mW. The amplifier increases the signal to the original transmitter's power level and sends the signal to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal from the amplifier at 75 mW, and then transmits at 150 mW. What is the intentional radiator's (IR)
power level in this radio frequency (RF) circuit? - CORRECT ANSWER 75 mW"
"Which of the following networks or products use spread spectrum technologies? - CORRECT ANSWER
Wireless local area networks (WLAN), Bluetooth, and global positioning systems (GPS)."
"Residential gateways have been around for quite some time, but what capability was added to connect to Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac
compliant devices? - CORRECT ANSWER Wireless capability."
"You are designing a wireless network to which several functional workgroups are connected. You want to configure your enterprise wireless gateway to allow you to quickly assign identical network access rights to persons within the same workgroup. Which enterprise wireless gateway feature provides this
capability? - CORRECT ANSWER Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)."
"What security service in an enterprise wireless gateway enables the wireless network administrator to
assign levels of service to a particular user? - CORRECT ANSWER Class of service (CoS)."
"In what direction does an omnidirectional antenna radiate RF energy? - CORRECT ANSWER Equally in
all directions around its axis."
"What is a consideration when mounting a high-gain omnidirectional antenna indoors on the ceiling? -
CORRECT ANSWER If the ceiling is too high, the coverage area might not reach the floor where the
users are located." "As a general rule, how does an increase in effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) relate to the link
budget range? - CORRECT ANSWER Each 6 decibels (dB) increase in EIRP equates to a doubling of
range." "What happens when an active Ethernet switch fails to sense a power over Ethernet (PoE) device on a
port? - CORRECT ANSWER It switches off the direct current (DC) voltage on that port."
"Which statement describes a passive injector? - CORRECT ANSWER It places direct current (DC)
voltage onto a CAT-5e cable." "What power over Ethernet (PoE) device picks off the direct current (DC) voltage that has been injected into the CAT-5e cable by the injector and makes it available to the equipment through the regular DC
power jack? - CORRECT ANSWER A DC picker or tap."
"Polarization is defined as which one of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER orientation of an
electromagnetic wave's electric field in relationship to the Earth's surface or plane."
"What is the typical coverage pattern of a semidirectional antenna? - CORRECT ANSWER A
hemispherical or cylindrical pattern."
"What antenna type is ideal for making a point-to-point (P2P) network connection between two office
buildings that are across the street from one another? - CORRECT ANSWER A semidirectional
antenna." "Why have 900 megahertz (MHz) Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band wireless local area
networks (WLAN) lost favor in comparison to 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) and 5 GHz frequency systems? -
CORRECT ANSWER 900 MHz devices are more expensive and provide slower data throughput."
"What is the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation for the maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) from a point-to-multipoint (P22P) wireless local area network
(WLAN) antenna? - CORRECT ANSWER 4 watts (W)."
"Which of the following statements is true concerning Bluetooth technology? - CORRECT ANSWER To
IEEE 802.11 networks operating in the 2.4 Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio bands, Bluetooth transmissions appear as all-band noise."
"What is the maximum range of Class 2, 2.5 milliwatt (mW), Bluetooth devices? - CORRECT ANSWER
10 meters or 33 feet."
"Bluetooth uses which spread spectrum technology? - CORRECT ANSWER Frequency-hopping spread
spectrum (FHSS)." "Bluetooth is a short range wireless personal area network (WPAN) technology that is covered under
which Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard? - CORRECT ANSWER IEEE
"What technologies does the IEEE 802.11n wireless standard use to achieve data rates as high as 600
megabits per second (Mbps)? - CORRECT ANSWER Multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technology
and spatial multiplexing." "How wide is each of the three wireless local area network (WLAN) Unlicensed National Information
Infrastructure (U-NII) bands? - CORRECT ANSWER 100 megahertz (MHz)."
"When connecting to a wireless local area network (WLAN), what is the most important point about the
service set identifier (SSID)? - CORRECT ANSWER That the clients and all access points (AP) must be
configured with matching SSIDs."
"How does a client locate a wireless local area network (WLAN) when performing passive scanning? -
CORRECT ANSWER The client listens for beacons until it hears a beacon listing the service set identifier
(SSID) of the network it expects to join."
"When should you consider enabling Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) protocol on a wireless
local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER When large frames experience high collision rates."
"What does the "on with threshold" setting of the Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) protocol
allow the wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator to control? - CORRECT ANSWER To control
which frames over a certain size are announced and cleared to send by the stations." "Which version of the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) standard was the first to use
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)? - CORRECT ANSWER IEEE 802.11a."
"What causes the hidden node problem in a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER
When a client (or node) can receive signals from an access point (AP), but an obstacle prevents the client from receiving signals from the other clients that are connected to the network."
"How do you troubleshoot a hidden node? - CORRECT ANSWER Test for degraded data throughput at
all client locations."
"How might you confirm the presence of a hidden node on the network? - CORRECT ANSWER Turn on
the request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) protocol and watch for increased network data throughput." "Which one of the following conditions occurs when an access point (AP) receives a distant client's signal
at a lower power level than that of a nearer client? - CORRECT ANSWER Near/Far."
"Which one of the following tasks is the best choice for troubleshooting the near/far problem? -
CORRECT ANSWER Review the location of the stations (clients) on the network."
"What test instrument is used to locate and measure interfering narrowband radio frequency (RF)
signals in an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN), among other things? - CORRECT
ANSWER A spectrum analyzer."
"What causes co-channel interference in a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER
An overlap in the signal ranges of access points (AP) or different WLANs operating on the same channels."
"What can be done to increase the coverage area of a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT
ANSWER Increase the transmission power, replace the omnidirectional antenna with a parabolic
antenna, and use the 2.4 GHz radio band instead of the 5 GHz radio band."
"What initialization vector (IV) do most weak implementations of the Wireless Equivalency Protocol
(WEP) use? - CORRECT ANSWER 24 bit."
"How can filtering augment some of the security limitations of Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) in a
wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER By defining parameters to which client
stations must adhere in order to gain access to the network." "Which term describes a wireless system in which the access point (AP) removes the wireless local area
network's (WLAN) service set identifier (SSID) from the beacon frames? - CORRECT ANSWER Closed
system." "Wireless local area networks (WLAN) that use an IEEE 802.1x protocol control network access on what
basis? - CORRECT ANSWER Port based."
"What is a man-in-the-middle attack on a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER A
situation in which a hacker uses an access point (AP) to effectively hijack mobile nodes (clients) by sending a stronger signal than the legitimate AP is sending." "What type of wireless local area network (WLAN) attack could cost an employee their job because network usage logs point directly to the employee whenever a hacker gains access to the employee's
domain login information and causes havoc on the network? - CORRECT ANSWER A passive attack."
"How might a wireless local area network (LAN) administrator ensure compliance with security audits? -
CORRECT ANSWER Document audit procedures in the security policy."
"To prevent hacker access to passwords and Internet protocol (IP) addresses, why would you want to
place wireless access points (AP) on switches instead of hubs? - CORRECT ANSWER Switches prevent
the broadcast of packets to all network segments." "What information should you gather during the wireless local area network (WLAN) site survey in a
convention center for an upcoming trade show? - CORRECT ANSWER Identify who will be installing
access points (AP) in ceilings that could be 40 feet high." "What test should you perform during the site survey to enable the design engineer to understand and
control what the user's experience will be on the wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT
ANSWER A data throughput test."
one has the wiring error. Continue to divide the section with the error into smaller sections until the wiring error is identified."
"Why is the Fresnel Zone important to the integrity of the radio frequency (RF) link or path? - CORRECT
ANSWER The Fresnel Zone defines an area around the RF line-of-sight (RF LOS) that can introduce RF
signal interference if blocked." "Although there are many different implementations of spread spectrum technology, what are the only
types specified by the FCC in the Codes of Federal Regulation (CFR), volume 47, part 15? - CORRECT
ANSWER Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)."
"Which wireless client devices require drivers to be installed on the client node? - CORRECT ANSWER
Wireless client devices on printed circuit (PC) cards that are to be installed in peripheral component interconnect (PCI) or industry standard architecture (ISA) adapters." "Why should a wireless network administrator consider installing an enterprise wireless gateway in their
network? - CORRECT ANSWER The enterprise wireless gateway enables the wireless network
administrator to manage a large wireless network using only a few central devices instead of a very large number of access points." "What device would a wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator install between the access point (AP) or bridge and the network to give indoor local area network (LAN) users as much bandwidth
as possible? - CORRECT ANSWER A bandwidth control unit (BCU)."
"Operation as an IEEE 802.11ac device occurs only in the 5 gigahertz (GHz) Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) radio band, so how are 802.11ac devices able to maintain compatibility with earlier standards that operate in the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM)
radio bands? - CORRECT ANSWER IEEE 802.11ac devices also operate in the 2.4 GHz ISM range."
"What does the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) specify as the maximum allowable power output into the intentional radiator for IEEE 802.11a-, 802.11n-, and 802.11ac-compliant devices
operating on the lower Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) radio band? - CORRECT
ANSWER 40 milliwatts (mW)."
"Why would a wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator rarely see the "authenticated" step on
the access point (AP)? - CORRECT ANSWER Because clients pass the authentication stage and
immediately proceed into the association stage." "What is the tradeoff between the fragmenting of packets into shorter fragments versus keeping longer
packet fragments? - CORRECT ANSWER Shorter packet fragments have lower probability of errors
from interference than longer packet fragments, but shorter packet fragments require more error correction."
"What is a slot time in an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER A
standard period of time on a WLAN that each station multiplies by a random number to determine the length of time to wait before performing a clear channel assessment (CCA)." "What is the purpose of the distributed coordination function (DCF) in an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area
network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER It allows all clients on a WLAN to contend for access on the
shared radio frequency (RF) transmission medium using the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol." "You wish to build a wireless network that provides significantly better throughput than a single IEEE
802.11b access point (AP). Which of the following is an acceptable solution? - CORRECT ANSWER Use
IEEE 802.11-compliant equipment operating in the 5 GHz U-NII bands, allowing for more more non- overlapping channels."
"What are the three main conditions that influence the range of a wireless local area network (WLAN)? -
CORRECT ANSWER Transmission power, antenna type and location, and environment."
"Access points (AP) must support what encryption techniques in order to comply with IEEE 802.11i
security standards? - CORRECT ANSWER Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES), and AES-CCMP (Counter-Mode/CBC-MAC Protocol)." "For maximum security, you should base your wireless local area network (WLAN) user authentication
on which one of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER Device-independent schemes, such as user names
and passwords." "What are some basic questions you should ask a customer before visiting the customer's facility to
perform a site survey? - CORRECT ANSWER The anticipated number of users, security requirements,
data throughput requirements, and budget." "Why is it suggested that all data collected as part of a site survey for a wireless local area network (WLAN) be included in the survey report as an attachment, appendix, or separate set of documentation?
- CORRECT ANSWER The data could be needed in the future." "What should you note in the wireless local area network (WLAN) site survey if a semidirectional
antenna is required for adequate coverage? - CORRECT ANSWER The antenna orientation along with
the antenna's side and back lobes for coverage and security reasons." "How would you use a laptop computer, tablet, or cell phone when performing a site survey for a
wireless local area network (WLAN)? - CORRECT ANSWER By checking for signal strength and coverage
areas while roaming around the facility."
