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A past exam paper from the cork institute of technology's bachelor of engineering in building services program. The exam covers topics related to electrical systems, lightning protection, testing of electrical installations, and illumination calculation. Questions include explaining concepts such as the 'rolling sphere' concept in lightning protection, testing procedures for soil resistivity and earth rod resistance, and types of overcurrent relays.
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(NFQ Level 7)
Instructions Answer FIVE questions.
Examiners: Mr. S. Boljevic Mr. D. Leonard Dr. N.J. Hewitt
Q1. Relative to the lightning protection system with aid of a neat sketch explain the following: (a) The ‘rolling sphere’ concept. (5 marks) (b) Step voltage and Touch voltage. (5 marks) (c) Inductive coupling. (5 marks) (d) Resistive coupling. (5 marks)
Q2. Relative to the testing of electrical installation explain the following tests with the aid of a neat sketch: (a) Continuity of protective conductor test. (5 marks) (b) Polarity test. (5 marks) (c) Insulation resistance test. (5 marks) (d) Earth loop impedance test. (5 marks)
Q3. (a) With the aid of a neat sketch explain testing procedure for measurement of specific soil resistivity. (5 marks) (b) With the aid of a neat sketch explain testing procedure for measurement of earth rod resistance. (5 marks) (c) Outline and explain the method in sequential order, used to replace a bearing on the electric motor. (10 marks)
Q4. (a) Relative to the electrical system protection, outline and explain the following: (i) basic requirements (ii) primary protection (iii) back-up protection. (8 marks) (b) State three types of overcurrent relays based on operating characteristics and with the aid of a neat sketch explain each of them. (6 marks) (c) With the aid of a neat sketch explain the protection of low power electric motor. (6 marks)
Q5. (a) State and explain two basic laws of illumination calculation. (6 marks) (b) What is a polar curve? How is it useful to an illumination engineer? (4 marks) (c) Determine at what angle the maximum luminous intensity occurs and state the illumination at 10m from directly beneath the lamp if the mounting height is 10m and the supply polar curve is
Angle in Degrees 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Intensity in candelas x 1000
(10 marks)
Q6. (a) Relative to the street lighting, outline and explain the following: (i) The requirements of good street lighting. (ii) The general principles that are usually employed in the design of street lighting. (6 marks) (b) Explain how flood lighting is provided and the design consideration involved. (6 marks) (c) Two lamp posts are 16m apart and are fitted with 200 candelas at a height of 6m above ground. Calculate illumination on the ground: (i) Under each lamp. (ii) Midway between lamps (8 marks)