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Practice Questions for Chapter 2: Atomic Structure, Schemes and Mind Maps of Architecture

Wheaton College Architecture

Practice questions related to atomic structure, including identifying nuclide symbols, correcting errors in the 'Periodic Table of Rejected Elements', drawing microscopic pictures of isotopes, explaining statements that were not explained in Dalton's atomic theory, and calculating the weighted atomic mass of an element based on isotope abundances and atomic masses.

What you will learn

What is the nuclide symbol for the ion that has 30 protons and 36 neutrons with a +3 charge?
Why are ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether true statements that were not explained in Dalton's atomic theory?
What is the formula for caffeine: 8 carbons, 10 hydrogens, 4 nitrogens, and 2 oxygens?

What are the name and symbol for the elements in the 'Periodic Table of Rejected Elements' that have errors?
What is the microscopic picture of an isotope of carbon with a mass number of 13 amu?
What is the weighted atomic mass of element Q based on the given isotope abundances and atomic masses?

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2021/2022

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Practice(Questions(for(Chapter(2(AK(

(

1. Write(the(correct(symbol,(with(both(superscript(and(subscript((nuclide(symbol)(

for(the(ions(and(atoms(listed(below:(

a. The(ion(that(has(30(protons(and(36(neutrons(and(a(+3(charge?(((

(

b. The(nuclide(symbol(for(the(element(that(has(79(electrons(and(118(

neutrons?(

(

c. The(nuclide(symbol(for(a(bromineL80(atom.(

(

2. Recently(surfaced(is("ʺ(The(Periodic(Table(of(Rejected(Elements,"ʺ(constructed(by(

Gerber(and(Schwartz,(noted(tableLologists.((There(is(something(wrong(with(the(

name,(the(symbol(or(both.(As(a(hint,(they(have(included(the(atomic(number,(

which(is(the(only(thing(correct(in(this(periodic(table.((Please(correct(the(errors(by(

writing(BOTH(the(name(and(symbol.((

Artistic'elements:''

a) 27( Mondrianium((Ma)(Co,'cobalt'

b) 3( Picasso((Pi)(Li,'lithium'

c) 24( Hopper((Hp)(Cr,'chromium'

3. Draw(the(microscopic(picture(that(represents(an(isotope(of(carbon(with(a(mass(

number(of(13(amu.((Acceptable:(

(

Partial preview of the text

Download Practice Questions for Chapter 2: Atomic Structure and more Schemes and Mind Maps Architecture in PDF only on Docsity!

Practice Questions for Chapter 2 AK

Write the correct symbol, with both superscript and subscript (nuclide symbol) for the ions and atoms listed below: a. The ion that has 30 protons and 36 neutrons and a +3 charge? b. The nuclide symbol for the element that has 79 electrons and 118 neutrons? c. The nuclide symbol for a bromine-‐‑80 atom.
Recently surfaced is "ʺ The Periodic Table of Rejected Elements,"ʺ constructed by Gerber and Schwartz, noted table-‐‑ologists. There is something wrong with the name, the symbol or both. As a hint, they have included the atomic number, which is the only thing correct in this periodic table. Please correct the errors by writing BOTH the name and symbol.

Artistic elements:

a) 27 Mondrianium (Ma) Co, cobalt b) 3 Picasso (Pi) Li, lithium c) 24 Hopper (Hp) Cr, chromium

Draw the microscopic picture that represents an isotope of carbon with a mass number of 13 amu. Acceptable:

Each of the statements given below is true, but Dalton might have had trouble explaining some of them with his atomic theory. Give an explanation why the following statements are true, yet were not explained in Dalton'ʹs atomic theory. a) Ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether have the same composition by mass (52% carbon, 13% hydrogen and 35% oxygen) yet the two have different melting points, boiling points, and solubility in water. Dalton did not have the ablity to determine structure. In lecture, we discussed how isomers (compounds with the same formula, but different structures) have different physical properties. The composition of these compounds is the same, per Dalton, but the structure is not. b) Burning wood leaves an ash that is only a small fraction of the mass of the original wood. If Dalton had the means to capture the gases that escaped when wood is burned, he would be able to weigh all the products. Then he would show that, indeed, mass is conserved in a chemical reaction, because matter is conserved. c) Atoms can be broken down into smaller, subatomic particles. Dalton lived before the “atomic” age, so he could not have known that atoms were made of smaller particles. However, when the atom is broken apart, the function or unique chemical nature of that atom is destroyed. So in a way, Dalton is correct that matter is not infinitely divisible.
What is the formula for caffeine: 8 carbons; 10 hydrogens, 4 nitrogens and 2 oxygens? C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2
In Chapter 2, we studied the basic architecture of the atom. Answer the following by identifying the true and false statements. Correct the false statements and make then true. Use a complete sentence for full credit. a) [T] [F] The atomic number indicates the number of electrons and neutrons. The atomic number indicates the number of protons and the number of electrons because atoms are electronically neutral. For that to happen, the number of electrons must equal the number of protons b) [T] [F] Protons and electrons reside in the atomic nucleus.

Give one example (atomic symbol and name) for each of the following: a. A transition element, which is ferromagnetic besides Fe. The ferromagnetic elements are part of the 8B triad: Ni, Co. b. The halogen that is a solid i. Iodine is the halogen that is a solid, I. Fluorine and chlorine are gases; and bromine is a liquid. c. The main group (representative) element in the third period and 4th group i. The main group element in the third period and 4th^ group is Si, silicon. d. An alkali metal in the fourth period i. The alkali metal in the 4th^ period is K, potassium e. An alkaline earth metal in the second period i. The alkaline earth metal in the 2nd^ period is Be, beryllium
Torbernite is a mineral structurally similar to mica, The formula unit is

Cu(UO 2 ) 2 (PO 4 )•10H 2 O. [There are 10 waters in the formula]

a) What is formula mass of torbernite? Use the following atomic masses for your calculation. Cu-‐‑63.546 amu x1 63.456 amu U-‐‑238.02891 amu x 2 476.057|82 amu O-‐‑15.9994 amu x15 287.989|2 amu P-‐‑30.973762 amu x1 30.973|762 amu H-‐‑1.00794 amu x 20 20.158|8 amu 878.725|582 amu 878.726 amu b) What is this mass in grams of one formula unit? 878.726 amu 1.660 X 10-‐‑^24 g =1.459 158X 10-‐‑^21 g/ Formula unit 1 formula unit 1 amu

In Chapter 2, we are introduced to the periodic table. Answer the following by identifying the true and false statements. Correct the false statements and make then true by writing a complete sentence, not crossing out and repairing the answer. a) In the modern periodic table, the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass. [T] [F] Elements are arranged by atomic number in the periodic table. b) Elements in a period have similar chemical properties [T] [F] Elements in a family have similar properties c) Elements can be classified as either metalloids or non metals. [T] [F] Elements can be classified as metals, non metals, and sometimes, metalloids. d) Non-‐‑metals are ductile, malleable, lustrous solids (for the most part) that are good conductors of heat. [T] [F] Metals are ductile, malleable, lustrous solids (Hg is a liquid) that are good conductors of heat. e) Aluminum is a metalloid. [T ] [F] Aluminum is near the region of the periodic table that has metalloids. It is not a metalloid. Aluminum has all of the properties of a metal, and none that make it a metalloid.
Predict the formula formed from the following pairs of elements. DO NOT NAME THE COMPOUND! a) Ra and S RaS b) K and N K 3 N c) Mg and P Mg 3 P 2