India's 1935 Act & 1947 Resolution: Path to Independence, Schemes and Mind Maps of Construction law

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Constitutional

Development

East India Company Rule (1773 – 1857)

The Government of India Act of 1935

This Act was adopted in response to opposition and

criticisms from the National Congress of India to the 1919

Act for doing too little in terms of granting autonomy. Its key

provisions included:

Abolition of the dual form of government or diarchy and the

granting of a larger degree of autonomy for the provinces

Establishment of a Federation of India (which never came

into force though)

Introduction of direct suffrage and extension of the

franchise to 37 million people from the original 5 million

Membership of the provincial assemblies was altered so as

to include more elected Indian representatives, who were

now able to form majorities and be appointed to form

governments

The establishment of a Federal Court

Objectives Resolution adopted on January 22, 1947 contd.

(3) wherein the said territories, whether with their present boundaries or with such others as may

be determined by the Constituent Assembly and thereafter according to the law of the

Constitution, shall possess and retain the status of autonomous units, together with residuary

powers, and exercise all powers and functions of government and administration, save and except

such powers and functions as are vested in or assigned to the Union, or as are inherent or implied

in the Union or resulting therefrom; and

(4) wherein all power and authority of the Sovereign Independent India, its constituent parts and

organs of government, are derived from the people; and

(5) wherein shall be guaranteed and secured to all the people of India justice, social, economic

and political; equality of status, of opportunity, and before the law; freedom of thought,

expression, belief, faith, worship, vocation, association and action, subject to law and public

morality; and

(6) wherein adequate safeguards shall be provided for minorities, backward and tribal areas, and

depressed and other backward classes; and

(7) whereby shall be maintained the integrity of the territory of the Republic and its sovereign

rights on land, sea and air according to justice and the law of civilized nations; and

(8) this ancient land attains its rightful and honoured place in the world and makes its full and

willing contribution to the promotion of world peace and the welfare of mankind.

Objectives Resolution adopted on January 22, 1947 contd.