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PEDIATRICS REVISED EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The Emergency room nurse is concerned about what findings when a 5 month old infant is assessed? A. Anterior Fontanel is closed B. Child rolls from side to side C. Child is able to lift head D. Rooting reflex has disapeared - Correct answer A. Anterior Fontanel is Closed The parents of a 3 month old are instructed to have all family members and caregivers to have there tdap and dtap booster vaccines to prevent the potentially fatal illness? A. Rubella B. Mumps C. Measles D. Pertussis - Correct answer D. Pertussis A first time mother wants to start her 6 month old on solid foods. The nurse would educate the parent that she should begin with what food choices? A. any food the family is eating B. Strained meats C. Rice cereal mixed with whole cows milk D. Rice cereal for infants mixed with formula - Correct answer D. Rice cereal for infants mixed with formula A 7 month child that was full term is in a clinic for a well child visit. A early intervention consult would be indicated for which of the following findings? Select all that apply A. Pincer grasp B. Head lag
C. Does not roll over D. Stranger anxiety - Correct answer B. Head lag C. Does not roll over A 9 month old is in for there well child visit the child has met all milestones. The nurse will provide additional health and safety information and educates her on foods to avoid until 1 yr of age. What would she include? Select all that apply A. Strained Banana B. Honey C. Peanuts D. Strained Carrots - Correct answer B. Honey C. Peanuts The mother of a 2 year old is concerned that her child is a picky eater .He is gaining weight and is in the 75th percentile on the growth chart? The nurse would respond with the following statement A. This is normal development for a 2 year old B. I will set up a appointment with a nutrition expert C. Force him to eat all the food on his plate D. You need to follow up with a gastroenterologist - Correct answer A. This is normal development for a 2 year old The mother of a 2 month old calls and states her child was in the Emergency room and has been diagnosed with colic. The nurse explains that colic is? A. Self limiting resolves around 12-16 weeks B. Common in breast fed infants C. Intolerance to soy based formula D. Related to constipation - Correct answer B. Self limiting resolves around 12-16 weeks What statements are true regarding the back to sleep campaign to prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome? Select all that apply A. The back to sleep campaign has dramatically reduced the incidence of SIDS
A. keep covers on outlets B. keep pot handles pointed back of stove when cooking C. Set water heaters at 160 degrees F D. use sunscreen on toddlers - Correct answer A. keep covers on outlets B. keep pot handles pointed back of stove when cooking D. use sunscreen on toddlers The nurse is providing care to the family of a preschool-age child who is diagnosed with sickle cell disease. Which statement made by the sibling would initiate a teaching session is needed? Select all that apply A. "I like it when my brother is not sick ." B. "I am afraid that I caused my brother to get sick again because I was mad at him." C. "I never get to go over to my friends' houses because we are always taking my brother to the doctor." D. When I lied to my parents, I was punished for a week and my brother never gets punished." - Correct answer B. "I am afraid that I caused my brother to get sick again because I was mad at him." C. "I never get to go over to my friends' houses because we are always taking my brother to the doctor." D. When I lied to my parents, I was punished for a week and my brother never gets punished." A nurse is developing a plan of care for an infant with nonorganic failure to thrive. What is the most important aspect of care to be incorporated into the plan? A. Periodically changing the seating arrangement during meals B. Force the child to eat everything on there plate C. Following a structured routine throughout the day D. Maintaining silence while feeding the infant - Correct answer C. Following a structured routine throughout the day
An 18 month-old child with RSV is admitted to the pediatric unit. The admitting nurse reviews the instructions from the healthcare provider. Which order should the nurse question? A. Encourage oral fluids B. Albuterol treatments every 3 hours C. Child may go to the playroom D. Chest physiotherapy twice a day - Correct answer C. Child may go to the playroom A nurse is caring for a preschooler. Which of the following is an expected behavior of this age group? A. Understanding causes off illness B. Magical Thinking C. Understands all the function of the body D. Is self conscience of body image - Correct answer B. Magical Thinking A Nurse is providing teaching about expected changes during puberty to a group of parents of of early adolescent girls. Which statement indicates that the parents understand what was taught? Select all that apply A. ''Breast development usually occurs after menarche" B. ''Breast development is usually the first manifestation of puberty" C. ''Girls may gain up to 75lbs before puberty D. '" Girls stop growing about 2 years after menarche"" - Correct answer B. ''Breast development is usually the first manifestation of puberty" D. '" Girls stop growing about 2 years after menarche"" Which drug is usually the best choice for a hospitalized child receiving a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in the immediate postoperative period? A. Methadon B. Meperidine C. Morphine D. Codeine - Correct answer C. Morphine
The mother of a 4 month old states she is not immunizing her child because she is afraid of the child will develop Autism .The nurses best response would be? A. Get some of the vaccines and see how he does B. There is no indication that there is any correlation between vaccines and autism C. I am calling Children's Services this is neglect D. I would do the same thing - Correct answer B. There is no indication that there is any correlation between vaccines and autism A 12 month old child is in the being sent up from the Emergency Room with a fever and cough for 2 days the nurse suspects influenza .The charge nurse is following best practice by? A. Allow child to go to the playroom as long as they wash there hands B. Place child in a private room C. Place child in a room with another child that has the same symptoms D. Place child in a warm mist tent - Correct answer B. Place child in a private room A 6 month old comes in with otitis media .The PCP prescribes Zithromax 10mg /kg for the first day. Available 100mg/5ml .How many ml will the child get her weight is 22lb 3ml 0.5ml 1ml 5ml - Correct answer 5ml The nurse is doing a assessment on a 4 year old with a viral infection and temperature 103.2 she recognizes a opportunity to educate the parents by which statements? Select alll that apply A. I will give her children's Motrin B. I will increase her fluids and make sure she is not dehydrated C. I will give her the adult tylenol it is cheaper
D. I will wrap her up in blankets to help break her fever. That what my grandma said to do - Correct answer C. I will give her the adult tylenol it is cheaper D. I will wrap her up in blankets to help break her fever. That what my grandma said to do The nurse is administering a intramuscular injection (IM) to a 1 year old .What site should the nurse use? ventrogluteal Deltoid Vastus lateralis Dorsal gluteal - Correct answer Vastus lateralis A infant just had blood drawn the nurse has determined that he is in pain by the following observations? Rigid body Silent withdrawn Smiling - Correct answer Rigid body While giving discharge instructions to the father of a child that was diagnosed with Asthma the nurse reviews all the following to prevent exacerbation? Select all that apply A. get yearly flushot B. Keep rescue inhalers available at all times C. Remove molds and dust mites from the home. D. avoid flu shot if symptomatic - Correct answer A. get yearly flushot B. Keep rescue inhalers available at all times C. Remove molds and dust mites from the home. A mom cries out that her daughter is will not wake up and has stopped breathing. The nurse goes in the room the 7 month old HR is 80 the nurse has hit the button for help.What does she do next? A. Administer oxygen via face mask 4liters B. Administer 100% oxygen via bag valve mask C. administer oxygen via nasal canula 2liters
Prednisone 12mg is ordered to be given each day available is 15mg/5ml. How many milliliters will be given per day? 1ml 12ml 8ml 4ml - Correct answer 4ml Which approach would be best to use to ensure a positive response from a toddler? A. Stand by the toddler, addressing him or her by name B. Call the toddler's name while picking him or her up C. Assume an eye-level position and talk quietly D. Call the toddler's name and say, "I'm your nurse" - Correct answer C. Assume an eye-level position and talk quietly What is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children? A. Presence or absence of the child's parent B. The child's developmental level C. The child's physical condition D. The child's nonverbal behaviors - Correct answer B. The child's developmental level An infant gains head control before sitting unassisted. The nurse recognizes that this is which type of development? A. Proximodistal B. Sequential C. Cephalocaudal D. Mass to specific - Correct answer C. Cephalocaudal A nurse is assessing a family's structure. Which describes a family in which a mother, her children, and a stepfather live together? Blended Nuclear
Extended Binuclear - Correct answer Blended The nurse demonstrates understanding of family-centered care by? A. expecting the child to perform self-care in activities of daily living B. assuming total care for the child C. limiting visitation to three time periods per day D. encouraging family visitation - Correct answer D. encouraging family visitation Which factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections? A. Toddlers have a short, straight ear canal and large lymph tissue B. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy. C. Respirations are abdominal D. Pulse and respiratory rates are slower than those in infancy. - Correct answer A. Toddlers have a short, straight ear canal and large lymph tissue The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse that they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When the child asks the nurse when his parents are coming, the nurse's best response is? A. "They will be here soon." B. "Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is." C. "They will come after dinner." D. "I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be." - Correct answer C. "They will come after dinner." Which is the leading cause of death during the toddler period Injuries Congenital disorders Infectious diseases Childhood diseases - Correct answer Injuries Which is the most frequent source of acute childhood lead poisoning?
B. Proper administration of thyroid hormone C. Proper administration of human growth hormones D. Helping child understand that he has not completed growing - Correct answer A. Child's self-esteem Which is descriptive of bulimia during adolescence? A. Feelings of elation after the binge-purge cycle B. Profound lack of awareness that the eating pattern is abnormal C. Weight that can be normal, slightly above normal D. Strong sense of control over eating behavior - Correct answer C. Weight that can be normal, slightly above normal Which is an important consideration when the nurse is discussing enuresis with the parents of a young child? Select all that apply A. Organic causes that may be related to enuresis should be considered first B. Enuresis is more common in boys than in girls C. Enuresis is neither inherited nor has a familial tendency. D. Psychogenic factors that cause enuresis persist into adulthood - Correct answer A. Organic causes that may be related to enuresis should be considered first B. Enuresis is more common in boys than in girls The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encopresis. Which should be included in the nurse's discussion with this family? A. Suggest the use of stimulant laxatives daily. B. Reassure the family that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress. C. Instruct the parents that the child will probably need to have daily enemas. D. Instruct the parents to sit the child on the toilet at twice-daily routine intervals. - Correct answer B. Reassure the family that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress.
A school nurse is conducting a class with adolescents on suicide. Which true statement about suicide should the nurse include in the teaching session? A. Gay and lesbian adolescents are at a particularly high risk for suicide B. A sense of hopelessness and despair are a normal part of adolescence C. Problem-solving skills are of limited value to the suicidal adolescent. D. Previous suicide attempts are not an indication of risk for completed suicides - Correct answer A. Gay and lesbian adolescents are at a particularly high risk for suicide The nurse is correctly educating a patient on the use of his inhalers when she tells the patient to A. hold his/her breath for 60 seconds after inhaling the medication. B. only take his long acting steroid inhaler when he has symptoms. C. take his bronchodilating (albuterol) inhaler first. D. wait 2 seconds between puffs. - Correct answer C. take his bronchodilating (albuterol) inhaler first. The nurse reviews the chart for a 4 month-old patient 8.1kg with RSV patient has increased wheezing and mild retractions. Which of the following interventions would be MOST effective? A. Administer albuterol by nebulization. B. Administer Motrin 52mg C. Administer amoxicillin 200mg every 12 hours D. Fluid bolus 20ml/kg D5 NACL bous - Correct answer A. Administer albuterol by nebulization A 15 year-old patient is treated for an asthma attack following exposure to tobacco smoke at a friend's home. The BEST advice the nurse can give is A. "avoidance of known triggers is the best way to prevent attacks." B. "it will be a good practice to take your preventive medications after going to your friend's house the next time."
Which of the following manifestations distinguishes croup from other respiratory disorders? A. barking cough and stridor. B. cough and nasal drainage. C. nasal flaring and grunting. D. wheezing and retracting. - Correct answer A. barking cough and stridor A 5 month old infant is admitted for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which of the following alerts the nurse to EARLY signs of increasing distress? Rales oxygen saturation of 94% on room air. respiratory rate 62 Slight wheezes clear with cough - Correct answer respiratory rate 62 A nurse is caring for a 3 month old infant diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which of the following manifestations concerns the nurse the most? A.congested moist cough. B. expiratory wheezing than decreased air moment C. intercostal space retractions. D. respiratory grunting. - Correct answer B. expiratory wheezing than decreased air moment D. respiratory grunting. A 20 month-old presents for treatment of stridor associated with croup. The nurse anticipates a STAT order from the physician for acetaminophen (Tylenol) levalbuterol (Xopenex) prednisone (Prelone) racemic epinephrine (Vaponephrine) - Correct answer racemic epinephrine (Vaponephrine) A child with epiglottitis is worsening the nurse would do which of the following?
A. Administer antibiotics STAT B. Notify the most experienced provider for intubation C. Exam the child's throat and get a culture D. Give the patient a stat albuterol treatment - Correct answer B. Notify the most experienced provider for intubation A mom is concerned that that her child with a upper respiratory infection is not eating very well for 2 days .Which is the nurses best response? A. Don't worry he is fine B. Give them there favorite foods C. Make sure they are getting adequate amounts of fluid D. Force them to eat - Correct answer C. Make sure they are getting adequate amounts of fluid A 8 year old post tonsillectomy patient is complaining of pain. During the assessment the nurse is very concerned about which finding? A. The child is saying his throat hurts B. The child is swallowing excessively and spitting up copious amounts of bright red blood C. The child is asking for food D. The childs heart rate is elevated - Correct answer B. The child is swallowing excessively and spitting up copious amounts of bright red blood Which laboratory result would be the most important piece of information regarding respiratory status? PH 7. WBC 6. HCT 39 BUN 16 - Correct answer PH 7. Which physical sign is indicating respiratory failure in a child with RSV? Tacypnea
B. Rectal temperatures tend to be lower than oral or axillary temperatures." C. "When taking a rectal temperature, advance the thermometer slightly past where resistance is felt." D. "For a tympanic temperature, pull the pinna down and back before inserting the probe into the ear." - Correct answer D. "For a tympanic temperature, pull the pinna down and back before inserting the probe into the ear." A 4 year old is admitted with pneumonia the orders read ibuprofen 5mg/kg every 6hours for a temp above 101.2 The medication is labeled 100mg in 5ml. The child has a temp of 102.2 last dose was 8 hours ago patients weight 44 lbs.Please calculate how many milliliters the child will receive. 5ml 4.5ml 6.5ml 10ml - Correct answer 5ml Ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg/dose IM every 24 hrs is ordered for a 12 week old female that weighs 14 LBS diagnosed with pneumonia. What is correct regarding this medication administration. Select all that apply 318 mg will be administered 700 mg will be administered 25 gauge needle will be used 20 gauge needle will be used - Correct answer 318 mg will be administered 25 gauge needle will be used Tamiflu is ordered for a child with influenza symptoms the dose ordered is 45 mg bid available 6mg per ml how many milliliters would the child receive each dose? 3.5ml 6ml 15ml 7.5ml - Correct answer 7.5ml
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The nurse should plan which priority intervention when caring for the child? A. Take the child frequently to the playroom to play with other children. B. Maintain frequent touch and eye contact with the child. C. Place child in a room with a roommate of the same age. D. Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum - Correct answer D. Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum What is the source used to classify sexual development of an child? Tanner Staging Target Staging Ericson Staging Freud Staging - Correct answer Tanner Staging A child has gastroenteritis the diet that is recommended after clear liquids is? Bananas, rice ,applesauce and toast milk and cookies prunes ,cottage cheese ,hamburger Chicken nuggets and fries - Correct answer Bananas, rice ,applesauce and toast An infant is brought to the emergency department with dehydration. Which physical assessment finding does the nurse expect? Select all that apply weight loss Tachycardia Poor skin turgur Brisk Capillary refill - Correct answer weight loss Tachycardia Poor skin turgur
