Download PALS Final Exam 63Questions with 100% correct answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
PALS Final Exam 63Questions with 100%
correct answers
A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement correctly
describes hypotension and shock? - Correct answer Hypotension is not a
consistent feature of shock presentation in children. A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to
which time frame? - Correct answer No more than 10 seconds
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the child has only gasping respirations and the pulse rate is 65 beats per
minute. Which action would the provider initiate first? - Correct answer Deliver 1
BVM ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds. A 7-year-old child collapses on the playground at school. The school nurse is called to the scene and determines that the child is unresponsive and is not breathing and has no pulse. The nurse initiates CPR. At what rate and depth would the nurse deliver
compressions to this child? - Correct answer 100 to 120 compressions per minute
at a depth of about 2 inches What is considered inadequate perfusion when assessing/caring for a pediatric patient
with an arrhythmia? - Correct answer Diminished peripheral pulses
Acutely altered mental status Hypotension A 9-year-old child is brought to the emergency department because the child suddenly collapsed at school. The child's ECG reveals the following waveform, and primary assessment findings indicate that the child has inadequate perfusion. Which primary
assessment findings indicate this? - Correct answer Signs of shock
Acutely altered mental status Hypotension A 9-year-old patient is presenting with diminished breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as
indicating which condition? - Correct answer Respiratory failure
A 6-year-old child is brought to the emergency department. The child has been experiencing extremely watery stools over the past several days. After completing the assessment, the healthcare provider suspects that the child may be experiencing shock.
Which type of shock would the provider most likely suspect? - Correct
answer Hypovolemia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for
the team to take? - Correct answer Estimate weight using a length-based
resuscitation tape. An 11-year-old child develops ventricular tachycardia with a pulse with inadequate
perfusion. The PALS team would prepare the child for which intervention? - Correct
answer Synchronized electrical cardioversion
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention is a critical component of airway management for
this patient? - Correct answer Airway clearance (e.g., suctioning)
Primary assessment of a 10-year-old child reveals septic shock. As part of the secondary assessment, if not already done as part of initial sepsis care, laboratory testing is completed to evaluate the child's status. Which laboratory tests would be
ordered for this child? - Correct answer Complete blood count (CBC)
Lactate level Blood cultures A 6-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department after a bicycle accident. Assessment reveals chest pain on inspiration, diminished breath sounds on the right side, and respiratory distress. The provider suspects obstructive shock caused by what
condition? - Correct answer Tension pneumothorax
A child exhibiting a narrow-complex tachycardia with adequate perfusion is to receive adenosine. The provider would be alert for which result after administering this
medication? - Correct answer Transient asystole
The emergency response team is providing care to a preschooler who is experiencing shock. The primary goal, common to all types of shock, is to restore a favorable balance
between tissue perfusion and metabolic demand with a focus on what? - Correct
answer Oxygen delivery and oxygen demand
Which information would be important to consider? - Correct answer Flushing of
the skin Evidence of bleeding Skin pallor (or gray/dusky color) A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent
cardiac arrest when assessment reveals which finding(s)? - Correct
answer Bradycardia
Diminished central pulses Hypotension A healthcare provider is performing a primary assessment of a child in respiratory distress. The provider documents increased work of breathing when which findings are
observed? - Correct answer Nasal flaring
Intercostal, substernal or suprasternal retractions Accessory muscle use A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatric urgent care clinic by the parent who says that the child has had a barking cough for two days. During the rapid assessment of the child, the provider hears audible inspiratory stridor. Which common cause of partial upper airway obstruction in children would the provider most likely suspect? -
Correct answer Croup
A child experiencing bradycardia with inadequate perfusion despite supporting oxygenation and ventilation is receiving compressions. Despite these efforts, the child's status remains unchanged. Which medication would the emergency response team
expect to administer next? - Correct answer Epinephrine
An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department. After a quick assessment, the team realizes this patient is experiencing a severe asthma
exacerbation. Which medication would the team administer immediately? - Correct
answer Albuterol with or without ipratropium bromide
A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the
following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia? - Correct
answer Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I
A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation but is exhibiting signs of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS resuscitation team determines that the child is experiencing a systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion.
The team bases this determination on which finding(s)? - Correct
answer Hypotension
Fever Hyperglycemia The PALS team is providing post-cardiac arrest care to an 8-year-old child in the pediatric intensive care unit. Which intervention would the team implement to achieve the primary goal of post-cardiac arrest care, after assuring adequate oxygenation and
ventilation? - Correct answer Ensure adequate mean arterial pressure.
An advanced airway was placed in a 5-year-old child. Which action(s) would be most
appropriate for the team to take to confirm correct placement? - Correct
answer Auscultate over the lungs and epigastrium for air movement.
Observe for bilateral chest rise. Evaluate results of capnography. A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT). For which part of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to
assess the patient? - Correct answer Appearance
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to
determine the adequacy of perfusion and oxygen delivery? - Correct
answer Lactate
The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not have a pulse. The team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia? -
Correct answer Torsades de pointes
Assessment of a 3-month-old infant admitted with respiratory distress reveals fever, grunting and a wet, "junky" cough. The infant's parents said the child had a recent respiratory infection with a fever. A rapid respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) test is positive. Which condition would the provider most likely suspect as the cause? -
Correct answer Bronchiolitis
A 7-year-old patient with septic shock has received three balanced/buffered crystalloid fluid boluses (60-mL/kg) and reassessment reveals capillary refill of 3 seconds, diminished pulses, narrow pulse pressure and cool, mottled extremities. The emergency response team interprets these findings as indicating which type of septic shock? -
Correct answer Fluid-refractory
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s)
would the provider administer? - Correct answer Nebulized epinephrine
Corticosteroids
fibrillation. Which action would the PALS team take first? - Correct answer Initiate
defibrillation with 2 J/kg. The PALS resuscitation team is providing care to an intubated child in cardiac arrest. Which of the following can be used to monitor the adequacy of the team's chest
compressions? - Correct answer End-tidal carbon dioxide levels
Presence of an arterial waveform or arterial blood pressure in patients with indwelling arterial catheters
