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CEC ASSIGNMENT INORGANIC CHEMISTRY TOPIC : HYDROFORMULATION REACTION NAME : HIRALBA CHUDASAMA 19SC BSC.CHEMISTRY SEM VI

INTRODUCTI

ON

 (^) Hydroformylation , also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process , is an industrial process for the production of aldehyde from alkenes.  (^) This chemical reaction entails the net addition of a formly group (CHO) and an hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention: Production capacity reached 6.6× 6 tons in 1995. It is important because aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products.  (^) Hydromylation with Rh can also be effected in the absence of phosphine. In such situation , co acts as main ligand.

REACTION

COBALT

CATALYZED

HYDROFOR

MYLATION

REACTION

 (^) A prototype homo generous metal catalysis  (^) Precatalyst to an active complex  (^) steps involving organometallic reactions  (^) 16 e to 18 e transition steps  (^) possible geometries of intermediates.  (^) Cobalt carbonyl and rhodium complexes catalyse the hydroformylation of formaldehyde and ethylene oxide to give hydroxy acetaldehyde and 3-hydroxypropanal, which can then be hydrogenated to ethylene glycol and propane- 1,3-diol, respectively

USES



The initially formed aldehydes are usually

hydrogenated to alcohols , which are used as

plastioizers for PVC , SAS for detergents and

cleaning agents and as a solvent or further

processed to form polymers.

 Hydroformylation is also used in specialty

chemicals , relevant to the organic synthesis of

fragrances and natural products.

 The total capacity of the hydroformylation

plants in 2002 was around 10.8 million tones

per year.