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OCR 2024 AS LEVEL IN DESIGN AND
TECHNOLOGY: PRODUCT DESIGN H006/
PRINCIPLES OF PRODUCT DESIGN QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS IN ALPHABETICAL
ORDER.
“Additive manufacture - CORRECT ANSWER=> involves joining or building up material such as the creation of models in a FDM 3D printer" "Additive Printing - CORRECT ANSWER=> A manifacturing process joining materials from 3D model data." "Aesthetics - CORRECT ANSWER=> aspects relating to the visual appeal of products." "Anodising - CORRECT ANSWER=> coating (usually aluminium) with a protective oxidised layer by electrolysis." "Anthropometrics - CORRECT ANSWER=> scientific measurements of the human body applied to the design and construction of products." "Assembly Jigs - CORRECT ANSWER=> can be used to hold a part in place while a process is being carried out." "Batch Production - CORRECT ANSWER=> The manufacture of groups of products to increase efficiency and economy." "Bespoke - CORRECT ANSWER=> A product specially made to order for a customer." "Biological Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER=> Organic non-toxic materials that can safely re-enter ecosystems." "Carbon Footprint - CORRECT ANSWER=> The total amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of an individual, a community, or an organisation." "CFRP - CORRECT ANSWER=> Carbon fibre reinforced plastic"
"Cloud computing / storage - CORRECT ANSWER=> Web-based hosting of computer files / applications for access in multiple locations." "Collaboration - CORRECT ANSWER=> Working as a team, rather than individually, to achieve a goal." "Composite Material - CORRECT ANSWER=> A material comprised of two or more different materials, resulting in a material with enhanced properties." "Compressed Boards - CORRECT ANSWER=> Made from chips, strands, or particles of timber glues together under a compressive force." "Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) - CORRECT ANSWER=> 3D CAD simulation tool for fluid flows in or around a product." "Computer-aided Engineering (CAE) - CORRECT ANSWER=> The simulation and analysis of product and component performance using computer software." "Continuous Flow Production - CORRECT ANSWER=> A highly automated 24/7 production process, usually requiring a small workforce." "Control Measure - CORRECT ANSWER=> Any action carried out in advance that protects against a possible danger or injury." "Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 - CORRECT ANSWER=> Legislation to prevent, reduce, or control people's exposure to hazardous substances in the workplace." "Copyright - CORRECT ANSWER=> Gives rights to creators of original ideas, information, or intellectual works." "Critical path analysis (CPA) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Analysis of the stages in a project to ensure time- efficient completion." "Culture - CORRECT ANSWER=> The social behaviour of different societies influenced by their customs and ideas." "Customer Reach - CORRECT ANSWER=> The number of potential customers a company can reach through a marketing strategy." "Cycle time - CORRECT ANSWER=> The time taken to complete a manufacturing process." "Demographic - CORRECT ANSWER=> A particular sector of the population. This may relate to age, education level, spending power, geographical location, etc."
"Fixture - CORRECT ANSWER=> Holds work in a given position while a manufacturing process takes place. Fixtures are always fixed to the machine bed." "Flowchart - CORRECT ANSWER=> A diagrammatic representation of a process using standardised symbols." "Former - CORRECT ANSWER=> Used to make sure that parts are formed or bent to the same shape." "Functional Performance - CORRECT ANSWER=> How the product works for functions." "Galvanising - CORRECT ANSWER=> A process in which steel is coated with zinc." "Gantt Chart - CORRECT ANSWER=> A graphical method (bar chart) of showing the time allocation for organising the stages of a manufacturing process." "Generative Design - CORRECT ANSWER=> The production of large numbers of alternative design possibilities using biomimicry-related techniques." "GRP - CORRECT ANSWER=> Glass-Reinforced Plastic" "Hardwoods - CORRECT ANSWER=> Timber from a broad leaf deciduous tree. Usually slow growing." "Hazard - CORRECT ANSWER=> Anything that could cause someone harm." "Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 - CORRECT ANSWER=> The main piece of legislation for British health and safety law." "Health and Safety Executive (HSE) - CORRECT ANSWER=> A national independent watchdog for work- related health, safety, and illness." "High-volume (mass) production - CORRECT ANSWER=> Making large numbers of standardised products in highly mechanised factories." "Human Factors - CORRECT ANSWER=> The study of how humans behave physically and psychologically in relation to a product." "Human Interferance - CORRECT ANSWER=> The part(s) of a product that the user comes into physical contact with or that provides feedback, such as images or sound." "Hydrophobic - CORRECT ANSWER=> Highly water repellent." "Iconic Design - CORRECT ANSWER=> Usually a highly innovative design regarded as an inspirational benchmark to other designers."
"Inbound Marketing - CORRECT ANSWER=> Market research used to establish whether a gap in the market exists." "Inclusive design - CORRECT ANSWER=> Designing products for ease of use by consumers with the maximum possible range of abilities, without the need for adaptations." "Intellectual Property - CORRECT ANSWER=> Rights covering all types of intangible, non-physical products." "Invention - CORRECT ANSWER=> A completely new device, machine, or system that didn't previously exist." "Inventory - CORRECT ANSWER=> A manufacturing company's assets in the form of materials, parts, or products." "Isometric Drawing - CORRECT ANSWER=> A pictorial drawing method showing horizontal lines sloping at 30° to horizontal." "Iterative Design - CORRECT ANSWER=> A cyclic approach to creating optimum designs by incorporating feedback from on-going, evaluative testing processes." "Jig - CORRECT ANSWER=> Used to hold and position work and / or locate or guide a tool to ensure accuracy and repeatability." "Just-in-time (JIT) manufacture - CORRECT ANSWER=> The manufacture of products as needed, in response to existing orders." "Knock-down (KD) fittings - CORRECT ANSWER=> Allow products to be assembled and disassembled many times, without weakening the joint." "Laminated Boards - CORRECT ANSWER=> Layers glued together in a well-organised structure with a synthetic resin that sets rapidly under heat and pressure." "Lean Manufacturing - CORRECT ANSWER=> A system that aims to reduce waste and continuously improve in order to add value for customers." "Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Analyses and evaluates the economic impact of a product through all stages of a product's life, from the initial extraction of raw materials through to final disposal or recycling (not to be confused with the product lifecycle)." "Logistics - CORRECT ANSWER=> The detailed organisation of activities such as the transportation of materials, parts, and products."
"Participatory design - CORRECT ANSWER=> A design process that requires the involvement of all stakeholders and users." "Patent - CORRECT ANSWER=> Gives rights to technical and functional aspects of a product or invention." "Percentile - CORRECT ANSWER=> A specific statistical percentage range, often used to define appropriate anthropometric data for design purposes." "Perspective drawings - CORRECT ANSWER=> A 3D drawing method that adds realism by the use of receding size for more distant elements." "Physical Properties - CORRECT ANSWER=> Properties associated with actual make-up or structure of the material." "Planned Obsolescence - CORRECT ANSWER=> The process of designing a product to go out of fashion or no longer function after a specific time period." "Presses - CORRECT ANSWER=> Ensures the material is formed to shape when pressure is applied to the material." "Price Point - CORRECT ANSWER=> The chosen price for a product to retail at." "Price Skimming - CORRECT ANSWER=> A company sets its prices high when launching a product to quickly recover initial expenditures associated with production and advertising. The aim is to achieve a profit quickly." "Pricing Strategy - CORRECT ANSWER=> How companies price their products to take account of production, labour, and advertising costs as well as incorporating a profit margin." "Product Lifecycle - CORRECT ANSWER=> The marketing lifecycle from the introduction to decline of a product." "Project Management - CORRECT ANSWER=> The organisation of teamwork to satisfactorily achieve a particular objective." "Prototype - CORRECT ANSWER=> A functioning or non-functioning pre-production design evaluation model." "Quality Assurance (QA) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Procedures and policies which ensure that products meet specification criteria." "Quality Control (QC) - CORRECT ANSWER=> Monitoring, checking, and testing procedures used throughout production."
"Rapid Prototyping - CORRECT ANSWER=> The use of machines such as 3D printers to produce realistic 3D models from CAD files" "Registered Design - CORRECT ANSWER=> Gives rights to the appearance of a product." "Reinforcing - CORRECT ANSWER=> Adding to, or altering the form of, a material or component to strengthen it or reduce its chances of wear." "Risk assessment - CORRECT ANSWER=> A statutory process that considers what might cause harm to people and what reasonable steps might be taken to prevent that harm." "Sacrificial parts - CORRECT ANSWER=> Weaker parts of a product designed to fail first in order to protect more significant parts." "Sand Casting - CORRECT ANSWER=> A metal-casting process that uses sand as the mould material." "Schematic Diagrams - CORRECT ANSWER=> These show the layout of components such as an electronic circuit with transistors and resistors." "Scrum - CORRECT ANSWER=> This strategy makes use of workforce teams using iterative design methods to respond quickly to issues in product design and manufacture." "Shape-shifting materials - CORRECT ANSWER=> Materials that change their shape in response to a physical stimulus such as an electric voltage or current, a change in temperature, or the presence of a magnetic field." "Six Sigma - CORRECT ANSWER=> This system aims to reduce manufacturing defects to the minimum possible level." "Sketch Models - CORRECT ANSWER=> Models made quickly using compliant materials in order to visualise ideas early on in the design process." "Smart Material - CORRECT ANSWER=> Material whose physical properties change in response to an input or change in the environment, such as electricity, pressure, temperature, or light." "Social Footprint - CORRECT ANSWER=> The impact on society of cultural and ethical issues." "Social Media Marketing (SMM) - CORRECT ANSWER=> A form of internet marketing that utilises social networking websites as marketing tools." "Softwoods - CORRECT ANSWER=> Timber from coniferous trees. Generally, faster growing."
"Triangulation - CORRECT ANSWER=> Adding cross-members to increase the rigidity of a framework." "Usability of a product - CORRECT ANSWER=> How easily a product can be used, particularly with reference to understanding how it functions." "User Interface Design - CORRECT ANSWER=> A 'human-centred' design approach with a main focus on the effectiveness of the user interface for interaction with products, particularly electronic devices such as computers and appliances." "User Interface Engineering - CORRECT ANSWER=> A 'human-centred' design approach with a main focus on the effectiveness of the user interface for interaction with products, particularly electronic devices such as computers and appliances." "Viscosity - CORRECT ANSWER=> (of a liquid) A measure of its resistance to an object moving through it." "Working Drawings - CORRECT ANSWER=> Detailed orthographic views supplemented by enough information to facilitate manufacture."
