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Nursing Arts Modules 1-
Medicare - Answer-Component of social safety net, provision of hospital and medical insurance, funded by taxation Principles of the Canada Health Act (1984) - Answer-Public administration Comprehensiveness Universality Accessibility Portability Governance of Health Care - Answer-Provincial and Territorial Federal Professional Palliative Care - Answer-Complex illness, hospice care Curative Care - Answer-Existing health problem Rehabilitative Care - Answer-Getting back to normal
Primary Care - Answer-Doctors, first care point Secondary Care - Answer-Hospitals, second care point Tertiary Care - Answer-Specialists/trauma, third care point Preventative Care - Answer-Wait longer Acute Care - Answer-Right away Home Health Care - Answer-Occupational Health Speech Therapy Respiratory Therapy Nutritional Health Home Care - Answer-Is not covered by Canada Health Act, expect for Indigenous, RCMP, inmates CLPNA - Answer-Policies, standards, registration process Nursing Organizations - Answer-Victorian Order of Nurses International Council of Nurses Canadian Nurses Association Provincial Nursing Association Scope of Practice - Answer-Legislation
Ethical practice Code of Ethics (4) - Answer-Responsibility Accountability Advocacy CLPNA Code of Ethics - Answer-Responsibility to Public Responsibility to Oneself Responsibility to Others Competency Profile (6) - Answer-Provides a bench mark for competencies Remote Nursing - Answer-Distinguishing feature of Canadian Nursing Output nursing stations Provide public health History of Nursing - Answer-Came from epidermis of infectious disease Came from Europe New France Care was only effective defence Indigenous Population Health Care Knowledge Herbal remedies Midwives, Nurses, caregivers New France - Answer-First nurses were male priests
Mme Hebert (lay nurse, provides care to settlers) Jeanne Mance (founded first hospital in Montreal) Most came to minister to the sick motivated by desire to educate Indigenous people (convert to Christianity) Grey Nuns - Answer-Canadian Order of Nuns Marguerite D' Youville (first visiting nurses in Canada, general hospital of Montreal, Grey Nuns of Montreal) Opening of the West - Answer-Established missions in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, NWT Florence Nightingale - Answer-Founder of modern nursing Historical Development of Nursing Education in Canada - Answer-1. Hospital Care
- Diploma Schools
- Educational Reform Conceptual Framework Determinate of Health - Answer-Society Caring Responding Community Individual/Family Adapting 2 ways to receive and relay info - Answer-Verbal and nonverbal
environment - Answer-the setting for sender-receiver interaction verbal communication - Answer-expressing ideas to others by using spoken words nonverbal communication - Answer-communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions rather than speech Symbolic - Answer-Art or music meta-communication - Answer-all the factors that influence how the message is perceived Elements of Professional Communication - Answer-courtesy, use of names, trustworthiness, autonomy and responsibility, assertiveness Professional nursing relationships - Answer-Nurse-nurse Nurse-family Nurse-community Nurse-individual Nurse-individual helping relationship - Answer-Therapeutic Goal directed approach Patient centered Nurse-family relationship - Answer-Maintain professional boundaries Nurse-community relationships - Answer-formed by participating in local organizations, volunteering, or becoming politically active
The helping relationship - Answer-Pre-interaction phase Orientation phase Working phase Termination phase Therapeutic Communication Techniques - Answer-1) ACTIVE LISTENING - Shows clients that they have your undivided attention
- OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS - Used initially to encourage clients to tell their story in their own way. Ask questions in a language that a client can understand
- CLARIFYING - Questioning clients about specific details in greater depth or directing them toward relevant parts of the history.
- SUMMARIZING - Validates the accuracy of the story. Therapeutic Communication - Answer-Clarifying Focusing Paraphrasing Restating Asking relevant questions Therapeutic Communication By..... - Answer-Sharing feelings Using touch Using silence Providing info Summarizing Self disclosure Confrontation
I-SBAR-R - Answer-Identification, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, Readback Verbal Reporting - Answer-A verbal reports is the spoken account of care provided and observations made Metaparadigm of Nursing - Answer-Idea that all features that go into a single framework Nursing Metaparadigm Concepts - Answer-person, health, environment, nursing Nursing conceptual frameworks - Answer-Used for us to understand the patient and our role with that patient Determinate of health - Answer-the range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status Nursing Wheel Circle Represents - Answer-Circle of life Circle of self awareness Circle of knowledge All are connected Who do nurses care for? - Answer-individuals, families, and communities How do Nurses Care? - Answer-Caring, Adapting, Responding Indigenous Medicine Wheel - Answer-Sacred hope Air, fire, water, earth North, east, south, west
Black, white, yellow, red Indigenous Medicine Wheel used in culture - Answer-Mirror like force A physical structure philosophy of nursing science - Answer-Wondering about space, time, knowledge, love, art, science What makes Nursing? - Answer-Early Theory: various ways of thinking about human behaviour and experience, designed to guide curriculum development Nursing Scientific Revolution - Answer-Life in 1910 Nursing was very different It was a field NOT a discipline Thomas Kuhn (1962) - Answer-defines science as a paradigm Chaos Theory - Answer-Simplest theory Rejecting simple cause and effect theories Everything reduced to its simplest properties Carper (1978) - Answer-Ways of knowing Knowledge comes from asethics, personal knowledge, understanding The Nursing Process - Answer-1. Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning
- Needs theories
- Interactionist theories
- Systems theories
- Simultaneity theories Practice-based theories - Answer-Conceptual models of nursing designed to guide and shape practice. Florence Nightingale and McGill Model Florence Nightingale - Answer-Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing. began professional education of nursing. McGill Model of Nursing - Answer-Strength-based approach in clinical practice with families, as opposed to a deficit approach, is the focus. Identification of family strengths and resources, provision of feedback about strengths, and assistance given to family to develop and elicit strengths and use resources are key interventions. Needs Theories - Answer-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs 1954 Collecting of needs Competing demands of various basic needs Virgina Henderson and Dorothea Orem basic needs - Answer-These are the things people cannot live without, such as food, clothing, and shelter. psychological needs - Answer-the urge to belong and to give and receive love, and the urge to acquire esteem self-fulfillment - Answer-the fulfillment of one's hopes and ambitions.
Virgina Henderson - Answer-her theory of nursing expanded the role of the professional nurse described 14 activities of the nurse that aid in healing, including breathing, eating, drinking, elimination, movement/positioning, sleep/rest, clothing, body temp, hygiene, and safety expanded on environmental theory to include nurse as an active part of the healing process, responsible for determining interventions designed to achieve patient health goals Dorothea Orem - Answer-self care theory Interaction Theory - Answer-Focused on relationships between nurses and patients Hildegard Peplow, Joyce Travelbee, Evelyn Adam Hildegard Peplau - Answer-Theory of Interpersonal Relations Joyce Travelbee - Answer-Human to human relationship Evelyn Adam - Answer-Conceptual Model for Nursing Empathy, caring, mutual respect Systems Theory - Answer-theory that describes the interconnected elements of a system in which a change in one element affects all of the other elements Dorothy Johnson, Univeristy of BC, Sister Callista Roy, Betty Newman, Dorothy Johnson - Answer-Behavioral System Model with 7 subsystems each with a goal The University of BC - Answer-The first Canadian undergraduate nursing degree program Took Johnson's theory and expanded it by adding 2
Biological and genetic endowment Individual Heath practices Healthy child development Health services Social environment Gender Culture Evidence-informed practice - Answer-A clinical practice based on a balance of three elements: current scientific evidence, clinical experience, and the client's wishes. traditional practice - Answer-decision-making based on past practice and/or opinion Research Shaping Practice - Answer-Guides best practice Quality improvement Answer clinical questions Empirics - Answer-The science of nursing asethetic - Answer-Art of nursing, personality and approach to creating relationships Personal - Answer-Experience, values, personal views Ethical - Answer-Having to do with morals, values, right and wrong, code of ethics
Nursing Process - Answer-five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating Scinetific method - Answer-a way of finding answers Nursing Process Contributors - Answer-Knowledge Standards Qualities Experience Assessment - Answer-Collect subjective and objective data about the client that describes them Data Collection - Answer-capturing and gathering all data necessary to complete the processing of transactions Needs, health problems, responses Uncovers experiences, health practices, goals, values subjective data - Answer-things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses; symptoms objective data - Answer-information that is seen, heard, felt, or smelled by an observer; signs Sources of Data - Answer-a) Primary = the CLIENT b) Secondary = all other sources which does NOT COME FROM THE client Methods of Data Collection - Answer-Interview Nursing Health History
Potential Diagnosis - Answer-The person's data shows the risk factors of the diagnosis/ problems but no signs or symptoms or defining characteristics In-depth Assessment - Answer-clinician narrows focus by ruling out problems in some areas and concentrating on areas that seem most relevant, confirming potential diagnosis Nursing Diagnosis - Answer-describes a health problem that can be treated by nursing measures; a step in the nursing process medical diagnosis vs nursing diagnosis - Answer-A medical diagnosis deals with disease or medical condition. A nursing diagnosis deals with human response to actual or potential health problems and life processes. medical diagnosis - Answer-the identification of a disease or condition by a doctor Nursing Diagnosis - Answer-used to evaluate the response of the whole person to actual or potential health problems collaborative problems - Answer-actual or potential health problem that may occur from complications of disease, diagnostic studies, or the treatment regimen; the nurse works together with other members of the health care team toward its resolution Actual Nursing Diagnosis - Answer-describes human responses to health conditions or life processes Risk Nursing Diagnosis - Answer-Describes human responses to health conditions/life processes that may develop
health promotion nursing diagnosis - Answer-a clinical judgement of motivation, desire, and readiness to enhance well-being and actualize human health potential wellness nursing diagnosis - Answer-describes human responses to health conditions or life processes Components of Nursing Diagnosis - Answer-*diagnostic label *related factors *definition *risk factors *support of the diagnostic statement Planning - Answer-Establishing priorities Classification of Priorities - Answer-high, intermediate, low Time Factor in Setting Priorities - Answer-The planning of nursing care occurs in three phases: Initial Ongoing Discharge planning Goals of Care - Answer-- Client goal
- A specific, measurable behaviour or response reflecting client's highest possible wellness level and independence of function
- Short-term goal
- An objective client behaviour or response expected within hours to a week
- Long-term goal
- An objective client behaviour or response expected within days, weeks or months Role of client in goal setting - Answer-Mutual Goal Setting
