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NUR 102 - QUIZ / EXAM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
What physiological process commonly occurs during dehydration? A) Increase in sodium and electrolyte disturbance B) Increased capillary permeability C) Loss of proteins in the plasma of the blood D) Obstruction of venous blood or lymphatic return - ansA) Increase in sodium and electrolyte disturbance A 16-year-old presents at the emergency room with altered mental status, bradycardia, and cardiac dysrhythmia caused by uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. What acid-base imbalance is most likely occurring in this client? Metabolic alkalosis Metabolic acidosis Respiratory alkalosis Respiratory acidosis - ansMetabolic acidosis A 25-year-old client with symptoms of excessive thirst and an increase in urine is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. For which of the following client's hormone levels should the nurse monitor? A) Thyroxine B) Vasopressin C) Insulin
D)
Glucagon - ansB) Vasopressin A 40-year-old client has an episode of vomiting. On observation of the vomitus, yellowish-green color was noticed. What is the most likely cause of this finding? A) Forcing back of intestinal contents B) Presence of bile pigments and salts C) Bleeding in the lower digestive tract D) Bleeding inside the stomach - ansB) Presence of bile pigments and salts A 45-year-old diabetic client has to void urine more often than usual. However, the volume of urine is not increased. Based on this information, what term should the nurse use to describe the client's condition in the electronic medication record? A) Incontinence B) Dysuria C) Frequency D) Polyuria - ansC) Frequency A client approaching older adulthood talks to a nurse regarding overdependence on other people. The client also expresses the wish to achieve more independence during old age. Which key element can the nurse encourage to help the client attain more independence in older adulthood? Financial stability Reviewing life
A client has been admitted to a healthcare facility with frequent diarrhea. The nurse is concerned about fluid loss. Based on her information, which condition does the nurse most likely need to monitor in the client with a significant loss of extracellular fluid (ECF) volume? Congestive heart failure High blood pressure Hypovolemic shock Overhydration - ansHypovolemic shock A client has been diagnosed with a functional obstruction of the intestine. Which of the following types of obstructions might be the diagnosis? A) Volvulus B) Paralytic ileus C) Stenosis D) Intussusception A B C D - ansB) Paralytic ileus A client has been diagnosed with a functional obstruction of the intestine. Which type of obstructions is the most likely diagnosis? A) Volvulus B) Paralytic ileus C) Stenosis D) Intussusception - ansB) Paralytic ileus
A client has been on the medical-surgical unit for 3 days. The assessment findings reveal a respiratory rate of 28 and a shallow apical pulse of 52, 1+ pitting edema in both lower extremities, and a blood sugar of 66. Based on this information, the nurse has received orders to administer diuretics. Which condition is most likely responsible for the administration of diuretics by the nurse to the client? Respiratory distress Systemic edema Hypoglycemia Bradycardia - ansSystemic edema A client has been prescribed GoLYTELY before a barium study. What instruction should the nurse provide to this client regarding its method of use? Mix the solution thoroughly before drinking. Eat high-fiber foods the evening before the procedure. Drink the solution in the evening and again in the morning. Drink the solution along with a glass of warm milk. - ansMix the solution thoroughly before drinking. A client has undergone a colostomy and is wearing an ostomy pouch at the beltline. What should the nurse include in the client education? Avoid swimming and taking a shower. Avoid lifting weights heavier than 10 pounds. Avoid drinking Gatorade and broth. Avoid lifting heavy weights for about 2 months. - ansAvoid lifting heavy weights for about 2 months. A client is diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism associated with osteomalacia. When caring for this client, the nurse should monitor the level of which mineral? Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium - ansCalcium A client is diagnosed with hypocalcemia. Which of the following conditions most commonly causes this condition? Parathyroid hormone deficit Immobilization Cancer
A client is undergoing tests to confirm a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. What test would be ordered for this client? TRH stimulation test TSH stimulation test Thyroid suppression test Thyroid scan - ansThyroid scan A client tells the nurse of the inability to have a bowel movement even after the administration of laxatives and an enema. Based on this information, what are the anticipated symptoms in the client with fecal impaction?
- Severe abdominal discomfort
- Soft abdomen
- Feeling of pressure
- Rectal examination reveals a hard or putty-like mass A) 1, 2, 3 B) 1, 2, 4 C) 1, 3, 4 D) 2, 3, 4 - ansC) 1, 3, 4 A client with a family history of ulcerative colitis is to undergo a screening test for early detection of colon cancer. In what group is colon cancer more common? A) Clients who have frequent diarrhea B) Clients between the age of 30 and 35 C) Clients who consume a low-calorie diet D) Clients who show monilial patches on the tongue - ansA) Clients who have frequent diarrhea
A client with a fractured leg is in pain. The nurse understands that the client is experiencing which kind of pain? Intractable pain Neuropathic pain Chronic pain Nociceptive pain - ansNociceptive pain A client with complaints of frequent and increased urination is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The electrolyte report of the client is as follows: sodium, 150 mEq/L; potassium, 4.5 mEq/L; calcium, 5.2 mEq/L; and chloride, 96 mEq/L. The client is reported to have hypernatremia. The physician instructs the nurse to modify the diet accordingly. What dietary restriction should the nurse recommend in the diet plan for this client? Potassium Chloride Sodium Calcium - ansSodium A diabetic client is admitted to a healthcare facility for diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status. The arterial blood gas (ABG) report of the client shows decreased pH and decreased HCO3-. What immediate action should the nurse take? A) Give a bicarbonate infusion. B) Give Ringer solution. C) Notify the physician. D) Apply a rebreathing mask. - ansC) Notify the physician. A diabetic client is admitted to a healthcare facility for diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status. The arterial blood gas (ABG) report of the client shows decreased pH and decreased HCO3-. What immediate action should the nurse take? Give Ringer's solution. Give a bicarbonate infusion. Notify the physician.
A)
Encourage intake of large amounts of water B) Suggest high intensity exercise on alternate days C) Keep the head of the bed parallel to the floor D) Have the client wear rubber-soled shoes - ansD) Have the client wear rubber-soled shoes A morbidly obese client has hepatitis. What measure should the nurse undertake when caring for the client? Have the client wear rubber-soled shoes Suggest high intensity exercise on alternate days Keep the head of the bed parallel to the floor Encourage intake of large amounts of water - ansHave the client wear rubber-soled shoes A mother has just delivered her first baby and asks the nurse about routines at home. Based on this question, what information should the nurse teach the new mother about establishing routines with an infant? A) Routines contribute to a baby's ability to thrive. B) Routines establish trust along with learning to expect. C) Routines promote bonding between mother and infant. D) Routines help the child adjust to toilet training. - ansB) Routines establish trust along with learning to expect. A mother tells the nurse that her child has been able to recognize a quart of milk whether it is in the milk container or poured into a plastic jug as the same amount. Based on this information that the nurse collected about the child's current cognitive development, this skill most likely is an example of what concrete operation characteristic of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
A)
Reversibility B) Seriation C) Conservation of matter D) Complex problem solving - ansC) Conservation of matter A mother tells the nurse that her child has been able to recognize a quart of milk whether it is in the milk container or poured into a plastic jug as the same amount. Based on this information that the nurse collected about the child's current cognitive development, this skill most likely is an example of what concrete operation characteristic of Piaget's theory of cognitive development? A)Reversibility B)Seriation C)Conservation of matter D)Complex problem solving - ansC)Conservation of matter A nurse caring for a 60-year-old client with hypertrophy of the prostate gland is required to remove the retention catheter that was inserted to relieve urinary retention. Which step should the nurse follow when removing the catheter? A) Retention catheter should be cut and removed. B) Catheter balloon should be completely deflated. C) Client should be placed in side-lying position. D) Client should be asked to hold breath during the procedure. - ansB)
D)
Soap suds enema - ansA) Purgative enema A nurse is assessing a client who complains of a burning sensation in the chest. Assessment reveals heartburn. What may have led to the development of heartburn? Partial relaxation of the pyloric sphincter Improper relaxation of the internal anal sphincter Inadequate closure of lower esophageal sphincter Impaired closure of the ileocecal valve - ansInadequate closure of lower esophageal sphincter A nurse is assessing the wound in the left arm of a client. The wound, caused by a motor vehicle accident, has torn, ragged edges. How should the nurse document the wound in the electronic medical record? A)Incision B)Abrasion C)Laceration D)Puncture - ansC)Laceration A nurse is assigned to care for a client who has a diet high in sodium. What information should the nurse provide to the client regarding the consequences of a high-sodium diet? It increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It increases cholesterol levels in the body. It causes enlargement of the thyroid gland. It increases the risk of developing osteoporosis. - ansIt increases the risk of developing osteoporosis. A nurse is attending to a group of boys at a school. The nurse is required to document the sexual development in boys on a regular basis. The nurse would anticipate which clients will have the highest incidence of experiencing nocturnal emissions? Clients who have reached adulthood Clients with strong, muscular appearance Clients in the age group of 12 to 20 years Clients who are showing pubertal changes - ansClients in the age group of 12 to 20 years
A nurse is carefully completing handwashing, including careful cleaning of fingernails. Which technique is appropriate for the procedure? Disinfection Sterile technique Surgical asepsis Medical asepsis - ansMedical asepsis A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old client who has recently undergone a thyroidectomy. Which of the following postoperative complications is most critical for the nurse to monitor when caring for this client? Peripheral edema Difficulty in breathing Bradycardia Fever - ansDifficulty in breathing A nurse is caring for a child who is a victim of family violence. During data collection, the nurse realizes that the father of the child was himself a victim of child abuse. Which factor is the primary influence on a person's parenting style? A)Families in the neighborhood B)Lectures on parenting C)Person's own upbringing D)Books on parenting - ansC)Person's own upbringing A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the healthcare facility with narcotic overdose. The client has shallow respirations, tremors, headache, weakness, altered sensorium, and fruity-smelling breath. According to the arterial blood gas evaluation, the client's pH is decreased and PCO2 is increased. Which of the following acid-base imbalances has occurred? Metabolic acidosis Respiratory alkalosis Respiratory acidosis Metabolic alkalosis - ansRespiratory acidosis A nurse is caring for a client at the community healthcare facility. The client informs the nurse that he and his partner will be adopting a child in 1 week. Which stage of family life is the client entering?
Measure all stools to monitor the output. C) Send all stools for occult blood test. D) Send all stools for a culture and sensitivity test. - ansC) Send all stools for occult blood test. A nurse is caring for a client who needs assistance while eating. What therapeutic nursing intervention should the nurse perform to make this client comfortable during meals? Allow a family member to feed the client. Provide thick liquids to the client. Teach the client to locate the food on the plate. Describe the food to the client. - ansAllow a family member to feed the client. A nurse is caring for a client whose cast has just been taken off after the treatment of his fractured hand. Which instruction should the nurse provide the client when performing exercises after the cast has been taken off? A) Maintain the same level of activity daily. B) Exercise past the point of pain for 10 minutes. C) Alter exercises as you see might be necessary to increase your activity. D) Monitor body cues of discomfort during exercise. - ansD) Monitor body cues of discomfort during exercise. A nurse is caring for a client whose cast has just been taken off after the treatment of his fractured hand. Which instruction should the nurse provide the client when performing exercises after the cast has been taken off? Monitor body cues of discomfort during exercise. Exercise past the point of pain for 10 minutes. Maintain the same level of activity daily. Alter exercises as you see might be necessary to increase your activity. - ansMonitor body cues of discomfort during exercise.
A nurse is caring for a client with a 5-month-old baby. Which is a benefit of breastfeeding that the nurse should highlight when educating the client? It decreases the risk of hepatic disorders. It decreases the risk of Crohn's disease. It decreases the chances of the baby being anemic. It decreases the incidence of renal problems. - ansIt decreases the risk of Crohn's disease. A nurse is caring for a client with history of nocturia who is confined to bed. As a nurse monitoring this case, what should be the nursing intervention for this client? A) Ensure fluid restriction during the day. B) Have client refrain from drinking cranberry juice. C) Assist the client in using incontinence pads. D) Offer the bedpan frequently. - ansD) Offer the bedpan frequently. A nurse is caring for a client with protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM). What effect of PCM should the nurse monitor for in the client? Delayed wound healing Inflamed mucous membranes of mouth Elevated heart and pulse rate Appearance of lesions on the skin - ansDelayed wound healing A nurse is caring for a client with renal calculi. What measure should the nurse employ for this client? A) Encourage the client to drink at least 1 liter of fluids daily. B) Strain all urine through a piece of gauze, cheesecloth, or strainer. C) Ask the client to try to avoid ambulating, if possible.
A nurse is caring for a client with urine retention who has been catheterized. What is the maximum amount of urine that can be removed from the bladder? 1,000 to 1,250 mL 1,500 to 1,750 mL 1,250 to 1,500 mL 750 to 1,000 mL - ans750 to 1,000 mL A nurse is caring for a dying client who belongs to an organized religious group. Why is spirituality important for individuals faced with death? Religion can support spirituality and the existence of the soul. Organized religion can ensure what will occur before the afterlife. Spirituality helps individuals to find answers to their queries regarding the meaning of death. Family and friends are unable to support an individual's organized religious beliefs. - ansReligion can support spirituality and the existence of the soul. A nurse is caring for a female client with anorexia nervosa. What would the nurse observe during the nursing assessment of the client? Alopecia Hypertension Rapid pulse Menorrhagia - ansAlopecia A nurse is caring for a female client with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). What measure should the nurse employ with this client? A) Instruct the client to take a bath with mild soap. B) Tell the client to take vitamin D tablets daily. C) Instruct the client to wipe the perineal area from back to front. D) Instruct the client to void before and after intercourse. - ansD) Instruct the client to void before and after intercourse. A nurse is changing the dry sterile dressing of a client after a colectomy. Which precaution should the nurse take when performing this procedure?
A)Prepare strips of tape before beginning the procedure. B)Cleanse wound with alcohol or soap. C)Cleanse the wound from outside to center. D)Keep the wound as moist as possible. - ansA)Prepare strips of tape before beginning the procedure. A nurse is discussing with social activist issues related to the growing population of the elderly. What is the highest priority issue that the nurse should focus on to maximize the resources within the older adult population? More flexible working and retirement schedules Opportunities for volunteer work Recognition of past contributions Financial planning 1, 2, 4 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 4 1, 3, 4 - ans1, 2, 3 A nurse is instructing a 25-year-old diabetic client regarding preventive foot care measures to be followed. Which of the following information should be included in client teaching? Massage between the toes with a good quality lotion. Use heating pads and hot water bags to increase the circulation. Avoid any kind of physical exercise to prevent injury. Place lamb's wool between overlapping toes to prevent irritation. - ansPlace lamb's wool between overlapping toes to prevent irritation. A nurse is preparing a client with severe gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) for a test to determine the extent of damage caused by the disorder. Which of the following tests would be ordered for this client? Colonoscopy Cholecystogram Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) Lower GI series - ansEsophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) A nurse is preparing to administer a parenteral medication to a client. Which technique is appropriate for the procedure?
