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NREMT Medical Emergencies Questions and
Answers
Status epilepticus - Correct answer When seizures come one on top of the other, so that there is more than 3 per hour or they last progressively longer. This is a medical emergency. What is a behavioral emergency? - Correct answer When a person acts in a way that is not considered normal or appropriate by their family or community How many EMT's should be in charge of one situation? - Correct answer 1 Describe when someone can refuse care - Correct answer 18+, Can make informed decisions, not under the influence, understand the risks associated with refusing care, sign a release form What are the five rights? - Correct answer The right patient, the right time and frequency, right dose, right route of administration, right drug What are opioid analgesics? - Correct answer Painkillers, common cause of drug poisoning What are sedative hypnotics? - Correct answer Slow down body functions; cause decreased respirations What are anticholinergics? - Correct answer Antidepressants What are cholinergics? - Correct answer Causes excretion from orifices What are inhalants? - Correct answer Airplane glue, paint, nitrous oxide, decrease respirations What are sympthomimetics? - Correct answer Imitates adrenlaine- Meth, amphetamines, cocaine, epinephrine What are hallucinogens? - Correct answer Distorts thoughts, senses, and perception
What is treatment of hypogylcemia? - Correct answer Insulin Shock What is one way of treating hyperglycemia? - Correct answer Oral Glucose What is hyperglycemia? - Correct answer When the body is not supplied with insulin How can you detect ketone production? - Correct answer Fruit Odor Breath T/F Hyperglycemic patients needs to be hospitalized - Correct answer True What is a seizure? - Correct answer Short circuit in the brain as a result of hyperactive firing of a neuron What is a grand mal seizure? - Correct answer Complete loss of consciousness followed by spasm of all the body's muscles What are petit mal seizures? - Correct answer Known as absence seizures; most common in children. lasting for seconds and is visible by twitching facial muscles/ hands What are focal motor seizures? - Correct answer Isolated muscular quivering or shaking What are febrile seizures? - Correct answer Occurs in seizures as a result of high fevers If someone has a history of diabetes what can you do? - Correct answer Administer oral glucose What is Transient Ischemic attack (TIA)? - Correct answer Passing of a blood clot through the brain that results in temporary stroke-like symptoms How long is a TIA? - Correct answer Few minutes to a few hours What are symptoms of anaphylaxis? - Correct answer Swelling of hands or feet, hives, angiodema, decreased blood pressure, coughing and difficulty breathing
Heat exhaustion is common in.... - Correct answer Seniors Symptoms of heat exhaustion... - Correct answer Heavy perspiring, nausea, and light headiness What are common risk factors for potential suicide? - Correct answer Mental disorders, previous suicide attempts, alcohol or drug abuse Suicide is most common with... - Correct answer 15-25, over 40 If you needed to restrain a patient what do you do? - Correct answer At least 5 people What is organic brain syndrome? - Correct answer A condition of the elderly as it refers to mental dysfunction What is peritonitis? - Correct answer Digestive organ bleeding, inflammation, or blockage When someone has acute abdomen pain, what do you do? - Correct answer Limit the on-scene time What do you not do if someone has acute abdomen pain? - Correct answer Nothin by mouth What is secondary survey? - Correct answer Observing the 4 quadrants, listening to sounds What is appendicitis? - Correct answer A rupture of the appendix in the right lower quadrant What is duodenal ulcer disease? - Correct answer Ulcers of stomach in upper half of the quadrant What are kidney stones? - Correct answer A mineral blockage in the kidneys, pain in lower back, radiating down to genital area What is cholecystitis? - Correct answer Inflammation of the gall bladder in upper right quadrant
What is pancreatitis? - Correct answer Inflammation of the pancreas associated with heavy drinking What is referred pain? - Correct answer When the pain is occurring in a different place than the cause of the pain What is in the upper right? - Correct answer Liver, gallbladder, top of pancreas, right kidney, part of the duodenum, part of colon Upper left - Correct answer Spleen, end of pancreas, stomach, left kidney, part of colon Lower Right - Correct answer Appendix, ascending colon, stomach, left kidney, part of colon Lower Left - Correct answer Small intestine, descending colon, left ovary How do you treat genital injuries? - Correct answer The same as abdominal or soft tissue injury Angioedema - Correct answer A puffiness of face, lips, and neck due to swelling underneath the skin; common in allergic reactions Aura - Correct answer the state of mind just before the onset of a seizure; strange feeling, some may experience visions Diabetes type-I - Correct answer Juvenile diabetes requires daily insulin injection Diabetes type-II - Correct answer Adult onset diabetes, can be controlled by diet, exercise, and weight loss Dysarthria - Correct answer Slurred speech Expressive aphasia - Correct answer Loss of speech Hemorrhagic stroke - Correct answer Rupture of a blood vessel in the brain Hyperglycemia - Correct answer high blood sugar
