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Applications of Biology is most interesting course. Its specialty is, its interesting fro everyone. This lecture also describes some applications. It includes: Nosebleed or Epistaxis, Strenuous Activity, Victim Quiet, Sitting Position, Pressure for Bleeding, Nostril Toward, Press Both Nostrils, Gauze Extending, Cold Compresses, Medical Assistance
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Usually nosebleeds are more frightening than serious Can be caused by change in altitudes, strenuous activity, high blood pressure and rupture of small vessels after a cold First aid care Keep victim quiet and remain calm Place victim in sitting position with head leaning slightly forward Apply pressure for bleeding control Press bleeding nostril toward midline If both nostrils bleeding, press both nostrils toward midline
If bleeding does not stop with pressure, insert small piece of gauze into nostril Apply pressure on outer surface Avoid cotton as fibers will shed and stick Leave portion of gauze extending out of nose so packing can be removed later Apply cold compresses to nose Obtain medical assistance if bleeding does not stop of if fracture of nose is suspected Nosebleeds can be indication of underlying condition, such as high blood pressure, that requires medical care and treatment
Airtight dressing must be placed over wound to prevent air flow in and out of wound Use aluminum foil, plastic wrap or other nonporous material Use tape or a bandage to hold nonporous material in place Maintain an open airway and provide artificial respiration as needed Position victim on injured side and elevate head and chest slightly Allows uninjured lung to expand more freely Prevents pressure on uninjured lung from blood and damaged tissue
Can result in sucking chest wounds or damage to heart and blood vessels
If object is protruding from chest (ex. Knife) Do not attempt to remove it Immobilize object by placing dressings around it and taping the dressings in position
Place victim in comfortable position
Maintain respirations
Obtain medical help immediately
Severe abdominal pain and tenderness
Visibility of protruding organs or open wounds
Nausea and vomiting (especially blood)
Rigidity of abdominal muscles
Symptoms of shock
Make no attempt to replace protruding organs
Avoid giving victim any fluids or food Victim may complain of excessive thirst Moisten lips, tongue and inside of mouth with a cool, wet cloth
Obtain medical help immediately
Control severe bleeding
Apply direct pressure with a sterile dressing Wear gloves or protective barrier to avoid skin contact with blood
Other Principles of Care for Specific Injuries
Other principles of care for specific injuries
Be alert to signs of shock in all victims and treat for shock immediately
Reassure victim constantly
Encourage victim to relax as much as possible
Direct first aid care at providing as much relief from pain as possible
