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NCLEX Comprehensive Review | 2025 Edition โ Key
Nursing Concepts, Practice Questions & Rationales
- What is the most common cause of pancreatic duct obstruction in acute pancreatitis? A stricture Severe spasms A gallstone Edema
- Why is it important for the nurse to support the husband in saying goodbye to the client? It provides emotional support and closure for the husband during a difficult time. It helps the nurse fulfill hospital protocol. It ensures the husband understands the medical situation. It allows the nurse to avoid confrontation with the husband.
- Why is it important for the nurse to ask the patient about their concerns regarding dying? It allows the nurse to discuss treatment options more effectively. It encourages the patient to think positively about their situation. It helps
the nurse to provide a prognosis of the illness. It allows the patient to express their feelings and promotes open communication.
- What are the primary complications associated with leukemia? CVA and infection
Infection is primarily caused by external factors unrelated to leukemia.
- Patient who has chrons is taking corticosteroids complaining of thirst, polyuria, blurred vision give patient orange juice Adminster oxygen Check blood glucose assess bowel sounds
- The nurse is working on an orthopedic floor. Which client should the nurse assess first after the change-of-shift report? 50 y/o postop client with a CPM device 88 y/o male post right total hip replacement with an abdominal pillow 84 y/o female fractured right femoral neck in Buck's traction 64 y/o with left total knee replacement who has confusion
- A 78-year-old client is admitted to the emergency department with numbness and weakness of the left arm and slurred speech. Which nursing intervention is a priority? Schedule for a STAT computed tomography (CT) scan of the head. Prepare to administer recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt- PA). Notify the speech pathologist for an emergency consult. Discuss the precipitating factors that caused the symptoms.
- A client with a serum sodium of 115 mEq/l has been receiving 3% NS at 50 mL/hr for 16 hours. The client complains of feeling tired and short of breath. Which of the following is the priority? Turn down the infusion Place a call to the physician Check the latest sodium level Assess for signs of fluid overload
- In a scenario where a patient with similar conditions develops severe hypotension, which intervention would be most appropriate to ensure adequate oxygen delivery? Administering a diuretic Fluid bolus administration Increasing oxygen flow to 100% Dobutamine infusion
- A 64-year-old client with a history of hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with sudden onset right-sided weakness, facial droop, and difficulty speaking. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority in the initial management of this client? Schedule for A STAT computer tomography (CT) scan of the head. Notify the speech pathologist for an emergency consultation. Prepare to administer recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt- PA). Discuss the precipitating factors that caused the symptoms.
- Why is it critical to prioritize the administration of regular insulin for a client with type 1 diabetes?
Fe+ supplements are important for recovery after surgery. Regular insulin is essential for managing blood glucose levels in a client with type 1 diabetes. Digoxin is necessary for heart function in clients with heart failure. Ancef is crucial for treating infections in all clients.
- What are two potential complications associated with full thickness electrical burns? hypotension, respiratory failure hypernatremia, hypokalemia acute kidney injury, dysrhythmia fluid volume overload, infection
- Why is it important for a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma to avoid alcohol consumption? Alcohol is beneficial for liver function. Alcohol can worsen liver damage and complicate treatment. Alcohol has no effect on liver health. Alcohol consumption is encouraged for patients with HCC.
- Why is it critical for the nurse to initiate seizure precautions for a client with a serum potassium level of 7 mEq/L? A potassium level of 7 mEq/L can lead to hyperkalemia, which increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and seizures. A potassium level of 7 mEq/L is normal and does not require any intervention.
A potassium level of 7 mEq/L indicates dehydration, requiring fluid replacement.
- What is the priority nursing intervention for a male client with end-stage pancreatic cancer who is actively dying and has a DNR order? Administer morphine and assess for relief from pain Hold administering the morphine Educate the patient about the dying process Refer the case to the ethics committee
- Why is a high-calorie, high-protein, and high-carbohydrate diet important for patients recovering from severe burns? It reduces the risk of infection. It provides essential vitamins and minerals. It supports healing and meets increased metabolic demands. It helps in weight loss during recovery.
- A patient with rheumatoid arthritis has been prescribed ibuprofen for pain management. If the patient reports new onset of dark stools, what should the nurse prioritize in their assessment? Evaluate the patient's renal function Inquire about the patient's dietary habits Monitor the patient's blood pressure Assess for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding
- What is the essential action a healthcare provider must take when caring for a
patient undergoing a liver biopsy? Move the patient to the left lateral position after the procedure
The nurse should prioritize adjusting the monitor settings over checking for bleeding. Checking for bleeding ensures patient safety by identifying potential complications early.
- Why is it important for nurses to educate families about the signs and symptoms of approaching death? It allows families to ignore the signs and focus on recovery. It ensures families will not need to be involved in care decisions. It encourages families to seek aggressive treatment options. It helps families prepare emotionally and make informed decisions about care. It prevents families from experiencing grief.
- What does an Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) of 100 indicate in a patient receiving chemotherapy? Normal immune function Increased risk of infection High platelet count Severe neutropenia
- Why is it important to administer Ondansetron before the initiation of radiation or chemotherapy? Nausea and vomiting do not occur until after therapy is completed. Ondansetron is only effective after therapy has started. Administering Ondansetron before therapy helps prevent nausea and
vomiting associated with treatment.
- Describe why a history of brain aneurysm repair is relevant to the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. It suggests better vascular health. A history of brain aneurysm repair indicates a previous vascular weakness, increasing the risk of future hemorrhagic events. It is unrelated to hypertension. Brain aneurysm repair has no impact on stroke risk.
- If a nurse discovers that a client with type 1 diabetes has not received their regular insulin on time, what should be the nurse's immediate action? Wait until the next scheduled medication time to administer the insulin. Notify the physician and wait for further instructions. Administer the regular insulin as soon as possible and monitor the client's blood glucose levels. Administer a higher dose of insulin to compensate for the delay.
- A client with Crohn's disease is taking oral prednisone daily. The client is complaining of polydipsia, polyuria, and blurred vision. What is the priority nursing action? Give the 8 ounces of orange juice Administer oxygen via nasal cannula Auscultate the client's bowel sounds Check the client's blood glucose
- What is a key lifestyle change that a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma should make according to healthcare recommendations? I should avoid all medications I should increase my alcohol intake I can consume alcohol in moderation I should not drink any alcoholic beverages
- Why is it critical for the nurse to assess the client's blood pressure and pulse before notifying the surgeon in this scenario? Checking the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is sufficient to assess the situation. Notifying the surgeon immediately is more important than assessing vital signs. Assessing the client's blood pressure and pulse helps determine the patient's hemodynamic stability and urgency of the situation. The estimated blood loss (EBL) is irrelevant in this scenario.
- Which laboratory values should be monitored in a patient with liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy? Complete blood count and liver enzymes Bilirubin and creatinine levels Blood glucose and electrolytes PT/PTT/INR and ammonia levels
- Which of the following is a common sign of the dying process that a nurse should teach family members?
Increased appetite Long periods of insomnia Frequent urination Irregular respiratory rate with periods of not breathing
- The patient admitted to the ICU is placed on pantoprazole (protonix) IVPB daily. The patient asks the nurse why they are on this medication even though they have no GI problems. What is the nurse's safest response to the patient? "It is important to trust your health care providers" "What is the reason you are asking?" "This medication will prevent stress ulcers which can be common when admitted to the hospital" "This medication prevents the transport of H ions into the gastric lumen by binding to gastric parietal cells"
- Why is administering morphine considered the priority action for a patient with end-stage pancreatic cancer who is in severe pain? Administering morphine is required by law for all patients. Morphine should only be given if the patient requests it. Administering morphine addresses the patient's severe pain, which is critical for comfort in end-of-life care. Pain management is not a priority in end-of-life care.
- What is the primary characteristic of nectar thick liquids? Nectar thick liquids are clear
Nectar thick liquids cannot be consumed Nectar thick liquids can be poured
