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NCE National Counseling Exam
2025 /202 6 Latest Update
Erikson's stages are called... - Precise Answer ✔✔psychosocial Who is the only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life span - Precise Answer ✔✔Erik Erikson Dualistic thinking is a concept stressed by... - Precise Answer ✔✔WIlliam perry Jean Piaget was what kind of psychologist - Precise Answer ✔✔child psychologist (leading name in cognitive development in children) Piaget's theory referring to the notion that a substances weight, mass and volume remain the same even if this changes shape is called.. - Precise Answer ✔✔Conservation Who is the father of american behaviorism - Precise Answer ✔✔John Watson Who is the leading theorist in moral development - Precise Answer ✔✔Lawrence Kohlberg
What are Lawrence Kohlberg's levels of moral development? - Precise Answer ✔✔3 types: Preconventional, conventional, and postconventional What is the first state of Erikson's 8 stages of development? - Precise Answer ✔✔Trust versus mistrust. What is Erikson's 8th/final stage? - Precise Answer ✔✔Integrity versus despair What is Kohlberg's highest level of morality? - Precise Answer ✔✔Postconventional morality (where the individual has self-imposed morals and ethics) What is kohlberg's 3rd stage of morality? - Precise Answer ✔✔Post Conventional The zone of proximal development was pioneered by - Precise Answer ✔✔Lev Vygotsky What is the only Freudian developmental stage which is not primarily psychosexual in nature? - Precise Answer ✔✔Latency
Freud felt morality developed from the ... - Precise Answer ✔✔super ego Who is the 'father of guidance counseling' which is meant to help individuals search for work - Precise Answer ✔✔Frank Parsons What is culture epoch theory? - Precise Answer ✔✔all culture - like children - pass through the same stages of development in terms of evolving and maturing. What is the case that resulted in the "counselor's duty to warn an intended victim of violence" - Precise Answer ✔✔The Tarasoff duty/case Who is associated with the frustration-aggression theory? - Precise Answer ✔✔John Dollard and Neal Miller Who is the father of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)? - Precise Answer ✔✔Albert Ellis. Who came up with the cognitive dissonance theory? - Precise Answer ✔✔Leon Festinger
what is cognitive dissonance theory? - Precise Answer ✔✔this theory predicts that a person will look for things which are consistent with their behavior. (to rationalize) what does the word 'emic' mean? - Precise Answer ✔✔an insider's perspective of culture; relating to, or involving analysis of cultural phenomena from the perspective of one who participates in the culture being studied. what does autoplastic mean? - Precise Answer ✔✔Change comes from within what does alloplastic mean? - Precise Answer ✔✔ What is the sleeper effect? - Precise Answer ✔✔after a period of time, one forgets the communicator but remembers the message - someone's opinion might change well after the conversation. describe the ego (Freudian) - Precise Answer ✔✔the executive administrator - controller of impulses describe the "id" - Precise Answer ✔✔a person's instincts describe the superego - Precise Answer ✔✔the conscience
skinner's operant conditioning is also referred to as... - Precise Answer ✔✔instrumental learning EEG feedback focuses on what part of the body? - Precise Answer ✔✔brain EMG feedback focuses on what part of the body? - Precise Answer ✔✔Muscles EKG feedback focuses on what part of the body? - Precise Answer ✔✔Heart Who is associated most with trait and factor career counseling? - Precise Answer ✔✔Parsons and WIlliamson what is sublimation? - Precise Answer ✔✔when a person expresses an unacceptable need in a social acceptable manner what are Holland's six employment associations? - Precise Answer ✔✔artistic, conventional, enterprising, investigative, realistic, and social. which researches were the first to emphasize developmental factors related to occupational choice? - Precise Answer ✔✔ginzberg, Ginsburg, axelrad, and herma it happened in about 1951
what is social learning? - Precise Answer ✔✔people learn not only fromm the consequences of hier own behavior but also from observing the consequences of others who coined the term "the career rainbow"? - Precise Answer ✔✔Donald Super who is associated with trait and factor matching theory - Precise Answer ✔✔E.G. Williamson what is trait and factor matching theory - Precise Answer ✔✔relies on tests and assessments to match traits, aptitude, and interests What are John Holland's six personality/work environments? - Precise Answer ✔✔realistic(doing), investigative (researcher), artistic (singer), social (teacher), enterprising (business owner), conventional (secretary, clerk). Congruence between the person and job are emphasized. who is associated with "self concept and developmental stage theory"? - Precise Answer ✔✔Donald SUper Whos is associated with "early childhood needs theory approach" (Career) - Precise Answer ✔✔Anne Roe
what are the two phases or linda gottfredson's theory of circumscription and compromise? - Precise Answer ✔✔phase one (circumscription): rule out certain jobs not acceptable for gender, stereotypes and social class phase two (compromise): change mind if career path is not truly realistic what are Edgar Schein's eight career anchors? Hint: Gas Spelt out of Schein's car. - Precise Answer ✔✔1. autonomy/independence
- security/stability
- technical/functional competence
- general managerial competence
- entrepreneurial creativity
- service/dedication to a cause
- pure challenge
- lifestyle according to satir what are the four basic patterns that prevent good family communication? - Precise Answer ✔✔placating, blaming, being overly reasonable and being irrelevant
- Precise Answer ✔✔someone must complete a unpleasant task (low probability behavior) before engaging in a pleasant task (high probability behavior)
