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NCMHCE 2024
What is a homogeneous group composed of? - members based on similarities rather than diversity (ie. same gender, presenting problem, race) To diagnose Adjustment Disorder, the client's symptoms must begin within _______ months of an identifiable stressor. Once the stressor or the consequences of the stressor are gone, symptoms cannot persist beyond _______ months. - three, six Solution Focused Brief Therapy - Focuses on solutions and not problems. Uses the miracle question, client is responsible for change, scaling, identifying exceptions, problem free talking, flagging the minefield. Used with other approaches and use for depression and anxiety, also acute symptoms as an adjustment disorder. Examples of SFBT coping questions - What is the least that you would like to achieve? What would be different in your life when you have reached your goal? How would that change make a difference for you? How will you know that your goal has been reached? This question is intended to help clients recognize their own resiliency and identify some of the ways in which they already cope with their problems effectively. The Premack Principle indicates that you can use _______-probability behavior to reinforce _______- probability behavior. - high, low Substance abuse is a common comorbidity with what disorder? - Adjustment Stress Inoculation Training involves - teaching coping skills to manage stress and anxiety. This may include training in deep muscle relaxation, cognitive restructuring, breathing exercises, assertiveness skills, thought stopping, role playing, and guided self-dialogue.
Reaction formation (defense mechanism) - when people express the opposite of their true feelings, sometimes to an exaggerated extent. Stonewalling - when someone completely shuts down in a conversation or is refusing to communicate with another person. Regression (defense mechanism) - A person goes back to an earlier or less mature state or behavior Strongest linear correlation occurs when the slope is between - 0.85 and 1 When asked to evaluate a client's level of mental functioning, you are assessing how the client functions in specific domains. You can use the acronym "ROSE" which stands for what - relational, occupational, social, and educational. When using motivational interviewing, the therapist determines which stage of change the client is currently in. What are the 5 stages of change? - Pre-contemplation: no intention of changing behavior Contemplation: aware problem exists but no commitment to action Preparation: intent on taking action to address the problem Action: active modification of behavior Maintenance: sustained change Partial remission for adhd : full criteria for the disorder has not been met for _______ months but functional impairment still exists - six
What is the push button technique? (Alderian) - Designed to show patients how they can create whatever feelings they what by thinking about them. It asks clients to remember a pleasant incident that they have experienced, become aware of feelings connected to it, and then switch to an unpleasant image and those feelings. Thus clients learn that they have the power to change their own feelings. What is the main idea of attachment based therapy? - To help clients rebuild trust & security in their relationships. What is the main objective of behavioral therapy? - To increase desirable behaviors or reduce objectionable behaviors. What is positive and negative reinforcement? (behavioral therapy) - Positive: adding a stimulus that encourages behavior to continue. Negative: removing a stimulus that encourages behavior to continue. What is positive and negative punishment? (behavioral therapy) - Positive: adding a stimulus that decreases a behavior. Negative: removing a stimulus that decreases a behavior. What are some common techniques in behavioral therapy? - Role playing & rehearsal Systematic desensitization Assertiveness and social skills training Behavior modification (positive/negative reinforcement) What is the main concept of cognitive behavioral therapy? - Our thoughts drive our feelings and behaviors, not external events or people 4 important concepts of DBT -
Mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotional regulation, interpersonal efectiveness What is the main concept of gestalt therapy? - Looking at the person as a whole, the whole is greater than the parts, trying to get the patients back to natural state of self-regulation. Focusing on here and now. Common gestalt therapy techniques - Empty chair: client sits across from an empty chair, representing a partner, relative, boss, or other person—or in some cases, a part of themselves—and, with the therapist's encouragement, improvises a dialog with it. Goal is to address unfinished business. Exaggeration: a therapist may ask the client to repeat and exaggerate a given movement to explore the emotions attached to it in the moment and to help them gain a greater general understanding of the connection between their emotions and their bodies. Dream work: re-enacting dreams Role play internal dialogue exercise: asking the client to imagine they are having a conversation with themselves, or another person, in which they can express their feelings and perspectives freely and openly without fear of judgment or criticism. What is the main objective in person centered therapy - To increase self-acceptance and self-esteem. Focus is on the client, not on the problem. Counseling process is determined by client. Common techniques in person centered therapy - Active listening, empathy, unconditional positive regard, congruence What is the main objective of psychodynamic therapy -
four, six Bipolar 1 vs Bipolar 2 - Bipolar 1 - more severe highs (mania), bipolar 2 - less severe highs and include depressive episodes Narrative Therapy - Re-writing your story to one that is healthier and less negative. What is dysthmia (AKA persistant depressive disorder) - milder, but long-lasting form of depression. Chronic depressed mood persists at least 2 years. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is characterized by a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative and defiant behavior, and vindictiveness and requires a duration of at least _________ months for the diagnosis. - Six Manifested by the appearance of emotional or behavioral symptoms as a reaction to definitive stress- inducing events, with such symptoms making their appearance within_____ months of the event(s). Symptoms include one or both of the following: Severe distress that is disproportionate to the intensity of the stress-producing event, significant deterioration in key areas of functioning. Once the stress-producing event(s) or its consequences have ceased, symptoms endure for no more than _______ months. - three, six What are three important concepts in Adlerian therapy (AKA individual therapy)? - Birth order, inferiority complex, superiority complex What therapy method uses techniques such as exploring family constellation, push-button technique, acting as-if - Adlerian therapy AKA individual therapy
What is the acting as-if technique? (Adlerian) - asking the client to act as if a certain behavior or attitude were true, even if it is not What therapy helps find basic mistakes in a client's private logic? - Adlerian therapy AKA individual therapy What are happiness and success largely related to in Adlerian therapy? - Social connectedness What does an Adlerian therapist hope clients will achieve after sessions? - A contribution to society Difference between reflection of feeling vs reflection of meaning - reflection of feeling - reflecting client's emotions reflection of meaning - helps client explore meaning behind their feelings What therapy emphasizes utilizing current strengths and resources to achieve a desired outcome? - SFBT ______________ is a technique from Gestalt therapy that encourages individuals to focus on their present moment experience to help them become aware of their emotions and sensations. - Focusing What therapy emphasizes identifying, experiencing, and processing emotions? - Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) Holding your own values internally and not allowing them to impact your work with the client is called what? -
What is a differential diagnosis? - a list of possible conditions that share the same symptoms Removing a consequence to increase appropriate behavior is ___________ reinforcement - negative This Adlerian therapy technique addresses self-defeating beliefs and behaviors by uncovering hidden goals and motivations that influence the individual's behaviors and experiences. It involves understanding the client's family constellation, early recollections, and dreams. Then, the therapist and client collaboratively evaluate these patterns to identify and change maladaptive lifestyle patterns. - Lifestyle assessment _______ is used in CBT and combines relaxation skills with self-talk, role-playing, rehearsal, and/or systematic desensitization to help individuals master highly stressful events or circumstances. - Stress innoculation
