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MN551 Unit 6: Gastrointestinal System - Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

A collection of multiple-choice questions and answers related to the gastrointestinal system, covering topics such as hepatitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and related conditions. It is a valuable resource for students studying the gastrointestinal system, offering a comprehensive overview of key concepts and clinical scenarios.

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2024/2025

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MN551 UNIT 6 SIMILAR QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
"The nurse is caring for a client with hepatitis and jaundice. The nurse recognizes that without
sufficient circulating bile salts the client will have intolerance to which of these ingested
substances? - CORRECT ANSWER fats"
"Four weeks after returning from a tropical vacation, a 40 year-old man has presented to the
emergency department with malaise, nausea and yellow sclera. Serology has confirmed a
diagnosis of hepatitis A (HAV). What teaching is most appropriate for this client? - CORRECT
ANSWER A vaccine before your trip would have prevented this, but your body will rid itself of
the virus in time."
"A client who has been diagnosed with acute symptomatic viral hepatitis is now in the icteric
period. The nurse would expect the client to manifest: - CORRECT ANSWER Severe pruritus
and liver tenderness"
"When caring for the client with Laennec's cirrhosis, the nurse recognizes which of these is an
expected etiology of jaundice? - CORRECT ANSWER Impaired uptake of billirubin"
"When teaching a client at the GI clinic about chronic pancreatitis, which of these does the nurse
relate is the long term result of this condition? - CORRECT ANSWER Progressive destruction of
the organ"
"When assessing a client with acute cholecystitis, the nurse anticipates the client's report of pain
will be consistent with which of these descriptions? - CORRECT ANSWER Pain in the right
upper quadrant referred to the same shoulder"
"When assessing the nutritional intake of a client with generalized pancreatic cancer, which of
these statements by the client is consistent with the disease and food intake? - CORRECT
ANSWER Client states pain becomes worse with food intake."
"The client has right upper quadrant pain caused by acute choledocholithiasis. The health care
provider suspects the common bile duct is obstructed, based on which of the flowing lab values?
CORRECT ANSWER Bilirubin 15 mg/dL (high)"
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Download MN551 Unit 6: Gastrointestinal System - Multiple Choice Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

MN551 UNIT 6 SIMILAR QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS

"The nurse is caring for a client with hepatitis and jaundice. The nurse recognizes that without sufficient circulating bile salts the client will have intolerance to which of these ingested

substances? - CORRECT ANSWER fats"

"Four weeks after returning from a tropical vacation, a 40 year-old man has presented to the emergency department with malaise, nausea and yellow sclera. Serology has confirmed a

diagnosis of hepatitis A (HAV). What teaching is most appropriate for this client? - CORRECT

ANSWER A vaccine before your trip would have prevented this, but your body will rid itself of

the virus in time." "A client who has been diagnosed with acute symptomatic viral hepatitis is now in the icteric

period. The nurse would expect the client to manifest: - CORRECT ANSWER Severe pruritus

and liver tenderness" "When caring for the client with Laennec's cirrhosis, the nurse recognizes which of these is an

expected etiology of jaundice? - CORRECT ANSWER Impaired uptake of billirubin"

"When teaching a client at the GI clinic about chronic pancreatitis, which of these does the nurse

relate is the long term result of this condition? - CORRECT ANSWER Progressive destruction of

the organ" "When assessing a client with acute cholecystitis, the nurse anticipates the client's report of pain

will be consistent with which of these descriptions? - CORRECT ANSWER Pain in the right

upper quadrant referred to the same shoulder" "When assessing the nutritional intake of a client with generalized pancreatic cancer, which of

these statements by the client is consistent with the disease and food intake? - CORRECT

ANSWER Client states pain becomes worse with food intake."

"The client has right upper quadrant pain caused by acute choledocholithiasis. The health care provider suspects the common bile duct is obstructed, based on which of the flowing lab values?

CORRECT ANSWER Bilirubin 15 mg/dL (high)"

"The client in the GI clinic tells the nurse she is concerned she has something wrong with her gallbladder like what her friend with gallstones and inflammation had. Which of these complaints

does the nurse recognize that supports the client's concern? - CORRECT ANSWER Intolerance

to greasy food; burping" "All diseases have risk factors. What is the most significant environmental risk factor for

pancreatic cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER cigs"

"A 51 year-old male professional is in the habit of consuming 6 to 8 rum and cokes each evening after work. He assures the nurse practitioner who is performing his regular physical exam that his drinking is under control and does not have negative implications for his work or family life. How

could the nurse best respond to the client's statement? - CORRECT ANSWER "When your

body has to regularly break down that much alcohol, your blood and the functional cells in your liver accumulate a lot of potentially damaging toxic byproducts."" "The nurse is assessing a client who has just been admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of

cholelithiasis. The nurse is aware that the client may manifest: - CORRECT ANSWER ruq"

"A 51 year-old male has been diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver disease. He admits to the nurse he does not understand what the liver does in the body. Which of these statements best

explains the liver's function? - CORRECT ANSWER The liver metabolizes most components of

food and also cleans the blood of bacteria and drugs." "A 40 year-old man who uses heroin intravenously was diagnosed with hepatitis C (HCV) one year ago and now has chronic viral hepatitis. Which of the following statements by the client to his

care provider would warrant correction by the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWER it is at least a bit

reassuring that my liver isn't undergoing damage when I'm not experiencing symptoms." "A client tells the nurse that he is concerned about developing hepatitis after being exposed to

contaminated feces, saliva, and food. The nurse is aware that the client is at risk for: - CORRECT

ANSWER hep a"

"A client with a history of cancer that metastasized to the liver has arrived at the outpatient clinic to have a paracentesis performed. The physician anticipates that the client will have more than 5 L of fluid removed. The physician has prescribed intravenous albumin following the procedure.

The client asks why she needs, "more fluids in my vein?" The nurse responds: - CORRECT

ANSWER "Albumin is a volume expander. Since a lot of fluid was removed, you have a decrease

"What laboratory markers are most commonly used to diagnose acute pancreatitis? - CORRECT

ANSWER Lipase and amylase"

"Ascites is an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity and usually occurs in advanced

cirrhosis. What is the treatment of choice for ascites? - CORRECT ANSWER Diuretics"

"A patient is admitted with an intestinal obstruction with abdominal bloating. Which of the

following types of treatment does the nurse know will help decompress the bowel? - CORRECT

ANSWER Nasogastric tube to suction"

"The parietal cells of the stomach produce hydrochloric acid to protect the mucosal covering from gastric erosion. The nurse understands that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) produces an enzyme that enables its survival in this acidic environment. Which of the following enzymes does

H. pylori produce? - CORRECT ANSWER urease"

"A 28-year-old man presents with complaints of diarrhea, fecal urgency, and weight loss. His stool is light-colored and malodorous, and it tends to float and be difficult to flush. He has also noted tender, red bumps on his shins and complains of pain and stiffness in his elbows and knees. Sigmoidoscopy reveals discontinuous, granulomatous lesions; no blood is detected in his stool.

Which of the following diagnoses would his care team first suspect? - CORRECT ANSWER

chron disease" "Celiac disease commonly presents in infancy as failure to thrive. It is an inappropriate T-cell- mediated immune response, and there is no cure for it. What is the treatment of choice for celiac

disease? - CORRECT ANSWER Removal of gluten from the diet"

"A nurse administering a patient's medication tells the patient that a proton pump inhibitor has been added. When the patient asks the purpose of the medication, the nurse responds that it is to

prevent which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER stress ulcer"

"Select the client at greatest risk for developing colorectal cancer. - CORRECT ANSWER A 64-

year-old female whose mother had colorectal cancer" "A patient presents with a perforated peptic ulcer. Which of the following complications would be

a priority for the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWER Assessment of a rigid, boardlike abdomen"

"Crohn's disease is recognized by sharply demarcated, granulomatous lesions that are surrounded by normal-appearing mucosal tissue. The nurse recognizes these lesions to be

defined by which of the following descriptions? - CORRECT ANSWER cobblestone"

"A patient is admitted with an abrupt onset of referred pain to the epigastric area, with an episode of nausea. On the nurse's initial assessment, the patient is lying still and taking shallow

breaths, with a rigid abdomen. Which of the following problems is the patient experiencing? -

CORRECT ANSWER Peritonitis"

"A nurse is completing an abdominal assessment on a patient suspected to have appendicitis. When the nurse applies and then releases pressure in the patient's right lower quadrant, the patient experiences tenderness. The nurse is documenting the presence of which of the

following? - CORRECT ANSWER Rebound tenderness"

"The cause of gastric carcinomas has been influenced by which of the following factors? Select all

that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER • Family history

  • Environmental factors
  • Strain of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)" "Parents of a 20-month-old infant report that he refuses food or eats poorly and that he grimaces when he swallows. He also is irritable and cries a lot. The mother is worried that he ate something inappropriate this morning, because he vomited something that looked like coffee grounds.

Which of the following health problems would the care team first suspect? - CORRECT

ANSWER Esophagitis from gastrointestinal reflux"

"A patient is admitted to the medical surgical unit with a history of inflammatory bowel disease. The nurse knows that the clinical manifestations of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are

the result of activation of which of the following cells? - CORRECT ANSWER Inflammatory"

"After several months of persistent heartburn, a 57 year-old female client has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following treatment regimens is likely

to best address the woman's health problem? - CORRECT ANSWER Proton pump inhibitors;

avoiding large meals; remaining upright after meals" "A client is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of strangulated bowel. The nurse

anticipates the client will need: - CORRECT ANSWER Surgery to release the bowel"

"Pharmacologic treatment for peptic ulcers has changed over the past several decades. The nurse

knows that the goal for pharmacologic treatment is focused on which of the following? -

CORRECT ANSWER Eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)"

"The incidence of stomach cancer has significantly decreased in the United States, yet it remains the leading cause of death worldwide. The nurse understands the reason for the high mortality

rate in stomach cancer is because of which of the following reasons? - CORRECT ANSWER

Patients have few early symptoms of the disease." "A number of clients on a geriatric subacute medical floor of a hospital have developed foul- smelling diarrhea over the last several days, and subsequent culture of stool samples has confirmed the presence of Clostridium difficile in each case. The care team on the unit would recognize that which of the following factors likely contributed to the health problem and would

anticipate which of the following treatments? - CORRECT ANSWER The use of broad spectrum

antibiotics likely played a role in the developments of the infections, and most clients would likely receive metronidazole as a treatment." "Treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) requires combination therapy that includes which

of the following medications? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER • Bismuth salts

  • Omeprazole
  • Amoxicillin" "A nurse is conducting a health promotion class on healthy cooking. The nurse includes the importance of ensuring that all hamburgers are cooked completely before ingesting to prevent

which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER E.colie"

"Symptoms of gastric cancer include vague epigastric pain, which makes early detection difficult. The nurse would expect a patient to undergo which of the following diagnostic examinations to

determine the location of the gastric cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER barium x-ray"

"The nurse is teaching her patient with hepatobiliary disease about her diet. She tells her that she

may have steatorrhea, which is the malabsorption of which dietary component? - CORRECT

ANSWER fat"

"In patients with acute diarrhea, many require no treatment. However, the nurse knows the

priority assessment in all patients with diarrhea is which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER

Fluid and electrolyte status"

"A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with Crohn disease about potential complications. The

most appropriate information for the nurse to include would be: - CORRECT ANSWER Fistula

formation" "An elderly patient with a history of severe constipation tells the nurse that he has been experiencing watery stool and fecal incontinence the last 2 days. The nurse suspects which of the

following? - CORRECT ANSWER Fecal impaction"

"During a lecture about the function of the intestine related to food digestion, the faculty

mentions that when the students consume foods high in acid, the intestines will: - CORRECT

ANSWER stimulate the release of secretin which then inhibits release of gastrin."

"The common bile duct opens into which of the following parts of the gastrointestinal tract? -

CORRECT ANSWER duodenum"

"A student is studying gallbladder function. Which of the following gastrointestinal hormones

stimulates contraction of the gallbladder? - CORRECT ANSWER Cholecystokinin"

"Place the following components of the gastrointestinal tract in the chronological order that a

bolus of food would pass through them. Use all the options. - CORRECT ANSWER • Ileum

  • Pylorus
  • Jejunum
  • Hiatus
  • Cecum
  • Duodenum" "A hospitalized older adult asks the nurse how he acquired Clostridium difficile while taking an

antibiotic medication. Which is the best response by the nurse? - CORRECT ANSWER "The

administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the normal microbial balance and allow overgrowth of species."" "While reviewing the colonic absorption and role of flora in the GI system, the instructor will

stress that the large intestine contains: - CORRECT ANSWER a complex microbial system that

contains hundreds of different species."

"The swallowing reflex is an entirely voluntary activity. - CORRECT ANSWER False"

causing severe vasoconstriction of the renal vessels? - CORRECT ANSWER Angiotensin II and

ADH."

"The nurse is caring for a client with a condition of deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

When assessing the client, which of these findings does the nurse anticipate? - CORRECT

ANSWER Excessive urine output"

"Which substance, released by the atria, causes vasodilation of the afferent and efferent

arterioles, which results in an increase in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? -

CORRECT ANSWER Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)"

"The nurse is instructing a client on the procedure for obtaining a voided urine specimen to bring the laboratory for analysis. Which is the most important information for the nurse to tell the

client? - CORRECT ANSWER Obtain the first-voided morning specimen."

"The anemia that occurs with end-stage kidney disease is often caused by the kidneys

themselves. What loss of function in the kidney results in anemia of end-stage kidney disease? -

CORRECT ANSWER Produce erythropoietin"

"Which of the following medications may be responsible for a client developing increased uric

acid levels by decreasing ECF volume? - CORRECT ANSWER Thiazide diuretics"

"Urine is a amber, light-yellow fluid that is 5% dissolved solid. What percent of it is water? -

CORRECT ANSWER 95"

"When teaching the client with gout about the cause of the disease, which of these should the

nurse relate? - CORRECT ANSWER Increased levels of uric acid in the blood cause gout."

"A client has just been admitted to the emergency department after sustaining severe injuries and massive blood loss following a motor vehicle accident. The nurse predicts that the client's

glomerular filtration rate will: - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease"

"The nurse should anticipate that a client who collapsed while running his or her first marathon

and has a urine specific gravity of 1.035 is experiencing: - CORRECT ANSWER Dehydration"

"Which of the following occurrences is most likely to cause increased urination? - CORRECT

ANSWER Decrease in anti-diuretic hormone"

"A nursing student studying pharmacology is learning how angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) work. The student is correct when the student states the mechanism of action of

ACE inhibitors is which of these? - CORRECT ANSWER Prevent conversion of angiotensin I to

II"

"Urine specific gravity is normally 1.010 to 1.025 with adequate hydration. When there is loss of renal concentrating ability due to impaired renal function, low concentration levels are exhibited.

When would the nurse consider the low levels of concentration to be significant? - CORRECT

ANSWER First void in morning"

"A patient is scheduled for a creatinine clearance test to measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The patient asks the nurse what this test is used for. Which of the following is the nurse's

best response? - CORRECT ANSWER "This test provides a gauge of renal function.""

"Clients with CKD are at risk for demineralization of their bones since they are no longer able to:

CORRECT ANSWER Transform vitamin D to its active form"

"At which of the following locations in the nephron would a health care professional first expect

blood to be largely free of plasma proteins? - CORRECT ANSWER Bowman's space"

"The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the mechanism of action of common

diuretics. Which of these best reflects the mechanism of these drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER

They block the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the nephron." "An adult has a serum sample taken to evaluate the BUN-creatinine ratio. Select the result that

indicates a normal test. - CORRECT ANSWER BUN 10 mg/dL to creatinine 1 mg/dL"

"The nurse is caring for a client with profound dehydration. The nurse recognizes the body should

release ADH in this situation based on which of these types of feedback from the body? -

CORRECT ANSWER Increased serum osmolarity"

"When caring for the client with proteinuria, the nurse recognizes dysfunction in which of these

structures of the kidney allows protein to leak into the urine? - CORRECT ANSWER

Glomerulus"

causing severe vasoconstriction of the renal vessels? - CORRECT ANSWER Angiotensin II and

ADH."

"The nurse recognizes that ADH, antidiuretic hormone, exerts its effects in which of these

locations? - CORRECT ANSWER Loop of Henle"

"The nurse is explaining the role of endothelial cells in synthesizing vasoactive substances, one of

which nitric oxide. What affect does nitric oxide have on renal blood flow? - CORRECT

ANSWER Opens the renal vessels to increase blood flow"

"In the emergency department, a client arrives following a car accident. His pulse is 122; BP 88/60; respiration is 18 bpm. Urine output is 4 mL over the first hour on arrival. When in shock,

this lower urine output is primarily due to: - CORRECT ANSWER innervation of the

sympathetic nervous system causing constriction of the afferent arteriole." "A nurse is caring for a patient who has a recent history of passing calcium urinary stones. Which

of the following is a priority nursing consideration for this patient? - CORRECT ANSWER

hydration" "Which one of the following would the nurse see as being liable to cause the most serious long-

term problems? - CORRECT ANSWER Polycystic kidney disease"

"A patient is being treated with colchicine (Colcrys) for pain in the big right toe. The patient begins to complain of severe right flank pain and is diagnosed with kidney stones. Which of the following

types of kidney stones does the nurse recognize this patient is most likely affected by? -

CORRECT ANSWER URIC ACID"

"The most important information for a nurse to give a patient who has been diagnosed and

treated for a calcium oxalate stone would be to: - CORRECT ANSWER Avoid spinach and

peanuts" "A client has been diagnosed with having calcium oxalate kidney stones following intravenous pyelography. Which of the following teaching points about the treatment of the health problem

are justifiable? Select all that apply: - CORRECT ANSWER • "Extracorporeal shock-wave

lithotripsy treatment may be used to fragment larger stones."

  • "You may need to cut out cocoa, chocolate and some nuts from your diet.""

"A young woman presents with signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The nurse notes that this is the fifth UTI in as many months. What would this information lead the nurse to

believe? - CORRECT ANSWER There is possible obstruction in the urinary tract."

"Which additional physical finding would you anticipate seeing in a child suspected of having a

Wilms tumor? - CORRECT ANSWER Anomalies of the genitourinary system"

"The nurse is assessing a patient who has a unilateral obstruction of the urinary tract. The nurse

anticipates the patient may develop: - CORRECT ANSWER Increase in blood pressure"

"A patient who has had an intestinal bypass has developed a kidney stone. Which of the following

types of kidney stone does the nurse recognize that this patient will most likely be treated for? -

CORRECT ANSWER calcium"

"The nurse is reviewing the lab results of a patient with suspected nephrotic syndrome. The nurse

anticipates that the results to include: - CORRECT ANSWER Protein in the urine"

"A patient has passed a kidney stone composed of uric acid (urate). Which of the following pathological conditions is a contributing factor for the development of this type of kidney stone?

CORRECT ANSWER gout"

"The nurse suspects that a newborn infant who presents with bilateral flank masses, impaired

lung development, and oliguria may be suffering from which of the following disorders? -

CORRECT ANSWER Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPD)"

"Which laboratory findings should you expect to see in a patient diagnosed with nephritic

syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated urine protein and hypoalbuminemia"

"Which client would be considered at a higher risk for developing Goodpasture Syndrome, an

aggressive form of glomerulonephritis? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER • Elderly

person with a recent influenza infection

  • Painter working with a busy construction crew who finishes all the house painting indoor and out
  • Hair style expert who specializes in coloring [dyes] hair"

"A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse is aware that the

patient may manifest which of the following? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER

Massive proteinuria (>3.5 g/day)

  • Lipiduria
  • Generalized edema
  • Hyperlipidemia" "A 34 year-old man has been taking up to 2400 mg of ibuprofen per day following a motor vehicle several months ago and consequent chronic pain. He has recently been diagnosed with chronic analgesic nephritis as a result of his high analgesic intake. The man is surprised at the diagnosis, stating, "I thought that taking too many drugs hurt your liver if anything, not your kidneys." What

is the most appropriate response to the man's statement? - CORRECT ANSWER "Your kidneys

are vulnerable to damage because of how much blood flows through them and the fact that they break down many drugs."" "A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with kidney colic and has not yet passed the stone. Which of the following interventions should the nurse be sure to include when

planning the care for this patient? - CORRECT ANSWER Strain the urine."

"Which of the following is a nonsurgical method of treatment for renal calculi (kidney stones)? -

CORRECT ANSWER ESWL"

"The primary care provider for a newly admitted hospital client has added the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to the blood work scheduled for this morning. The client's GFR results return

as 50 mL/minute/1.73 m2. The nurse explains to the client that this result represents: -

CORRECT ANSWER A loss of over half the client's normal kidney function"

"An 86-year-old female client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of dehydration and hyponatremia after she curtailed her fluid intake to minimize urinary incontinence. The client's admitting laboratory results are suggestive of prerenal failure. The nurse should be

assessing this client for which of the following early signs of prerenal injury? - CORRECT

ANSWER Sharp decrease in urine output"

"The nurse is instructing a patient with advanced kidney disease (AKD) about a dietary regimen. Which of the following restrictions should the nurse be sure to include in the treatment plan to

decrease the progress of renal impairment in people with AKD? - CORRECT ANSWER Dietary

protein"

"Bruising of the skin is a manifestation of bleeding disorders in patients with CKD. - CORRECT

ANSWER T"

"A 42 year-old male has been diagnosed with renal failure secondary to diabetes mellitus and is scheduled to begin dialysis soon. Which of the following statements by the client reflects an

accurate understanding of the process of hemodialysis? - CORRECT ANSWER "I won't be able

to go about my normal routine during treatment."" "The GFR is considered to be the best measure of renal function. What is used to estimate the

GFR? - CORRECT ANSWER Serum creatinine"

"A drug abuser was found unconscious after shooting up heroin 2 days prior. Because of the pressure placed on the hip and arm, the client has developed rhabdomyolysis. The nurse knows

this can: - CORRECT ANSWER Obstruct the renal tubules with myoglobin and damage tubular

cells" "The nurse is reviewing the diagnosis of four male clients. Select the diagnosis that places the

clients at risk for developing postrenal kidney failure. - CORRECT ANSWER Prostatic

hyperplasia" "A family physician is providing care for a 61 year-old obese male who has a history of diabetes and hypertension. Blood work has indicated that the man has a GFR of 51 mL/min with elevated serum creatinine levels. Which of the following statements will the physician most likely provide

to the client in light of these results? - CORRECT ANSWER "Your chronic kidney disease has

likely been caused by your diabetes and high blood pressure."" "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can provoke many cardiovascular changes. The nurse will monitor

for which of the following in a client with CKD? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER •

Congestive heart failure

  • Impaired platelet function
  • Hypertension
  • Pericarditis" "Which of the following phenomena contributes to the difficulties with absorption, distribution

and elimination of drugs that is associated with kidney disease? - CORRECT ANSWER

Reductions in plasma proteins increase the amount of free drug and decrease the amount of protein-bound drug."

"The nurse recognizes that renal failure has many underlying causes, including which of the

following? Select all that apply - CORRECT ANSWER • Nonrenal urological abnormalities

  • Systemic disease
  • Renal disease" "Neuromuscular disorders can be triggered by CKD. For those clients on dialysis, approximately

two thirds suffer from what peripheral neuropathy? - CORRECT ANSWER restless legs"

"The health care provider is comparing results of a client's recent GFR measurement. Which of

the following results would be interpreted as normal? - CORRECT ANSWER 120 to 130

mL/minute" "The nurse is preparing to assess a client who has just been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of prerenal failure. Which would the nurse expect the client to manifest? Select all that

apply. - CORRECT ANSWER • Increased BUN

  • BUN-to-serum creatinine ratio of greater than 20:
  • Decreased urinary output" "The nurse assessing a renal failure patient for encephalopathy caused by high uremic levels may

observe which of the following clinical manifestations? - CORRECT ANSWER Loss of recent

memory and inattention." "A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has developed asterixis. The nurse knows that

asterixis is which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER Dorsiflexion of hands and feet"

"While assessing a peritoneal dialysis client in his or her home, the nurse notes that the fluid draining from the abdomen is cloudy, is white in color, and contains a strong odor. The nurse

suspects this client has developed a serious complication known as: - CORRECT ANSWER

Peritonitis"

"The nurse recognizes that acute renal injury is characterized by which of the following? -

CORRECT ANSWER Rapid decline in renal function"

"The clinical nurse educator on a nephrology unit of a large, urban hospital is orientating recent nursing graduates to the unit. Which of the following teaching points about acute tubular

necrosis (ATN) should the educator include in the orientation session? - CORRECT ANSWER

"Trauma, burns and major surgery are common precursors to ATN.""

"Vitamin D metabolism is deranged in clients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse

recognizes that which of the following statements regarding vitamin D is correct? - CORRECT

ANSWER Kidneys convert inactive vitamin D to its active form, calcitriol."

"A client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is experiencing nausea and vomiting.

Which would be the best instruction for the nurse to provide? - CORRECT ANSWER Restrict

intake of dietary protein" "A patient sustained acute tubular injury approximately 2 hours ago. Which of the following

phases of this disorder does the nurse recognize that the patient is in at this time? - CORRECT

ANSWER Initiating phase"

"A nurse is assessing a client for early manifestations of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which

would the nurse expect the client to display? - CORRECT ANSWER Hypertension"

"Which of the following types of pharmacological therapy does the nurse anticipate administering to a patient for treatment of a spastic bladder in order to decrease bladder

hyperactivity? - CORRECT ANSWER Anticholinergic medications"

"A patient will sense fullness of the bladder when the bladder contains what amount of urine? -

CORRECT ANSWER 400mL"

"A patient is admitted with lower urinary tract obstruction and stasis. Which of the following is

the primary intervention? - CORRECT ANSWER Urinary catheterization"

"The nursing student, while studying anatomy and physiology, correctly identifies which of the

following to be responsible for carrying urine to the bladder? - CORRECT ANSWER ureters"

"A nurse is caring for a patient in spinal shock. Which of the following interventions is appropriate

in relation to the patient's urinary status? - CORRECT ANSWER Perform intermittent

catheterization" "The client has just been diagnosed with bladder cancer and asks the nurse what causes it. Which

of the following would be the nurse's best response to the client? - CORRECT ANSWER "The

cause is unknown.""