Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction: Certified Exam Study Guide, Exams of Nursing

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Chapter 12:MEIOSIS AND

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Multiple Choice

1. In asexual reproduction, new combinations of genes arise by a. mutation. b. random segregation of chromosomes into gametes. c. random assortment of gametes. d. crossing over. e. new combinations of genes do not occur. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.1 Why sex? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
2. Which reproductive strategy would allow the most rapid adaptation to a changing environment? a. asexual reproduction b. sexual reproduction c. simultaneous sexual and asexual reproduction d. switching between sexual and asexual reproduction e. neither strategy is more adaptive than any other ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.1 Why sex? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
3. Asexually produced daughter cells are a. identical to each other. b. identical to the mother cell. c. different from the mother cell. d. different from each other. e. identical to each other and identical to the mother cell. ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.1 Why sex? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
4. Sexual reproduction a. leads to uniform characteristics in a population.

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KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified

5. Which process is absolutely necessary for sexual reproduction to occur in a life cycle, but is not necessarily required for organisms that only reproduce asexually? a. prokaryotic fission b. mitosis c. meiosis d. cytokinesis e. karyokinesis ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
6. The essence of meiosis is that cells are formed that: a. receive one copy of each member of each pair of homologous chromosomes. b. receive two copies of each member of each pair of homologous chromosomes. c. receive one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes. d. receive two members of each pair of homologous chromosomes. e. are exact copies of the parent cell. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified
7. If meiosis did not occur in sexually reproducing organisms,. a. the zygote would be haploid. b. gametes would be haploid. c. mitosis would be sufficient. d. the chromosome number would double in each generation. e. eggs would be diploid but sperm would be haploid. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction?

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KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand

8. A parent cell of a certain organism has 16 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis. The resulting cells will have how many chromosomes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4

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KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified

11. Identify the locations in Exhibit 12.3 where sperm are produced. a. A b. B c. C d. B and D

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e. A and C ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified

12. Copies of chromosomes linked together at their centromeres at the beginning of meiosis are called chromatids. a. mother b. daughter c. sister d. homologous e. duplicated ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified
13. Meiosis typically results in the production of a. 2 diploid cells. b. 4 diploid cells. c. 4 haploid cells. d. 2 haploid cells. e. 1 triploid cell. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
14. During meiosis II a. cytokinesis results in the formation of a total of two cells. b. sister chromatids of each chromosome are separated from each other. c. homologous chromosomes pair up. d. homologous chromosomes separate. e. sister chromatids exchange parts.

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c. interphase d. prophase II e. anaphase II ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply NOTES: Modified

16. The sister chromatids become separated during of meiosis. a. metaphase I b. anaphase I c. telophase I d. anaphase II e. prophase II ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.3 What happens to a cell during meiosis? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply
17. Each of the cells formed after meiosis I are: a. diploid. b. tetraploid. c. in synapsis. d. ready to be fertilized. e. haploid. ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.3 What happens to a cell during meiosis? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified

Selecting the Exception

18. Sister chromatids are joined at the centromere in all of the stages of meiosis listed below except a. metaphase II. b. anaphase II.

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c. telophase I. d. metaphase I. e. prophase II. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.3 What happens to a cell during meiosis? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand

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OTHER: Selecting the Exception NOTES: Modified

22. Homologous chromosomes separate during a. anaphase I. b. anaphase II. c. metaphase I. d. metaphase II.

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e. telophase II. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.3 What happens to a cell during meiosis? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply

23. Crossing over usually occurs in which of the following stages of meiosis? a. prophase I b. interphase c. anaphase II d. metaphase I e. telophase II ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of parental alleles? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
24. The process of 'crossing over': a. generally results in binary fission b. involves nucleoli c. involves breakages and exchanges being made between sister chromatids d. involves breakages and exchanges being made between homologous chromosomes e. involves random assortment of homologues during metaphase ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of parental alleles? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified
25. During which phase of meiosis will the chromosomes appear as closely associated packets of four chromatids? a. anaphase I b. telophase II c. anaphase II d. prophase I e. metaphase II ANSWER: d

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c. the number of chromosomes allotted to each daughter cell must be halved. d. homologous chromatids must be separated into different daughter cells. e. it decreases genetic diversity. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of parental alleles? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified

27. Which of the following is most probable at a metaphase I alignment? a. All maternal chromosomes are on the same side. b. All paternal chromosomes are on the same side. c. Each side has a mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes. d. Each side consists of half paternal and half maternal chromosomes. e. All of these are equally probable. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of parental alleles? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
28. If a diploid organism has a genome consisting of 4 chromosomes, it can produce different combinations of chromosomes (disregarding crossing over). a. 4 b. 8 c. 12 d. 16 e. 64 ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of parental alleles? LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BCA.SES.11 Bloom's: application - Bloom's: application KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
29. A child more strongly resembles the maternal grandmother than the maternal grandfather. One explanation could be due to random chromosome alignment during which stage of the mother's gamete formation? a. prophase I

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b. metaphase I c. telophase I d. metaphase II e. anaphase II ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of parental alleles?

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NOTES: Modified

33. Meiosis functions in. a. asexual reproduction of single-celled eukaryotes b. growth in multicelled species c. sexual reproduction d. asexual reproduction of single-celled eukaryotes and growth and tissue repair in multicelled species e. cellular repair in multicelled species

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ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.1 Why sex? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified

34. Meiosis the parental chromosome number. a. doubles b. halves c. maintains d. mixes up e. quadrupils ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.2 Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember NOTES: Modified
35. Crossing over mixes up. a. chromosomes that are not homologous pairs b. alleles on homologous pairs c. zygotes d. gametes e. sister chromatids ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Section 12.4 How does meiosis give rise to new combinations of paternal alleles? KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand NOTES: Modified
36. The stage of meiosis that makes descendant cells haploid is. a. prophase I b. prophase II c. anaphase I d. anaphase II