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CORK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
INSTITIÚID TEICNEOLAÍOCHTA CHORCAÍ
Autumn Examinations 2011
Module Title: Biomedical Instrumentation 1
Module Code: BIOE
School: Mechanical & Process Engineering
Programme Title: BEng (Honours) in Biomedical Engineering – Year 2
Programme Code: EBIOM_8_Y
External Examiner(s): Mr G. Clerkin, Prof. D. FitzPatrick Internal Examiner(s): Mr G. Flynn
Instructions: Answer four questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Duration: 2 Hours
Sitting: Autumn 2011
Requirements for this examination:
Note to Candidates: Please check the Programme Title and the Module Title to ensure that you have received the correct examination. If in doubt please contact an Invigilator.
Q.
(a) Incorporate in the electrical safety design of an electro-medical device (for both the Electrosurgical and Spo2 inputs), measures that will ensure that in a fault condition leakage current will not flow in patient applied parts. Use diagrams to explain your answer.
What tests would you recommend and what measurements would you expect that would ensure compliance?
What hospital environment could this device be suitable to be used in?
(10 marks)
(b) What features would you recommend in the design of an Intensive Care Unit or an Operating Theatre to ensure that in the event that patient auxiliary current flows, the Patient is not harmed. Use diagrams to explain your answer. How would you ensure that this design will be effective? What test would you carry out to ensure that this design feature is functioning correctly
(7 marks)
(c) What design features would you employ to reduce the possibility of “capacitive leakage current”, from occurring. What IEC60601 symbol or symbol’s would be used to alert a user, that the device has enclosure leakage current protection? If this device was to be used in a dusty external environment what additional design features would be necessary?
(8 marks)
(c) Design an electronic Non Invasive measuring device to produce a measurement of blood pressure. Use diagrams to explain in detail the functions of your design. Describe how you would determine a patients BP with this manometer
(11 marks)
Q.
(a) Design an electronic system to process the SPO2 signal of a Pulse Oximetery
system. Explain in detail why the transducer used in your design will provide accurate measurements and how unwanted signals are disregarded. Use diagrams and typical waveforms expected and why it has these characteristics.
(10 marks)
(b) What are the functional components in Pulse Oximetry? Use diagrams to explain your answer. What wavelengths are used in Pulse Oximetry? What transmitters and detectors are used, why are they chosen?
(8 marks)
(c) In Oximetery explain the following term Photoplethysmography. When measuring Pulse Oximetry what is one measuring? Why measure it at the peripheries of the body? What diagnostic conclusions can be derived from measuring Pulse Oximetry
(7 marks)
Q.
(a) Design a closed loop control system, for an adult ventilator, to prevent Oxygen concentrations in the breath delivery to a Patient dropping below 21%. Incorporate in your design, a method to detect disconnection of a patient circuit. If this was to occur, design a method to alert the user. Use diagrams to support your answer
(12 marks)
(b) Design a methodology to prevent a Patient’s lungs from being unavoidable stressed on breath delivery. Use diagrams to support your answer include typical measurements.
(5 marks)
(c) Design methods to ensure the following
(1) That a blockage in a patient circuit is detected (2) The delivered gas is humidified (3) That water vapour does not build up in the patient circuit. (4) Correct minute volume is delivered to the Patient
Where in the patient circuit would you introduce these designs, use diagrams to explain your answer?
(8 marks)
