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MDARD pesticide exam 2025, Michigan applicator certification, IPM strategies, pesticide la, Exams of Public Health

University of HertfordshirePublic Health

Extensive 2025/2026 MDARD Michigan Core Pesticide Applicator study guide with certified questions and answers on integrated pest management (IPM), pesticide formulations, resistance prevention, environmental protection, PPE, label interpretation, first aid, drift control, application methods, and legal compliance under FIFRA and state regulations

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 04/18/2025

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MDARD Michigan Core Pesticide Applicator Exam.
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated
2025/2026
Using barriers to prevent pests from getting into an area is an example of which type of
pesticide management method? - ansMechanical
Making use of plant varieties that are naturally resistant to insect feeding is an example of
which type of pest management method? - ansGenetic
Which of the statements about biological control is true?
a) Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is recommended in bio control
b) Biological control involves importing exotic pests to control natural enemies
c) Using several cultural practices and a wide variety of pesticides works best in biological
control - ansa) Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is recommended in bio
control
Sealing building cracks and small openings is an example of what kind of pest management
method? - ansPhysical
Which statement about cultural control practices is true?
a) They reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival
b) They use naturally derived or synthesized chemicals to control pests
c) they involve the release of parasites and predators found in foreign countries - ansa) They
reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival
Monitoring pests at airports and ocean ports that pose a serious threat to public health or
widespread damage to crops or animals is an example of which type of pest management
method? - ansRegulatory
Which statements about pest management strategies in IPM is true?
a) The goal is to prevent pests from reaching damaging levels
b) Eradication is never the goal of an IPM program
c) Nonchemical methods are short-term solutions to control pests - ansa) The goal is to
prevent pests from reaching damaging levels
Which would be considered a preventative pest management strategy?
a) Planting weed- and disease-free seed on an athletic field
b) Releasing natural enemies to help reduce pest populations
c) Removing a pest that is a public health concern from an area - ansa) Planting weed- and
disease-free seed on an athletic field
Which statement about action thresholds is true?
a) The IPM technician needs to implement control measures below the action threshold level
b) The action threshold for a pest may be set at a 0 pest population density
c) In an urban landscape, action thresholds are usually more related to economics than
aesthetics - ansb) The action threshold for a pest may be set at a 0 pest population density
Which would increase the likelihood of pesticide resistance?
a) An insect that has 1 generation per year
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Partial preview of the text

Download MDARD pesticide exam 2025, Michigan applicator certification, IPM strategies, pesticide la and more Exams Public Health in PDF only on Docsity!

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

Using barriers to prevent pests from getting into an area is an example of which type of pesticide management method? - ansMechanical Making use of plant varieties that are naturally resistant to insect feeding is an example of which type of pest management method? - ansGenetic Which of the statements about biological control is true? a) Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is recommended in bio control b) Biological control involves importing exotic pests to control natural enemies c) Using several cultural practices and a wide variety of pesticides works best in biological control - ansa) Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is recommended in bio control Sealing building cracks and small openings is an example of what kind of pest management method? - ansPhysical Which statement about cultural control practices is true? a) They reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival b) They use naturally derived or synthesized chemicals to control pests c) they involve the release of parasites and predators found in foreign countries - ansa) They reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival Monitoring pests at airports and ocean ports that pose a serious threat to public health or widespread damage to crops or animals is an example of which type of pest management method? - ansRegulatory Which statements about pest management strategies in IPM is true? a) The goal is to prevent pests from reaching damaging levels b) Eradication is never the goal of an IPM program c) Nonchemical methods are short-term solutions to control pests - ansa) The goal is to prevent pests from reaching damaging levels Which would be considered a preventative pest management strategy? a) Planting weed- and disease-free seed on an athletic field b) Releasing natural enemies to help reduce pest populations c) Removing a pest that is a public health concern from an area - ansa) Planting weed- and disease-free seed on an athletic field Which statement about action thresholds is true? a) The IPM technician needs to implement control measures below the action threshold level b) The action threshold for a pest may be set at a 0 pest population density c) In an urban landscape, action thresholds are usually more related to economics than aesthetics - ansb) The action threshold for a pest may be set at a 0 pest population density Which would increase the likelihood of pesticide resistance? a) An insect that has 1 generation per year

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

b) Continual use of pesticides from the same chemical class c) Applying a pesticide that has little or no residual effect - ansb) Continual use of pesticides from the same chemical class Which statement about FIFRA is false? a) it provides the overall framework for the federal pesticide regulatory program b) it prevents states, tribes, and territories from creating laws that are stricter than federal regulations c) it allows applicators to deviate from the pesticide label under specific use situations - ansb) it prevents states, tribes, and territories from creating laws that are stricter than federal regulations Under federal law, which statement about trained and certified applicators is true? a) They may apply and/or supervise the application of RUPs b) They must receive supplemental training before mixing RUPs c) they are exempt from obtaining county bulletins for the protection of endangered species - ansa) They may apply and/or supervise the application of RUPs What is the purpose of the registration and reregistration process? - ansTo provide evidence that the pesticide will not cause unreasonable risks to human health or the environment T/F- Approved pesticide labels have the force of law - ansTrue Which of the following criteria is used by EPA in establishing pesticide tolerances? a) Research data completely independent of the pesticide manufacturer b) The anticipated volume of product to be sold in any given year c) The toxicity of the pesticide and its breakdown products - ansc) The toxicity of the pesticide and its breakdown products Under federal law, which is unlawful and subject to civil or criminal penalties? a) Allowing a person under the direct supervision of a certified applicator to apply RUPs b) detaching, altering, defacing, or destroying any part of a container or labeling c) Keeping inadequate records of employees who received training on the proper use of pesticides - ansb) detaching, altering, defacing, or destroying any part of a container or labeling Which federal regulation requires employee training in the use of pesticides? - ansWPS (Workers protection standard) Which group of pesticides is exempt from registration because it poses little or no risk to humans and the environment? - ansMinimum risk pesticides The active ingredient in Tempo20WP is listed as β-Cyfluthrin, cyano(4-fluoro- 3 - phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate. What does the term "Cylfuthrin" represent? - ansThe common name Which statements about pesticide label names and ingredients is true? a) Both the active ingredients and inert ingredients must be listed by chemical name

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

Which is an advantage of microencapsulated materials? a) delayed or slow release of active ingredient prolongs their effectiveness b) their pesticidal activity is independent of weather conditions c) they usually require only short restricted entry intervals - ansa) delayed or slow release of active ingredient prolongs their effectiveness Which type of adjuvant functions as a wetting agent and spreader (ie physically altering the surface tension of spray droplets)? - anssurfactant Which type of adjuvant increases the viscosity of spray mixtures? - ansthickener What is A an abbreviation for? - ansAerosol What is AF an abbreviation for? - ansAqueous Flowable What is B an abbreviation for? - ansbait What is C an abbreviation for? - ansconcentrate What is D an abbreviation for? - ansDust What is DF an abbreviation for? - ansDry flowable What is E or EC an abbreviation for? - ansemulsifiable concentrate What is F an abbreviation for? - ansflowable What is G an abbreviation for? - ansgranules What is GL an abbreviation for? - ansgel What is L an abbreviation for? - ansliquid What is LC an abbreviation for? - ansliquid concentrate What is LV an abbreviation for? - anslow volatile What is M an abbreviation for? - ansmicroencapsulated What is P or PS an abbreviation for? - anspellets What is RTU an abbreviation for? - ansready to use What is S an abbreviation for? - anssolution What is SP an abbreviation for? - anssoluble powder What is ULV an abbreviation for? - ansultra low volume What is W or WP an abbreviation for? - answettable powder What is WDG an abbreviation for? - answater-dispersible granules What is WSC an abbreviation for? - answater-soluble concentrate What is WSL an abbreviation for? - answater-soluble liquid What is WSP an abbreviation for? - answater-soluble powder Advantages and disadvantages of EC? - ansADV

  • easy to transport, handle, store
  • easy to pour/measure
  • little agitation required
  • Not abrasive
  • will not plug nozzles
  • leave little visible residue DISADV
  • high concentration of AI --> easy overdose

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

  • may damage treated plants or surfaces
  • easily absorbed thru skin
  • spills difficult to decontaminate
  • strong odor
  • solvents may wear equipment
  • flammable/corrosive Advantages and disadvantages of RTU S? - ansadv
  • convenient
  • often sold with application equipment
  • less exposure risk disadv
  • limited availability
  • high cost Advantages and disadvantages of C, LC, or WSC/WSL - ansadv
  • easy to handle, transport, store
  • no agitation necessary
  • not abrasive
  • do not plug nozzles
  • do not leave visible residue disadv
  • limited availability
  • spills difficult to decontaminate
  • easily absorbed thru skin Advantages and Disadvantages of ULV - ansadv
  • easy to handle, transport, store
  • little/no agitation necessary
  • not abrasive
  • do not plug nozzles
  • little residue disadv
  • high drift risk
  • specialized equipment required
  • easily absorbed thru skin
  • may cause parts to deteriorate
  • special care required for calibration and application Advantages and Disadvantages of Invert Emulsions - ansadv
  • low drift
  • increased rate penetration/absorption
  • decreased runoff

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

  • may break down more slowly disadv
  • application equip needs calibration often (uneven particle size)
  • uniform application difficult
  • granules do not stick to foliage/uneven surfaces
  • may need moisture to release AI
  • may be hazardous to non-target species
  • bulky Advantages and Disadvantages of W or WP - ansadv
  • easy to transport, handle, store
  • less likely than ECs and petroleum-based formulations to harm treated surfaces
  • not phytotoxic
  • less absorptive disadv
  • not easy to measure, must be weighed
  • not easy to mix
  • inhalation hazard when mixing
  • needs constant agitation when in suspension
  • abrasive
  • clogs
  • residues visible on treated surfaces Advantages and Disadvantages of B - ansadv
  • RTU
  • attracts pest, dont need to cover huge area
  • controls mobile pests disadv
  • risk to children and pets
  • may kill non-target wildlife
  • requires careful placement/inspection
  • dead vertebrate pests may cause odor problem
  • must be removed when stops working
  • may not always work if pest has other food sources Advantages and Disadvantages of fumigants - ansadv
  • toxic to wide range of pests
  • can penetrate cracks, crevices, etc
  • single treatment will kill most pests disadv
  • target site must be enclosed to prevent gas from escaping
  • nonspecific and highly toxic

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

  • high inhalation risk
  • require lots of PPE
  • may require special application equipment
  • some temp requirments Advantages and Disadvantages of M - ansadv
  • coatings help protect applicator
  • easy to handle, transport, store
  • timed release of AI prolongs effectiveness
  • reduced volatility
  • reduced odor
  • less likely to stain
  • reduced phytotoxicity disadv
  • constant agitation may be required
  • risk of harming bees
  • long restricted-entry or preharvest intervals Advantages and Disadvantages of WSP or WSB - ansadv
  • accurate, premeasured doses
  • increased handling safety
  • lower risk spills disadv
  • packaged size may not match volume of equipment you have
  • must be kept dry List some types of adjuvants - ans-antifoaming
  • Surfactants (wetting agents, spreaders)
  • extenders
  • stickers
  • plant penetrators
  • compatibility agents
  • buffers or pH modifiers
  • drift retardants
  • defoaming agents
  • thickeners Define surfactant - ansan inert ingredient that enhances the dispersing, spreading, and wetting properties of spray droplets, allow the pesticide to spread evenly over the surface of a leaf The capacity of a pesticide to cause short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic) injury is referred to as its ____________ - anstoxicity Which statement about harmful effects of pesticides is false? a) the most common form of pesticide injury is by inhalation b) asthma-like symptoms may be caused by allergies to pesticides

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

Which statement about heat stress is true? a) Wearing extra PPE prevents heat stress b) Constricted pupils is a symptom of heat stress c) lack of sweat is a symptom of heatstroke - ansc) lack of sweat is a symptom of heatstroke If oral or dermal exposure has occurred, first objective is to... - ansrinse exposed area with water to dilute the pesticide and to prevent absorption If inhalation exposure has occurred... - ansget victim to fresh air immediately if pesticides get on the skin... - ans-remove all contaminated clothing immediately

  • wash affected area with water and soap, avoid harsh scrubbing
  • gently dry and wrap in loose clothing
  • if chemical burn, wrap loosely with clean soft cloth, do not apply ointments if pesticides get in the eyes - ans-hold eyelid open and immediately begin washing with drips clean water
  • drip water across--NOT DIRECTLY INTO--the eye
  • continuously rinse eye for 15 minutes
  • flush under eyelid to remove debris
  • cover eye with clean cloth and seek medical attention immediately if pesticide inhaled - ans-immediately carry victim to fresh air DO NOT ALLOW THEM TO WALK
  • have victim lie down, loosen clothing
  • keep victim warm and quiet, do not allow to get chilled or overheated
  • if victim convulsing, protect head, turn head to side, watch that breathing continues DO NOT ATTEMPT TO INSERT SOMETHING IN MOUTH WHILE SEIZING
  • keep person's chin up to ensure air passage clear
  • if breathing stops or is irregular, artificial respiration if pesticide swallowed or in mouth - ans-give victim large amount of water or milk
  • ONLY INDUCE VOMITING IF LABEL INSTRUCTS NEVER induce vomiting if victim
  • is unconscious or seizing
  • swallowed corrosive poison
  • has swallowed EC or oil product dissolved in petroleum solvents Hazard equation - anshazard = toxicity x exposure Symptoms of heat stroke/stress - ans-fatigue, exhaustion, muscle weakness
  • dizziness or fainting
  • clammy hot, dry skin
  • altered behavior, confusion, slurred speech, irrationality
  • headache, nausea, chills
  • heavy sweating--> complete lack of sweating Which statement about PPE requirements listed on the pesticide label is true?

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

a) A label may have different PPE requirements for pesticide handlers and early-entry workers b) You are not required to wear all the PPE listed on the label c) Wearing the PPE listed on the label eliminates your exposure to pesticides - ansa) A label may have different PPE requirements for pesticide handlers and early-entry workers Which part of the product formulation determines what glove type is needed? a) active ingredient b) surfactants c) solvents - ansc) solvents If there are no manufacturer use recommendations, a pesticide applicator should replace the chemical cartridges of his or her respirator: a) at the end of each season b) after one week of use c) at the end of each workday - ansc) at the end of each workday When oil is present, which particulate filter must be used? a) N-series b) P-series c) dust mask - ansb) P-series Air purifying respirators protect applicators from pesticide exposure by: a) filtering and/or absorbing the pesticide b) breaking down the pesticide c) neutralizing the pesticide - ansa) filtering and/or absorbing the pesticide You should do a qualitative fit test of your respirator a) every 5 years b) semiannually c) if you have a significant change in weight - ansc) if you have a significant change in weight Every time you wear any tight fitting respirator to apply pesticides, you should first a) perform seal check(s) b) do a qualitative fit test c) put vaseline on the edges of the respirator to enhance the seal - ansa) perform seal check(s) Which statement about washing work clothes soaked with a pesticide is true? a) use cold water and one wash cycle b) wash separately from other laundry items c) do not attempt to wash it--dispose of immediately - ansc) do not attempt to wash it-- dispose of immediately

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

  • load only a few items into washing machine so plenty of water and agitation
  • use hot water and highest water level
  • prerinse items
  • use heavy-duty detergent
  • run on heaviest cycle, use 2 cycles
  • discard heavily contaminated garments
  • line dry outdoors if possible
  • run additional cycle between loads before doing household laundry Which property of a pesticide would make it more likely to move in surface water runoff? a) high solubility b) high absorption c) high volatility - ansa) high solubility Which statement about movement of pesticides from the application site is true? a) Drift is seldom an issue with indoor applications b) Runoff and erosion are sources of surface water contamination by pesticides c) leaching is the main way that pesticides move great distances - ansb) Runoff and erosion are sources of surface water contamination by pesticides Which is an example of nonpoint-source contamination of groundwater? a) back-siphoning of pesticide spills at a wellhead b) leaching from a pesticide mixing area c) pesticides that dissolve and leach through soil after it rains - ansc) pesticides that dissolve and leach through soil after it rains Under which conditions are pesticides more likely to leach through soil? a) heavy clay soil, high in organic matter b) sandy soil, high in organic matter c) sandy soil, low in organic matter - ansc) sandy soil, low in organic matter Which best management practice will help prevent contamination of surface water and groundwater by pesticides? a) using pesticides that are highly water-soluble b) Following IPM principles c) selecting persistant pesticides - ansb) Following IPM principles Which 2 factors are most important in avoiding vapor drift? a) Droplet size and wind speed b) air stability and temperature c) temperature and pesticide volatility - ansc) temperature and pesticide volatility Which statement about sensitive areas is true?

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

a) do not spray a larger target site if it contains a sensitive area b) Pesticide labels may list special precautions around sensitive areas c) endangered species' habitats are not considered sensitive areas - ansb) pesticide labels may list special precautions around sensitive areas Which statement about protecting bees from pesticide injury is true? a) Use foliar applications when possible b) Spray crops when they are in bloom c) apply insecticides in the evening or at night - ansc) apply insecticides in the evening or at night List and describe the physical and chemical characteristics of pesticides that determine how they will interact with the environment (4) - ans-solubility- ability of a pesticide to dissolve in a solvent-usually water, high solubility more likely to move with water in runoff or thru soil

  • adsorption- the process by which a pesticides bind to soil particles- oil-soluble pesticides more attracted to clay and org matter than water-soluble- pesticides that adsorb less likely to move from spray site
  • persistence- the ability of a pesticide to remain present and active in its original form for an extended period of time before its breakdown, longer half-life longer persistence,
  • volatility- tendency of a pesticide to turn into a gas or vapor, volatilization positively correlated with temperature, negatively correlated with RH (evap increases in drier conditions) List and describe the processes that breakdown pesticides (3) - ans-chemical degradation- breakdown chemicals that does not involve living organisms- usually thru chemical reactions with water
  • microbial action- breakdown of chemicals by microorganisms, fungi & bacteria
  • photodegradation- breakdown of chemicals in reaction to sunlight **water and temperature also affect breakdown- warm, wet conditions speed up breakdown, cool, dry conditions slow down breakdown Define drift - ansPesticide movement away from application site by wind or air currents What are the 2 ways pesticides move in water? when do they occur? - ans-runoff, can travel great distances
  • leaching, can contaminate groundwater occur when:
  • too much pesticide applied or spilled
  • too much rainwater or irrigation
  • highly soluble or persistent pesticides used

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

  • structure- shape/arrangement soil particles (macropores- holes in soils) (more macropores --

more leaching)

  • organic matter- (higher org --> less leaching)
  • depth to groundwater- shallow water table --> higher chance contamination
  • geology- high permeable materials (ie gravel deposits) --> more leaching Best management practices (BMPs) to reduce chances of harm to environment - ans-Use IPM principles
  • Identify vulnerable areas
  • Do not mix and load near water
  • keep pesticides away from wells
  • Avoid back-siphoning (reverse flow of liquids into a fill hose, sucks tank contents into water supply)
  • Improve land use and application methods (ie terracing)
  • time pesticide applications to weather forecasts
  • select products wisely
  • handle pesticides safely list outdoor sensitive areas - ans-schools, playgrounds, recreational areas
  • habitats of endangered species
  • apiaries (honey bee sites), wildlife refuges, parks
  • areas where domestic livestock kept
  • ornamental plantings, gardens, food/feed crops list indoor sensitive areas - ans-places where people live, work, shop, or are cared for
  • where food/feed processed, prepared, served, stored
  • where animals live, eat, cared for
  • ornamental or sensitive plants grown Define and describe phytotoxicity - ans-plant injury due to chemical exposure
  • can occur on any part of plant
  • primarily due to drift, also surface runoff and root uptake list 4 ways bees and other pollinators can be exposed to pesticides - ans1) direct contact during foliar applications
  1. contact with residues on plant surfaces after application
  2. drift from application to hive
  3. ingestion of residues when pesticide applied as a seed treatment, soil or tree injection, or foliar application list ways to minimize injury to bees and pollinators - ans-follow specific instructions to protect bees and pollinators
  • do not apply insecticides to crops in bloom
  • apply insecticides in evening or at night when bees not foraging (early morning applications protects honey bees, wild bees forage at or before dawn)

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

  • do not apply insecticide when weeds or other plants around treatment site in bloom
  • do not allow pesticide to drift onto attractive habitat, natural areas, or beehives
  • choose lease hazardous formulations and application methods How can bird kills happen - ans-ingesting pesticide granules**, baits, or treated seeds
  • direct exposure to sprays
  • consume treated crops or contaminated water
  • feed on contaminated insects/prey
  • secondary poisoning define endangered species - ansa species on the brink of extinction throughout all a significant part of its range define threatened species - ansa species likely to become endangered Which statement about transporting pesticides is true? a) carry pesticides in the passenger compartment to prevent unauthorized access b) enclosed and lockable cargo boxes offer the greatest protection c) the operator (driver) is not held responsible if a pesticide spill or accident occurs - ansb) enclosed and lockable cargo boxes offer the greatest protection Which statement about pesticide storage facilities is true? a) a ventilation system may reduce noxious vapors by venting air into an adjoining room b) carefully consider the terrain when selecting a storage site c) the floor should remain as bare soil, to absorb any spilled material - ansb) carefully consider the terrain when selecting a storage site What is the first thing to do if a pesticide container is leaking? a) put on PPE b) transfer contents into another container c) clean up any spilled material - ansa) put on PPE Which recommended practice will minimize pesticide storage problems? a) Purchase quantities based on previous usage b) purchase more than you need to ensure availability of the product c) store metal pesticide containers on the higher shelves to prevent rusting - ansc) store metal pesticide containers on the higher shelves to prevent rusting What is the first step a business should take to develop an effective pesticide security program? a) coordinate planned actions with authorities b) conduct a risk assessment of business vulnerabilities c) train employees on security measures - ansb) conduct a risk assessment of business vulnerabilities Which of the following is considered a good security practice?

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

c) try to extinguish fire before calling 911 - ansa) construct berms to contain contaminated runoff water Which is an appropriate action to take in the event of a pesticide spill? a) take a "time out" to read your emergency response plan b) Call 911 only if the spill has a chance of entering surface water c) put on the appropriate PPE before responding to the spill - ansc) put on the appropriate PPE before responding to the spill List the guidelines for developing an emergency response plan: - ans-designate emergency coordinator as "go to person"

  • post a lis of names & numbers of response agencies that may require notification
  • prepare form with info to convey to emergency personnel, facility map, area map
  • keep product inventory and labels and SDSs
  • maintain emergency equipment needed to respond to fires and spills
  • train employees how to execute response plan The backbone of an emergency response plan is a: - ansdescription of the sequence of actions to take in a crisis Take the following actions in case of pesticide fire: - ans-evacuate premises to designated rendezvous point
  • notify fire department
  • provide emergency responders with labels, SDSs, emergency plan, site maps
  • follow instructions of commander
  • establish security perimeter
  • build berms to contain contaminated runoff and pesticide leaks
  • call insurance
  • regulatory phone calls 3 C's of pesticide spills - ans-Control- put on PPE, try to stop the spill
  • Contain- prevent spill from spreading/contaminating larger area
  • Clean Up Spill What should be in a spill response kit? - ans-telephone # for emergency assistance
  • PPE
  • absorbents
  • shovel, broom, dustpan
  • heavy duty detergent Determining when to apply a pesticide includes considering the: a) life cycle of the pest and weather conditions b) % active ingredient c) need for additives or adjuvants - ansa) the life cycle of the pest and weather conditions The "Directions for Use" section of a pesticide label indicates the: a) various crops or areas on which the pesticide may legally be used b) disposal of pesticide waste

Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

c) environmental, physical, and chemical hazards - ansa) various crops or areas on which the pesticide may legally be used When 2 or more pesticides mixed together form a putty or paste, separate into layers, or look like cottage cheese, it is an example of: a) limited agitation b) chemical incompatibility c) physical incompatibility - ansc) physical incompatibility After filling a tank 1/5 to 1/2 full with carrier, what is the usual order for tank mixing the remaining products? a) add suspension products, add emulsion products, add solution products, add surfactants (if needed), add compatibility agent (if needed) b) Add compatibility agent (if needed), add suspension products, add solution products, add surfactants (if needed), add emulsion products c) Add surfactants (if needed), add suspension products, add emulsion products, add solution products, add compatibility agent (if needed) - ansb) compatibility agent (if needed), suspension products, solution products, surfactants (if needed), emulsion products Which statement about the proper technique for opening pesticide containers is true? a) out on appropriate PPE after the containers have been opened b) Use a sharp knife or scissors to open paper or cardboard containers c) leave the container open until you have finished mixing pesticides for the day - ansb) use a sharp knife or scissors to open paper or cardboard containers Which statement about measuring and/or transferring pesticides is true? a) metal measuring utensils are recommended over plastic b) most dusts, powders, and dry formulations are measured by volume c) after adding the pesticide to the partially filled spray tank, rinse the measuring container and pour the rinse solution into the tank - ansc) after adding the pesticide to the partially filled spray tank, rinse the measuring container and pour the rinse solution into the tank Which statement about cleaning and disposing of pesticide containers is true? a) do not puncture rinsed pesticide containers b) pesticide containers that cannot be recycled or returned to the manufacturer should be reused c) containers must be disposed of in accordance with label directions and current regulations - ansc) containers must be disposed of in accordance with label directions and current regulations Which statement about triple-rinsing and pressure-rinsing pesticide containers is true? a) triple rinsing is a more effective method than pressure rinsing b) all containers must be either triple-rinsed or pressure-rinsed