The History of Badminton: From Ancient Origins to Olympic Sport, Assignments of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences

Download The History of Badminton: From Ancient Origins to Olympic Sport and more Assignments Physical Activity and Sport Sciences in PDF only on Docsity!

THE HISTORY OF BADMINTON

In the 5th century BC, the people in china then played a game called ti jian zi. A direct translation from this word 'ti jian zi' is kicking the shuttle. As the name suggest, the objective of the game is to keep the shuttle from hitting the ground without using hand. Whether this sport has anything to do with the History of Badminton is up for debate. It was however the first game that uses a Shuttle.

About five centuries later, a game named Battledore and Shuttlecock was played in china, Japan, India and Greece. This is a game where you use the Battledore (a paddle) to hit the Shuttlecock back and forth. By the 16th century, it has become a popular game among children in England. In Europe this game was known as jeu de volant to them. In the 1860s, a game named Poona was played in India. This game is much like the Battledore and Shuttlecock but with an added net. The British army learned this game in India and took the equipments back to England during the 1870s.

In 1873, the Duke of Beaufort held a lawn party in his country place, Badminton. A game of Poona was played on that day and became popular among the British society's elite. The new party sport became known as "the Badminton game". In 1877, the Bath Badminton Club was formed and developed the first official set of rules.

The International Badminton Federation (IBF) was formed in 1934 with 9 founding members.

• England
• Ireland
• Scotland
• Wales
• Denmark
• Holland
• Canada
• New Zealand
• France

Origins of the Game

The sport of badminton has its origins in ancient civilizations in Europe and Asia. The ancient game known as battledore (bat or paddle) and shuttlecock probably originated more than 2000 years ago.

In the 1600s Battledore and Shuttlecock was an upper class pastime in England and many European countries. Battledore and Shuttlecock was simply two people hitting a shuttlecock backwards and forwards with a simple bat as many times as they could without allowing it to hit the ground.

Court

The area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.

Net

The net is made of fine cord, dark in colour and of an even thickness, with a mesh.

Posts

The posts are used to hold the net in place.

Racket

The instrument used by players to hit the shuttlecock.

Shuttlecock

A piece of cork covered in goat skin with 16 goose feathers attached to one end. It can be made from natural or synthetic materials.

EQUIPMENT

HISTORY

Badminton Terms

Here is a list of some of the terminology used in the sport of badminton:

Alley - side-extension of the court by l½ feet on both sides that is used for doubles play.

Back Alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.

Backcourt - the back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.

Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court, that runs parallel to the net.

Bird or birdie - another name for the shuttlecock

Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is caught and held on the racket

and then slung during the execution of a stroke.

Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.

Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back court.

Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.

Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.

Drop - A shot hit sohly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the opponent’s side.

Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults

listed below).

Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft shot

into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.

Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.

Hairpin Net Shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the shuttle rising, just clearing the

net, and then dropping sharply down the other side. The shuttle’s flight approximates the shape of a

hairpin.

Halfcourt Shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles against the up-and-back

formation.

Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "putaway."

Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.

Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back

boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.

Match - A series of games (at U.S. Olympic Festival-’93 it is three out of five), to determine a winner.

Midcourt - The middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line.

Net Shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.

Push Shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion, usually from net or

midcourt to the opponent’s midcourt.

Long, Short and Wide During a badminton serve, we usually say LONG/SHORT instead of IN/OUT if the shuttle falls out of the service box.

If the shuttle falls outside the boundaries AT THE FRONT of the court we call it "short".

If the shuttle falls outside the boundaries BEHIND the court we call it "long".

If the shuttle falls outside the boundaries at the side of the court, we call it ''wide''.

For example in doubles:

Service Over If you made a serve and lost the^ rally, it will be called SERVICE OVER. It's now your opponent's turn to make a service for the next rally.

Let Lets are given when the receiver is not ready but the server has already perform the serve.

When a 'let' is given, no points will be offered to both parties for that particular rally.

The umpire calls for the rally to be replayed when a 'let' is given.

2. Badminton Terms for Scoring

Love In badminton, 0 points is called "love".

All If both sides' scores are level, we say ALL behind the points. For example, if the score is 2 - 2, we say 2 ALL.

The score of the winner of the last rally should

always be mentioned first. For example, you won the last rally. Your score is now 2 and your opponent's score is 5. So the score of the game will be mentioned as 2 - 5.

Deuce If the score reaches 20-20, the game will be "deuce". This means that either one side must lead by 2 points to win the game.

3. Badminton Terms for Court Lines and Areas

Next, there are 3 common areas on the badminton court.

 Forecourt. Front area of the court  Mid-court. Middle area of the court  Rear court. Back area of the court

4. Badminton Match Terms

Rally A rally starts as soon as the server performs the service. The rally ends when the shuttle touches the ground or a player

Service Judge Service judges look out for service faults during^ a match.

Here is where they sit during a match:

Line Judge Line judges looks straight down the court lines and decide whether shuttles land inside or outside the court.

How many line judges are there in a match? Count yourself...

6. Terms for Badminton Racket Parts

Usually this is how I address the different parts on a badminton racket.

 Racket Head  String Bed  Racket T-joint or Throat  Racket Shaft  Handle

7. Terms for Badminton Techniques and Shots

Badminton Strokes Swing motion of your racket. Strokes are NOT shots. You'll need to perform strokes to hit badminton shots.

Singles Footwork Base Usually around the middle of the court. When playing singles, you'll need to return to your 'base' after hitting every shot.

Lunge Lunging refers to stretching your feet as far apart; usually towards the front to retrieve the shuttle.

Follow Through Simply means completing your swing/stroke after you hit the shuttlecock.

Following through with your swing usually produces better quality shots.

Smash Half Smash Full Smash Baseline Smash

Offensive shot hit from your baseline. Travels down fast and steep towards your opponent's side.

Half Smash : Smashing without full power.

Full Smash : Smashing with full power.

Baseline Smash : Smash hit from your baseline.

Drive Fast and furious shot hit horizontally towards your opponent side.

Push Push is a shot hit horizontally and aims to land around your opponent's mid-court area. It is similar to the drive, except there is less pace in your shot.

Tumbling Net Shot Spinning Net Shot

This shot is taken at your forecourt. It is called the tumbling/spinning net shot because the shuttle tumbles and spins towards your opponent's side.

Net Kill Tap Brush

Net kills are shots taken from the forecourt. It travel down steeply towards your opponent side. Usually net kills are used to counter weak net shots from your opponent.

In most Asian countries, we use 'Tap' instead of Net Kill.

'Brushing' is another term that refers to Net Kill. However brushing is slightly different. It has the same objective as the Net Kill, but different technique. Brushing is used to kill tight net shots from your opponent.

Net Lift Lift

Net Lifts are defensive shots taken from the forecourt. It travels high up towards your opponent's baseline.