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Low Emotional Intelligence, DRUG ABUSE And Child Maltreatment:

Implications For Psychological And Social Work Services.

LOW EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE DRUG ABUSE AND CHILD

MALTREATMENT POWER POINT PRESENTATION

INTRODUCTION

• Low emotional intelligence, drug (substance) abuse and child maltreatment are urgent health and social problems
• The need to address them especially during the global economic downturn
• An era when many militants and perpetrators of crises engage in religious extremism, acid attack/bath, destruction of lives and property, burning of human beings and houses.
• A person’s level of emotional intelligence is low if he or she has deficits in emotion regulation and lacks self-control in relating to self and other people. Such a person needs the services of psychologists, social workers, and other helping professionals.
• People with emotion regulation deficit (low level of emotional intelligence) are highly at risk for psychological disorders and so need the services of psychologists and social workers.

• HOW PEOPLE IN ACADEMICS HANDLE EMOTIONS IN CRISES SITUATIONS
• Flare up of tension between striking University-based labour Unions
• Violent feelings and the need for psychotherapy and social casework on campus
• EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (EI) AND INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT (1Q)
• How emotional intelligence can matter more than 1Q
• High 1Q does not guarantee success in life or that a genius will be unruffled by stress
• Being found worthy in character reflects high EQ
• EMOTION REGULATION OR MODULATION
• Effectiveness in emotion regulation as a central goal in psychology and social work.
• Self control
• It is one of the competencies of Emotional Intelligence
• Low self-control is a psychopathological problem
• Self monitors can be high or low.
• Scholars with low self-monitors and highly subjective self-concept tend to claim to have the monopoly of ideas.
• Inaccurate self-concept and drug use.

ANXIETY AND MOOD DISORDERS

• Both negative and positive emotions impact on cognition and behaviour
• Anxiety and anger are at the root of substance abuse, child abuse and mayhem.
• Types of anxiety
• Rumours cause anxiety. HIV anxiety disturbs. Anxiety that one will develop liver cirrhosis due to pathological drinking.
• Displacement of anger; e.g., adults unleash anger on children.

STRESS

• It is an unpleasant emotional reaction due to the perception of an event to be threatening, scary and disturbing
• The perception of mayhem, confusion and fear, usually caused by violent behaviour of hoodlums, terrorists, kidnappers or some sudden traumatic event or crisis can lead to stress.
• Crisis situation, a time of great danger, confusion, uncertainty, tension, difficulty, when problems must be solved, urgent decisions must be made to prevent complete breakdown and psychological/social disorder

• CHILD MALTREATMENT
• Harm inflicted on a child by an adult
• Types of child maltreatment: physical, emotional or psychological, child neglect and child sexual abuse
• LITERATURE REVIEW
• The concept of co-morbidity using DSM-V-TR 2000
• Severe mental illness with mild drug use problem
• Severe drug problem with mild mental illness
• Implications of co-morbidity for treatment by psychologists and social workers.
• The need for team work approach to treatment
• Substance abuse disorder can coexist with various types of child maltreatment.
• Substance abuse coexists with emotional abuse
• CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL WORK
• Opportunities and Prospects
• THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
• Social Disorganisation theory
• Inability of a neighbourhood to exercise social control
• Lack of positive influences in a neighbourhood
• Presence of negative influences

DRUG AVAILABILITY

• Drug availability and use and mental health status
• Relatively cheaper but more potent chemical substances
• Alcohol / goskolo outlets and high risk neighbourhood
• The perception of goats as human beings
• Perception of mother as wife under drug influence

ROUTINE ACTIVITIES THEORY

• The attractiveness of alcohol outlets
• The power of the situation- the behaviour, the person and

situation or environment

• The individual’s definition of the situation

PARENTING AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

• Ineffective parenting and low self-control
• Low self-emotion control and misbehaviour
• Indicators of ineffective parenting
• Robert K. Merton’s theory of Deviance-conformists,

rebels, retreatists, innovators and ritualists

EMOTIONS AND CHILD MALTREATMENT

Level of EI influences how parents and other

adults relate to children’s needs and problems:

• Modifying parental guidance
• Blaming your spouse
• Seeking professional help
• Resignation, learned helplessness.
• The belief that juvenile delinquency is caused by

evil machination by the wicked and depression

• Depression and self-medication
• Low self-control and maladaptive behaviour-child

battering and drug abuse

• Low emotional intelligence, drug abuse and child

maltreatment are linked

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS

• Their roles: assessment, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of cases of emotion dysregulation, drug abuse and child maltreatment.
• Construction, development, standardization, administration of psychological tests. Interpretation of test scores and reporting test outcome. Reconciliation, reconstruction and rehabilitation of traumatised/troubled minds after crisis. PTSD

CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKERS

• Their roles as members of the mental health team in hospitals.
• Their specialized training enables them serve as consultants to other team

members and also undertake home visits.

• They use the methods of social work

THE SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY – CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY INTERFACE

• Social psychology concepts that relate to clinical psychology. Their areas of overlap
• Thinking styles and stress. Our self-concepts, what we think about other people can lead to mood disorders
• Difficulties in social interaction and psychological disorders can lead to drug abuse and child maltreatment
• How to change maladaptive or deviant attitudes such as attitudes to drugs, negative attitudes towards children

STRESS MANAGEMENT Synopsis of Psychological and Social Work Services for People in Stressful and Abusive Situations:

• Helping individuals, families and communities to be sensitive to cues of anger
• Educating people on how to have empowering interpretations of stressful events, reversing negative thought patterns and relaxation training technique of behaviourists
• Using relaxation training technique to explaining how tense muscles can be relaxed by taking some time out
• Encouraging people to engage in self-disclosure- It entails high emotional intelligence
• Finding out if a client is involved in paying elective attention on the problem or emotion?
• The level of confidence that one is in control, level of assertiveness to be determined by the psychologist or social worker.
• Social workers are to ensure the availability and Accessibility of Social Support Network, including
• Provision of social environment, interaction with caring people, confidants, close associates, professionals
• Provision of materials and economic conditions, money, gifts
• Provision of information, health information
• Networking, linking with help sources
• Provision of guidance and counseling for problem solution
• Check the pathological use of Defense mechanisms-unconscious reactions protecting one from unpleasant situations, scary thoughts, disturbing emotions, and memories that can lead to psychological breakdown-A lecturer that has not been promoted can deceive himself by saying that his employers do not like his face.

• Some parenting styles are exemplary; some

parents lead by example, others do not

• Children tend to copy adult examples
• Clinical psychologists and social workers can assist

parents with co-occurring disorders.

• Drug-dependent parents and those that use

children to buy and sell drugs are not good role

models

• A parent who is a terrorist in the family has low EI
• Parents who frequently engage in spousal abuse

and live like cats and dogs need psychotherapy

and social casework.

• Social workers educate on parenting skills

Attitude change and Transformational Leadership

• Changing attitudes for national development entails transformational leadership.
• Leadership potential resides in everyone
• The answer to our problems- low EI, drug abuse, child maltreatment, sectarian crisis is in us
• Self-motivated attitude change is possible and change should start with the individual. Who you are is important.
• The individual has to be transformed in terms of his or her thought, emotions and behaviour to be effective in transforming others.
• It entails thinking outside the box and overcoming the box problem in thinking, feeling and acting. What is it I am doing or not doing that is responsible for my low emotional intelligence, drug use behaviour, maltreatment of children and involvement in ethnic crisis or any other form of criminal violence? It demands the use of IQ and EI
• Taking responsibility for any of these problems is indicative of the competencies of emotional intelligence- self-awareness, social awareness, self-control, and relationship management.
• Breakdowns are to be converted to breakthroughs and should not lead to emotional crisis and child battering or displacement of aggression.
• Commitment to positive change

ATTITUDE CHANGE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION

• Attitude change is necessary but not sufficient
• Social /emotional support reduces stress.
• While social/emotional support can prevent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social support alone may not guarantee that there would be no re-occurrence of bad moods, terrorism, militancy, kidnapping or civil crisis.
• There is the need for equitable provision of social welfare services

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

• Current literature used to discuss low EI, drug (substance) abuse child maltreatment as urgent health and social problems
• The need to address these problems by educating Nigerians on EI
• Especially in an era of high waves of militant or terrorist attacks, kidnapping, ethnic and religious violence, political crisis, child abuse, other acts of criminal violence associated with poor EI and substance abuse.
• These problems can be changed through attitude change
• Psychological and Social Work services can contribute to the amelioration of the health, psychological and social problems identified in this guest lecture