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CHAPTER : 01

INTRODUCTION

1. The main objective of the application is to automate the existing system of manually maintain the records of the Book Issue, Book Return from the student, Stock Maintenance, Catalog and Book Search to be computerized. So the Book Issue, Return, Searching will be faster.
2. This application will greatly simplify and speed up the process of issuing and returning books.
3. The main objective of the project is to provide the books details in simple way.
4. This project is useful for students and institutions for getting the books details in simple manner.
5. The whole information will be under the control of the administrator and the admin as the full privileges to read, write and execute the result.
6. And admin gives the privileges to student to access the information.
7. LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM is a software application to maintain the records related to Book Purchase, Stock Maintenance, Book Search, Catalog, Book Issue, Book Returns, Fine Collection, and all necessary requirements for the Library to manage day to day operations.
8. Administrator of the website can change the book any time and also change the book detail. He can also delete and modify the book. The maintenance of the website is his whole & sole responsibility.

USERS / ACTORS OF SYSTEM

1. ADMIN
2. MEMBERS

ADMIN FEATURES (PRIVILEGES)

• He/she is a super user who enjoys all the privileges.
• Add, Update, Display and Delete information about books
• Create/Approve/Disapprove student account.
• View information of each student issued and number of books available in library.

CHAPTER : 02

ANALYSIS

(A) SYSTEM ANALYSIS:

1. Existing System

Existing system is a manual one, in which users are maintaining books details in catalog It is very difficult to maintain historical data. Issuing of books, searching of books, adding of members etc., are done manually.

DISADVANTAGES:

The following drawbacks of existing system emphasize the need for computerization:

•.1. A lot of copies of catalog have to be made •.2. A lot of correction work hence delay in issuing books •.3. A lot of tabulation work for each book has to made

2. Proposed System

This application is used to automate the existing system of manually maintain the records of the Book Issue, Book Return from the student, Stock Maintenance, Catalog and Book Search to be computerized. So the Book Issue, Return, Searching will be faster. This application provides the administrator with a facility to add new student details, staff details , update and delete student’s details. Add books details, issue book details and return book details. This application takes care of authentication of the administrator.

3. Objective of the System The objective of the LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM is a software application to maintain the records related to books information such as book number, name of the book, no of copies, issued, return, members taken etc.,

(B) SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

Hardware Requirements:-

• Pentium-IV(Processor).
• 256 MB Ram
• 512 KB Cache Memory
• Hard disk 10 GB
• Microsoft Compatible 101 or more Key Board

Software Requirements: -

• Operating System : Windows
• Web-Technology : PHP
• Front-End : HTML,CSS,JAVASCRIPT
• Back-End : MySQL

CHAPTER : 03

2.A. INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN:

Design is the first step in the development phase for any techniques and principles for the purpose of defining a device, a process or system in sufficient detail to permit its physical realization.

Once the software requirements have been analyzed and specified the software design involves three technical activities - design, coding, implementation and testing that are required to build and verify the software.

The design activities are of main importance in this phase, because in this activity, decisions ultimately affecting the success of the software implementation and its ease of maintenance are made. These decisions have the final bearing upon reliability and maintainability of the system. Design is the only way to accurately translate the customer’s requirements into finished software or a system.

Design is the place where quality is fostered in development. Software design is a process through which requirements are translated into a representation of software. Software design is conducted in two steps. Preliminary design is concerned with the transformation of requirements into data.

• (^) Fix the scope of the system by means of context diagrams.
• Organize the DFD so that the main sequence of the actions
• Reads left to right and top to bottom.
• Identify all inputs and outputs.
• Identify and label each process internal to the system with Rounded circles.
• A process is required for all the data transformation and Transfers. Therefore, never connect a data store to a data Source or the destinations or another data store with just a Data flow arrow.
• Do not indicate hardware and ignore control information.
• Make sure the names of the processes accurately convey everything the process is done.
• There must not be unnamed process.
• Indicate external sources and destinations of the data, with Squares.
• Number each occurrence of repeated external entities.
• Identify all data flows for each process step, except simple Record retrievals.
• Label data flow on each arrow.
• Use details flow on each arrow.
• Use the details flow arrow to indicate data movements. DATAFLOW DIAGRAMS:

2.C. E-R Diagrams: The Entity-Relationship (ER) model was originally proposed by Peter in 1976 [Chen76] as a way to unify the network and relational database views. Simply stated the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and relationships. A basic component of the model is the Entity-Relationship diagram which is used to visually represents data objects. Since Chen wrote his paper the model has been extended and today it is commonly used for database design For the database designer, the utility of the ER model is:

• it maps well to the relational model. The constructs used in the ER model can easily be transformed into relational tables.
• it is simple and easy to understand with a minimum of training. Therefore, the model can be used by the database designer to communicate the design to the end user.
• In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database developer to implement a data model in a specific database management software.

Connectivity and Cardinality

■ (^) cardinality of many is represented by a line ending in a crow's foot. If the crow's foot is omitted, the cardinality is one.

■ existence is represented by placing a circle or a perpendicular bar on the line. Mandatory existence is shown by the bar (looks like a 1) next to the entity for an instance is required. Optional existence is shown by placing a circle next to the entity that is optional

CHAPTER : 04

STUDENT INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MODULES:

1. ADMIN MODULE

1. ADMIN MODULE:

1. Login – Admin Login
2. issue books – New books issued details
3. Return Book- Return Books details
4. (^) Issued books – Issued Books details details
5. Returned Books – List of books returned details
6. Add Members- New Members details
7. View Member – Members details

1 .login: the registered user can be allowed to view inner details for which he permitted

2. Issue Books : Here the admin can issue the books to the members.
3. Return Books: The admin can take books from members
4. Issued Books : Details of books which are issued to the members is shown here.

CHAPTER NO:

1. Concepts and Technologies:

About Apache:

Apache is one of the world’s mostly widely used web servers, originally developed in 1995 by a group that was to go to on become the apache group, the apache HTTP server is open source software, and considered by proponents to be fast, scalable and secure. Apache is UNIX based, Open source web server that is used to host about half the sites on the internet. Originally Apache was a UNIX product, but now versions for windows, OS and other platform exists. As with most open souse software projects, There are numerous add-ones and tailored versions of the server available, which are created using the apache module API. The name comes from its origins as a series of ‘patch files’

ABOUT FRONT END

Introduction to PHP: The full form of PHP is “Hypertext Preprocessor”. Its original name was “Personal Home Page” Rasmus Lerdorf software engineer, Apache team member is the creator and original driving force behind PHP. The first part of PHP was developed for his personal use in late 1994. By the middle of 1997, PHP was being used on approximately 50,000 sites worldwide. PHP is server-side scripting language, which can be embedded in HTML or used as a stand-alone. PHP doesn’t do anything about what a page looks and sounds like. In fact, most of what PHP does is invisible to the end user. Someone looking at a PHP page will not necessarily be able to tell that it was not written purely in HTML, because usually the result of PHP is HTML. PHP is an official module of Apache HTTP Server. PHP is

fully cross-platform, meaning it runs native on several flavors of UNIX, Mac OS and as well as on Windows.

An application has total control of the graphic display; information can be presented as clearly as possible. Phpmyadmin - front present data in table with resizable column width and sorting capability. If your provider allowed it, Phpmyadmin - front can make direct connected with the database. Otherwise only one small script is to be installing on the publishing website. Login information and password are store on the hard disk; there is no need to log in on different web interfaces. INTRODUCTION TO SUPPORTING TOOLS

About JavaScript:

What is JavaScript?

• JavaScript was designed to add interactivity to HTML pages
• JavaScript is a scripting language (a scripting language is a lightweight programming language)
• A JavaScript consists of lines of executable Computer code.
• A JavaScript is usually embedded directly into HTML pages
• JavaScript is an interpreted language (means that scripts execute without preliminary compilation)
• Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license.

What can a JavaScript Do?

JavaScript gives HTML designers a programming tool - HTML authors are normally not programmers, but JavaScript is a scripting language with a very simple syntax! Almost anyone can put small "snippets" of code into their HTML pages. JavaScript can put dynamic text into an HTML pag e - A JavaScript statement like this: document. Write ("

" + name + "

") can write a variable text into an HTML page JavaScript can react to events - A JavaScript can be set to execute when something happens, like when a page has finished loading or when a user clicks on an HTML element JavaScript can read and write HTML elements - A JavaScript can read and change the content of an HTML element

JavaScript can be used to validate data - A JavaScript can be used to validate form data before it is submitted to a server, this will save the server from extra processing

About HTML:

It isn’t a programming language. HTML is exactly what it claims to be a markup language. You use HTML to mark up a text document, just as you would if you were an editor with a red pencil. The marks you use indicate which format (or presentation style) should be used when displaying the marked text.

If you have ever used an old word-processor program, you already know how a markup language works. In older word-processing programs, if you wanted text to appear in italics, you might surround it with control characters like this:/Italic is in italics/I when the document was printed.

This is exactly how HTML works. If you want text to appear on a web page in italics, you mark it like this:

In addition to this official work on HTML, the browsers have been making their own additions to HTML. Some changes were eventually adopted into W3C HTML Recommendations; others remain proprietary coding aspects that only the individual browsers recognize. The browsers versions of HTML changed, too, in a game of marketing and programming one-upmanship, hoping to lock web developers into using one browser or the other exclusively

MySQL : MySQL was owned and sponsored by a Swedish company MySQL AB, now owned by Oracle Corporation. MySQL is free for open source and not-for profit projects. For commercial use, developers have to pay a license fee and paid editions offer additional functionality.

What is MySQL

MySQL is a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases.

MySQL was designed for three principles, which are performance, reliability and usability. A cheap, distinctive, fast and efficient RDBMS was created by following those principles. MySQL becomes a perfect tool for developers and administrators to establish maintain and configure complex applications. It has the following main features:

Performance