Effective Communication and Learning Styles in Education: Pre-Instruction Considerations, Slides of Physical Education and Motor Learning

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The Learner: Pre-instruction

Considerations

Effective Communication

• In your future professional path:
  • With whom will you need to communicate?
  • When will you communicate in the learning process?
  • Why will effective communication be important?

Effective Communication

• The practitioner must provide meaningful instructions that take into account: - Learning styles - Individual differences - Level of motivation

Learning Styles

• Individual preference for receiving and processing new information
• Greater achievement when instructional and learning styles match
• Dunn and Dunn’s model (1975)
  • Processing preference
    • Global vs. analytical learners

Analytical Learners

• Do better with sequential instruction that culminates in the final product - Breaking the skill into pieces and then combining to the whole is best

Perceptual Mode

• Modal strength
  • Preferred perceptual mode through which a learner takes in information
• Four perceptual modes:
  • Visual
  • Kinesthetic
  • Analytical docsity.com

Accommodating Learner’s Style

• Utilizing only one presentation style denies learners comparable opportunities to understand the information presented
• Know your learning style – tends to influence teaching style
• Use eclectic approach when working with groups

Practical Application

• Choose any skill and describe your teaching strategies that would accommodate all four styles of learning - How would you help a learner in PT? - In the classroom? - In the training room? - In the cardiac rehab facility?

The Learner

• The learner is the central focus for the practitioner, therefore the practitioner must consider: - Present stage of learning - Learning style - Past experiences - Motivation - Abilities

Past Experience & Transfer

• Transfer
  • When the learning of a new skill or its performance under novel conditions is influenced by past experience with another skill or skills - From the learning setting to a target context/new environment - PT lab to the home - Doing a target skill under a different situation - Taking a jump shot practiced in isolation to doing the jump shot over anoutstretched arm of a defender - Instruction in basic skills to later be combined to form more complex skills - Teaching elementary students how to throw to later be combined to throwto a player at a base - Making a difficult task easier for initial practice: combined serial skills in a skating routine would be separated for initial practice docsity.com

Theories of Transfer

• Identical elements theory
  • The more identical elements shared by two skills, the greater the positive transfer from one to the other
• Transfer appropriate processing theory
  • Positive transfer would be expected when practice conditions require learners to engage in problem-solving processes similar to those docsity.com

Fostering Positive Transfer

1. Analyze the skill

• Examine the following to determine the degree of

similarity between two skills:

• Fundamental movement pattern
• The strategic and conceptual aspects of the game or task
• Perceptual elements: what visual search strategies are similar? Walking down a busy street vs. walking down a clinic hallway
• Temporal and spatial elements: similarities in howdocsity.com

Fostering Positive Transfer Cont.

6. Use analogies: helps create a mental image
7. Maximize similarities between practice and performance/competition
8. Consider the skill level of the learner: beginners transfer more readily than intermediate or advanced learners

Assessing positive transfer

• After instruction, design a transfer test that allows learner to apply the content taught - Experience with one skill to learning another skill (e.g. Bench press on Cybex machine to Dumbbell Bench press) - Performing a skill in one situation to performing it in another context (e.g.practice setting to game setting)