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ISA 235 MIAMI UNIVERSITY EXAM 1 (CH. 1- 4)
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
"business intelligence (BI) - Correct Answer information collected from multiple sources such as
suppliers, customers, competitors, partners, and industries that analyze patterns, trends, and relationship for strategic decision making"
"analytics - Correct Answer the science of fact-based decision making"
"internet of things - Correct Answer a world where interconnected, internet-enabled devices or
"things" can collect & share data without human intervention"
"intelligent agent - Correct Answer a special-purpose knowledge-based information system that
accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users"
"augmented reality - Correct Answer the viewing of the physical world of computer-generated layers
of information added to it"
"dynamic process - Correct Answer a continuously changing process that provides business solutions
to ever-changing business operations"
"workflow - Correct Answer includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute each
step in a business process"
"workflow control systems - Correct Answer monitor processes to ensure tasks, activities, and
responsibilities are executed as specified"
"machine to machine (M2M) - Correct Answer devices that connect directly to other devices"
"data - Correct Answer raw facts that describe the characteristics of an event or object"
"structured data - Correct Answer data that has a defined length, type, and format and includes
numbers, dates, or strings such as Customer Address"
"machine-generated data - Correct Answer data created by a machine without human intervention"
"human-generated data - Correct Answer data that humans, in interaction with computers, generate"
"unstructured data - Correct Answer data that is not defined and does not follow a specified format
and is typically free-form text such as emails, Twitter tweets, and text messages"
"big data - Correct Answer a collection of rare, complex data sets, including structured and
unstructured data, which cannot be analyzed using traditional database methods & tools"
"snapshot - Correct Answer a view of data at a particular moment in time"
"Data example - Correct Answer order date, amount sold, customer number, quantity ordered"
"information example - Correct Answer best-selling product, best customer, worst-selling product,
worst customer"
"business intelligence example - Correct Answer lowest sales per week compared with the economic
interest rates, best-selling product by month compared to sports season and city team wins and losses"
"knowledge example - Correct Answer choosing not to fire a sales representative who is
underperforming knowing that person is experiencing family problems, listing products that are about to expire first on the menu or creating them as a daily special to move the product"
"information - Correct Answer data converted into a meaningful and useful context"
"report - Correct Answer a document containing data organized in a table, matrix, or graphical format
allowing users to easily comprehend and understand information"
"static report - Correct Answer a report created once based on data that does not change"
"dynamic report - Correct Answer a report that changes automatically during creation"
"variable - Correct Answer a data characteristic that stands for a value that changes or varies over
time"
"predictive analytics - Correct Answer extracts information from data and uses it to predict future
trends and identify behavioral patterns"
"behavior analytics - Correct Answer uses data about people's behaviors to understand intent and
predict future actions"
"knowledge - Correct Answer skills, experience, and expertise coupled with information and
intelligence that creates a person's intellectual resources"
"knowledge worker - Correct Answer individuals values for their ability to interpret and analyze
information"
"accounting - Correct Answer records, measures, and reports monetary transactions"
"chief data officer - Correct Answer responsible for determining the types of information the
enterprise will capture, retain, analyze, and share"
"chief technology officer (CTO) - Correct Answer responsible for ensuring the throughput, speed,
accuracy, availability, and reliability of an organization's information technology"
"chief security officer (CSO) - Correct Answer responsible for ensuring the security of MIS systems and
developing strategies and MIS safeguards against attacks from hackers and viruses"
"chief privacy officer (CPO) - Correct Answer responsbile for ensuring the ethical and legal use of
information within a company"
"chief knowledge officer (CKO) - Correct Answer responsbile for collecting, maintaining, and
distributing company knowledge"
"chief intellectual property officer - Correct Answer manage and defend intellectual property,
copyrights, and patens"
"chief automation officer - Correct Answer determines if a person or business process can be replaced
by a robot or software"
"chief user experience officer - Correct Answer create the optimal relationship between user and
technology"
"MIS skills gap - Correct Answer the difference between existing MIS workplace knowledge and the
knowledge required to fulfill the business goals and strategies"
"business strategy - Correct Answer a leadership plan that achieves a specific set of goals or objectives
such as increasing sales, decreasing costs, entering new markets, or developing new products or services"
"stakeholder - Correct Answer a person or group that has an interest or concern in an organization"
"competitive advantage - Correct Answer a feature of a product or service on which customers place a
greater value than on similar offerings from competitors"
"first-mover advantage - Correct Answer an advantage that occurs when a company can significantly
increase its market share by being first to market with a competitive advantage"
"competitive intelligence - Correct Answer the process of gathering information about the competitive
environment, including competitors' plans, activities, and products, to improve a company's ability to succeed"
"SWOT analysis - Correct Answer evaluates an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
and threats to identify significant influences that work for or against business strategies"
"Porter's 5 Forces Model - Correct Answer a model for analyzing the competitive forces within the
environment in which a company operates, to assess the potential for profitability in an industry"
"buyer power - Correct Answer the ability of buyers to affect the price they must pay for an item"
"switching costs - Correct Answer costs that make customers reluctant to switch to another product or
service"
"loyalty program - Correct Answer a program to reward customers based on spending"
"supply chain - Correct Answer all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in obtaining raw materials or
a product"
"rivalry among existing competitors - Correct Answer one of porter's 5 forces; high when competition
is fierce in a market and low when competitors are more complacent"
"product differentiation - Correct Answer an advantage that occurs when a company develops unique
differences in its products with the intent to influence demand"
"porter's 3 generic strategies - Correct Answer generic business strategies that are neither
organization nor industry specific and can be applied to any business, product, or service"
"support value activities - Correct Answer firm infrastructure, human resource management,
technology development (and R&D), procuremtn"
"primary value activities - Correct Answer receive and store raw materials, make the product or
service, deliver the product or service, market and sell the product or service, service after the sale"
"business process - Correct Answer standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task"
"value chain analysis - Correct Answer views a firm as a series of business processes that each add
value to the product or service"
"primary value activities - Correct Answer found at the bottom of the value chain, these include
business processes that acquire raw materials and manufacture, deliver, market, sell, ad provide after- sales services"
"support value activities - Correct Answer found along the top of the value chain and includes business
processes, such as firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development, and procurement that support the primary value activities"
"key performance indicators (KPIs) - Correct Answer quantifiable metrics a company uses to evaluate
progress towards critical success factors"
"market share - Correct Answer the proportion of the market that a firm captures"
"CSF examples - Correct Answer -create high-quality products
-retain competitive advantages -reduce product costs -increase customer satisfaction -hire and retain the best business professionals"
"KPI examples - Correct Answer -turnover rates of employees
-percentage of help desk calls answered in the first minute -number of product returns -number of new customers -average customer spending"
"return on investment (ROI) - Correct Answer indicates the earning power of a project"
"best practices - Correct Answer the most successful solutions or problem-solving methods that have
been developed by a specific organization or industry"
"efficiency metrics - Correct Answer -throughput
-transaction speed -system availability -information accuracy -response time"
"effectiveness metrics - Correct Answer -usability
-customer satisfaction -conversion rates -financial"
"throughput - Correct Answer the amount of information that can travel through a system at any point
in time"
"transaction speed - Correct Answer the amount of time a system takes to perform a transaction"
"system availability - Correct Answer the number of hours a system is available for users"
"information accuracy - Correct Answer the extent to which a system generates the correct results
when executing the same transaction numerous times"
"response time - Correct Answer the time it takes to respond to user interactions such as a mouse
click"
"usability - Correct Answer the easy with which people perform transactions and/or find information"
"customer satisfaction - Correct Answer measured by satisfaction surveys, percentage of existing
customers retained, and increases in revenue dollars per customer"
"efficiency MIS metrics - Correct Answer measure the performance of MIS itself such as throughput,
transaction speed, and system availability"
"benchmark - Correct Answer baseline values the system seeks to attain"
"benchmarking - Correct Answer a process of continuously measuring system results, comparing those
results to optimal system performance (benchmark values), and identifying steps and procedures to improve system performance"
"model - Correct Answer a simplified representation or abstraction of reality"
"transactional information - Correct Answer encompasses all of the information contained within a
single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational or structured decisions"
"online transaction processing (OLTP) - Correct Answer the capturing of transaction and event
information using technology to:
- process the information according to defined business rules
- store the information
- update existing information to reflect the new information"
"transaction processing system (TPS) - Correct Answer the basic business system that serves the
operational level (analysts) and assists in making structured decisions"
"analytical information - Correct Answer encompasses all organizational information, and its primary
purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis or semistructured decisions"
"online analytical processing (OLAP) - Correct Answer the manipulation of information to create
business intelligence in support of strategic decision making"
"fuzzy logic - Correct Answer a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information"
"genetic algorithm - Correct Answer an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary,
survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem"
"mutation - Correct Answer the process within a genetic algorithm of randomly trying combinations
and evaluating the success (or failure) of the outcome"
"types of artificial intelligence - Correct Answer -expert systems (playing chess)
-neural networks (credit card companies checking for fraud) -genetic algorithms (investment companies in trading decisions) -intelligent agents (environmental scanning and competitive intelligence) -virtual reality (working virtually around the globe)"
"shopping bot - Correct Answer software that will search several retailer websites and provide a
comparison of each retailer's offerings including price and availability"
"virtual reality - Correct Answer a computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of the
real world or an imaginary world"
"customer-facing process - Correct Answer results in a product or service that is received by an
organization's external customer"
"business-facing process - Correct Answer invisible to the external customer but essential to the
effective management of the business; they include goal setting, day-to-day planning, giving performance feedback and rewards, and allocating resources"
"business process patent - Correct Answer a patent that protects a specific set of procedures for
conducting a particular business activity"
"core process - Correct Answer business processes, such as manufacturing goods, selling products, and
providing service that make up the primary activities in a value chain"
"static process - Correct Answer a systematic approach in attempt to improve business effectiveness
and efficiency"
"5 steps in the order-to-delivery business process - Correct Answer 1) marketing (create
campaign/check inventory)
- sales (place order, notify production, check credit)
- operations management (manufacture goods)
- accounting & finance (deliver goods, bill customer)
- customer service (support sale)"
"business process modeling (or mapping) - Correct Answer the activity of creating a detailed flowchart
or process map of a work process tasks, and activities in a structured sequence"
"as-is process model - Correct Answer represents the current state of the operation that has been
mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes"
"to-be process model - Correct Answer shows the results of applying change improvement
opportunities to to the current (as-is) process model"
"customer-facing processes - Correct Answer -order processing
-customer service -sales process -customer billing -order shipping"
"industry-specific customer facing processes - Correct Answer -banking: loan processes
-insurance: claims processing -government: grant allocation -hotel: reservation handling -airline: baggage handling"
"business-facing processes - Correct Answer -strategic planning
-tactical planning -budget forecasting -training -purchasing raw materials"
"swim lane - Correct Answer layout arranges the steps of a business process into a set of rows
depicting the various elements"
"BPMN event - Correct Answer anything that happens during the course of a business process.
-represented by a circle -includes customer requests, time requests, or the end of the process"
"BPMN activity - Correct Answer a task in a business process
-any work that is being performed in a process -represented by a rounded-corner rectangle
"business process reengineering (BPR) - Correct Answer the analysis and redesign of workflow within
and between enterprises"
"business process reengineering model - Correct Answer 1) set project scope
- study competition
- create new processes
- implement solution"
"digital darwinism - Correct Answer implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands
placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction"
"disruptive technology - Correct Answer a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the
needs of existing customers"
"sustaining technology - Correct Answer produces an improved product customers are eager to buy,
such as a faster car or larger hard drive"
"internet - Correct Answer a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows
them to communicate with one another"
"web 1.0 (or business 1.0) - Correct Answer refers to the world wide web during its first few years or
operation between 1991 and 2003"
"ecommerce - Correct Answer the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet"
"ebusiness - Correct Answer includes commerce along with all activities related to internal and
external business operations such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating with partners, and exchanging real-time information"
"paradigm shift - Correct Answer occurs when a new radical form of business enters the market that
reshapes the way companies and organizations behave"
"information richness - Correct Answer refers to the depth and breadth of details contained in a piece
of textual, graphic, audio or video information"
"information reach - Correct Answer measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all
over the world"
"mass customization - Correct Answer the ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to
the customers' specifications"
"personalization - Correct Answer occurs when a company knows enough about a customer's likes and
dislikes that it can fashion offers more likely to appeal to that person, say by tailoring its website to individuals or groups based on profile information, demographics, or prior transactions"
"long tail - Correct Answer referring to the tail of a typical sales curve"
"intermediaries - Correct Answer agents, software, or businesses that provide a trading infrastructure
to bring buyers and sellers together"
"disintermediation - Correct Answer occurs when a business sells direct to the customer online and
cuts out the intermediary"
"ebusiness advantages - Correct Answer -expanding global reach
-opening new markets -reducing costs -improving operations -improving effectiveness"
"reintermediation - Correct Answer steps are added to the value chain as new players find ways to add
value to the business process"
"cybermediation - Correct Answer refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply
could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness"
"interactivity - Correct Answer measures advertising effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with
the target ad, including time spent viewing the ad, number of pages viewed, and number of repeat visits to the advertisements"
"clickstream data - Correct Answer exact pattern of a consumer's navigation through a site"
"business model - Correct Answer a plan that deals how a company creates, delivers, and generates
revenues"
"ebusiness model - Correct Answer a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates
revenues on the internet"
"dot-com - Correct Answer the original term for a company operating on the Internet"
"business-to-business (B2B) - Correct Answer applies to businesses buying from and selling to each
other over the internet"
"business-to-consumer (B2C) - Correct Answer applies to any business that sells its products or
services directly to consumers online"
"video-conference - Correct Answer allows people at two or more locations to interact via two-way
video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computer displays, and whiteboards"
"ebusiness tools - Correct Answer -email
-content management system -web conferencing -videoconferencing -podcasting -instant messaging"
"web conferencing (webinar) - Correct Answer blends videoconferencing with document-sharing and
allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically dispersed participants"
"content management system (CMS) - Correct Answer helps companies manage the creation, storage,
editing, and publication of their website content"
"taxonomy - Correct Answer the scientific classification of organisms into groups based on similarities
of structure or origin"
"information architecture - Correct Answer the set of ideas about how all information in a given
context should be organized"
"challenges facing Ebusiness - Correct Answer -identifying limited market segments
-ensuring consumer protection -managing consumer trust -adhering to taxation rules"
"web 2.0 (or business 2.0) - Correct Answer the next generation of internet use--a more mature,
distinctive communications platform characterized by new qualities such as collaboration, sharing, and free"
"open system - Correct Answer consists of nonproprietary hardware and software based on publicly
known standards that allows third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system"
"source code - Correct Answer contains instructions written by a programmer specifying the actions to
be performed by computer software"
"closed source - Correct Answer any proprietary software licensed under exclusive legal right of the
copyright holder"
"open source - Correct Answer refers to any software whose source code is made available free for
any third party to review and modify"
"user-contributed content (also referred to as user-generated content) - Correct Answer content
created and updated by many users for many users"
"native advertising - Correct Answer an online marketing concept in which the advertiser attempts to
gain attention by providing content in the context of the user's experience in terms of its content, format, style, or placement"
"reputation system - Correct Answer where buyers post feedback on sellers"
"collaboration system - Correct Answer a set of tools that supports the work of teams or groups by
facilitating the sharing and flow of information"
"collective intelligence - Correct Answer collaborating and tapping into the core knowledge of all
employees, partners, and customers"
"knowledge management (KM) - Correct Answer involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving,
and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions"
"knowledge management system (KMS) - Correct Answer supports the capturing, organization, and
dissemination of knowledge (I.e. know-how) throughout an organization"
"explicit knowledge - Correct Answer consists of anything that can be documented, archives, and
codified, often with the help of MIS"
"tacit knowledge - Correct Answer the knowledge contained in people's heads"
"crowdsourcing - Correct Answer refers to the wisdom of the crowd"
"crowdfunding - Correct Answer sources capital for a project by raising many small amounts from a
large number of individuals, typically via the internet"
"asynchronous communication - Correct Answer communication such as email in which the message
and the response do not occur at the same time"
"synchronous communication - Correct Answer communications that occur at the same time such as
IM or chat"
"social media - Correct Answer refers to websites that rely on user participation and user-contributed
content"
"mashup - Correct Answer a website or web application that uses content from more than one source
to create a completely new product or service"
"application programming interface (API) - Correct Answer a set of routines, protocols, and tools for
building software applications"
"mashup editor - Correct Answer WYSIWYGs or what you see is what you get tools"
"challenges of business 2.0 - Correct Answer technology dependence, information vandalism,
violations of copyright and plagiarism"
"semantic web - Correct Answer a component of web 3.0 that describes things in a way that
computers can understand"
"egovernment - Correct Answer involves the use of strategies and technologies to transform
government(s) by improving the delivery of services and enhancing the quality of interaction between the citizen-consumer within all branches of government"
"mobile business (or mbusiness, mcommerce) - Correct Answer the ability to purchase goods and
services through a wireless internet-enabled device"
"copyright - Correct Answer the legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a song,
book, or video game"
"intellectual property - Correct Answer intangible creative work that is embodied in physical form and
includes copyrights, trademarks, and patents"
"patent - Correct Answer an exclusive right to make, use, and sell an invention granted by a
government to the inventor"
"ethics - Correct Answer the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people"
"privacy - Correct Answer the right to be left alone when you want to be, to have control over your
personal possessions, and not to be observed without your consent"
"confidentiality - Correct Answer the assurance that messages and information remain available only
to those authorized to view them"
"information ethics - Correct Answer govern the ethical and moral issues arising from the
development and use of information technologies, as well as the creation, collection, duplication, distribution, and processing of information itself (with or without the aid of computer technologies)"
"pirated software - Correct Answer the unauthorized use, duplication, distribution, or sale of
copyrighted software"
"counterfeit software - Correct Answer software that is manufactured to look like the real thing and
sold as such"
"digital rights management - Correct Answer a technological solution that allows publishers to control
their digital media to discourage, limit, or prevent illegal copying and distribution"
"information secrecy - Correct Answer the category of computer security that addresses the
protection of data from unauthorized disclosure and confirmation of data source authenticity"
"information governance - Correct Answer a method or system of government for information
management or control"
"information compliance - Correct Answer the act of conforming, acquiescing, or yielding information"
"information management - Correct Answer examines the organizational resource of information and
regulates its definitions, uses, value, and distribution, ensuring that it has the types of data/information required to function and grow effectively"
"information property - Correct Answer an ethical issue that focuses on who owns information about
individuals and how information can be sold and exchanged"
"ediscovery - Correct Answer refers to the ability of a company to identify, search, gather, seize, or
export digital information in responding to a litigation, audit, investigation, or information inquiry"
"child online protection act (COPA) - Correct Answer a law that protects minors from accessing
inappropriate material on the internet"
"epolicies - Correct Answer policies and procedures that address information management along with
the ethical use of computers and the internet in the business environment"
"cyberbullying - Correct Answer threats, negative remarks, or defamatory comments transmitted via
the internet or posted on a website"
"threat - Correct Answer an act or object that poses a danger to assets"
"click-fraud - Correct Answer the abuse of pay-per-click, pay-per-call, and pay-per-conversion revenue
models by repeatedly clicking on a link to increase charges or costs for the advertiser"
"competitive click-fraud - Correct Answer a computer crime where a competitor or disgruntled
employee increases a company's search advertising costs by repeatedly clicking on the advertiser's link"
