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IPM Evolution Continued - Integrated Pest Management - Handout, Exercises of Pest Management

The LNM Institute of Information TechnologyPest Management

Main topics of this course are: Biocontrol Approaches, Decision Making, Disadvantages of Cultural Controls, EBPM Status, Enforced Crop Production Rules, Hybrid Sterility, IPM Evolution Continued, Regulatory Tactics, Resistance Categories. Key points of this lecture handout are: Ipm Evolution Continued, Silent Spring Coincided, Environmental Protection, Reducing Pesticides, Biomagnification, Economic Analyses, Ipm Strategic Plans, Current Status, Physical Damage, Cosmetic Damage

Typology: Exercises

2012/2013

Uploaded on 08/31/2013

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IPM Evolution Continued
Reading Assignment
Norris et al. Chapter 2. Pests and Their Impacts. Pp. 15 - 45
Silent Spring in Context of its Time
In the 10 years before Silent Spring…
• Many new innovations were introduced. Pesticides were
viewed as one of them.
• Widespread attitude was that man could control nature.
Pesticides were a manifestation of that view.
• After the depression & war, people wanted to believe that the
govt & corporations could be trusted.
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IPM Evolution Continued

Reading Assignment

Norris et al. Chapter 2. Pests and Their Impacts. Pp. 15 - 45

Silent Spring in Context of its Time

In the 10 years before Silent Spring…

  • Many new innovations were introduced. Pesticides were viewed as one of them.
  • Widespread attitude was that man could control nature. Pesticides were a manifestation of that view.
  • After the depression & war, people wanted to believe that the govt & corporations could be trusted.

Silent Spring Coincided with Other Events

  • 1962 – John Glen’s first orbital flight.
  • 1962 – Thalidomide taken off market (problem identified 11/61, public outrage throughout 1962).
  • 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis
  • 1961 – 1963 – MLK’s movement climaxes
  • 1961 – 1963 – US increased presence from 900 to 16,000 in Viet Nam
  • 1963 – JFK assassinated

Silent Spring Aftermath

  • 1973 – IBP project started
    • Emphasized pest control as a system
    • Introduced pest modeling/decision tools
    • Only for insects

IPM Concept Solidifies in the 1970’s

  • 1975 – First textbook, Metcalf & Luckman (former had been criticized in SS)
  • 1978 – CIPM project replaces IBP
    • Included weeds & plant pathogens
    • Included economic analyses
  • 1978 – KY statewide IPM program began

IPM Becomes Ingrained

  • 1984 – IPM becomes an annual federal budget item
  • Large-scale scouting programs rise, decline, and stabilize in the 1980 ’s
  • 1993 – National IPM Initiative: 75 % of US cropland to have IPM by 2000
  • 2000 – National effort to develop “Crop Profiles” and “IPM Strategic Plans”

Current Status

  • IPM widely recognized as the proper approach to dealing with pests in production agriculture.
  • Physical damage
  • Loss of harvest quality
  • Cosmetic damage
  • Vectoring of pathogens
  • Direct contamination

General Impact of Pests – Non-injury

  • Costs incurred to implement controls
  • Environmental and social costs
  • Regulatory costs (embargoes, quarantines, shipment costs, etc.)

Crop Injury in More Detail

  • Crop Injury
    • Tissue Injury
      • Leaves
      • Structural
      • Roots
      • Flowers and Fruiting/Reproductive Tissues
      • General Systemic Injury
    • Competition
      • Water, Light, Nutrients
    • Allelopathy

Tissue Injury to Leaves

Tissue Injury to Leaves

Tissue Injury to Leaves

Tissue Injury to Leaves

Tissue Injury to Leaves

Tissue Injury to Leaves

Tissue Injury to Leaves