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Intro To Biology Final Exam WELL
ELABORATED Questions And Answers
Which organelles produce proteins in the cell?
ribosomes
Which organelles produce most of the energy needed by a cell?
mitochondria
What is the function of a cell membrane?
control what goes in and out of cell
What is the independent variable in an experiment
the variable the scientist changes or manipulates
Parts of the cell theory
Cell basic unit of living things, cells only come from other cells, all living things made of cells.
The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover and learn about these
cells
How many independent variables should an experiment have?
one
An organism's ability to maintain stable internal conditions
homeostasis
The source of energy for most autotrophs is
the sun
The mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources is known as
spontaneous generation
A change in an organism's surroundings that causes it to react is called
stimulus
having more young than will survive
non-living
abiotic
Raw materials for respiration
glucose (sugar) and oxygen
the likelihood that a particular event will occur
probability
The different forms of a gene
alleles
Alleles are neither dominant nor recessive
codominance
Chromosome pairs to split to form new reproductive cells (with half the number of chromosomes)
meiosis
Genetic makeup
genotype
Physical appearance
phenotype
Chromosomes for human female
XX
Chromosome for human male
XY
Gradual change in a species over time
evolution
Picture of chromosomes
karyotype
Two recessive alleles
tt
What a Punnett Square shows
all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
Can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring
species
The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
natural selection
Species that no longer has any living members
extinct
Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestors
homologous structures
The broadest of classification levels
kingdom
Energy source for photosynthesis
sun
the process of breaking down food to release its energy
respiration
characteristic of all plants
autotrophic
A naming system in which each organism is given a two-part name
binomial nomenclature
process where water and carbon dioxide are used to create sugar (glucose) and oxygen
photosynthesis
characteristic of all animals
Important role do bacteria called decomposers play
return basic chemicals to the environment
Reason why viruses are considered non-living
cannot reproduce on their own
Way vascular plants are different than non-vascular plants
the way they transport water
Benefit to producing seeds
can live in dry environments
Reproductive structure of gymnosperms
cones
Reproductive structure of angiosperms
flowers
Transfer of pollen from male to female flower
pollination
Angiosperm produce...
fruits
Female flower part where pollen lands
pistil
Part of flower that become the fruit
ovary
Animal that has a backbone
vertebrate
Animal that hunts and kills another for food
predator
habitat
Consumers that eat both plants and animals
omnivores
An organism that can make its own food
autotrophs
The diffusion of water
osmosis
Eat only plants
herbivores
Close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species
symbiosis
All the different populations that live together in an area
community
The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources
competition
Not able to make own food-must eat other organisms
heterotrophs
The study of how things interact with each other and their environment
ecology
First organisms in a food chain
producer
The many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem make up a(n)
food web
What do producers release as a result of photosynthesis?
oxygen
