Internet Programming: Introduction to WWW and Web Security, Lecture notes of Internet and Information Access

Download Internet Programming: Introduction to WWW and Web Security and more Lecture notes Internet and Information Access in PDF only on Docsity!

ITNB

INTERNET PROGRAMMING

Topics

 Definition  Internet Technology  Client Server Computing  Phases of Website Development

Web or Internet

 Web or Internet, both are not the same things.  The Internet is a collection of computers or networking devices connecting together.  Devices can communicate with each other.  The Web is a collection of documents that are interconnected by hyper-links.  These documents are accessed by Web Browsers and provided by Web Servers.

Web Terminologies

 Client: Any computer on the network that requests services from another computer on the network.  Server: Any computer that receives from client computer, processes and sends the output.  Web Page: Any page that is hosted on the Internet.  Web Site: Collection of interlinked web pages that is hosted on the Internet.  Web Development: The process of creating, modifying web pages.  Web Browser: A program that receives information from the web E.g. IE, Chrome, Mozilla, Maxthon etc.

Who defines Web Standard?

 The Web standards are not defined or setup by the browser companies or Microsoft, but the Word Wide Web Consortium (W3C).  W3C’s long term goals for the web are:

• Universal Access: to make the Web accessible to all the promoting technologies that take into account the vast differences in culture, languages, education, ability, material resources, and physical limitations of user on all continents.
• Semantic Web: To develop a software environment that permits each user to make the best use of the resources available on the web.
• Web of Trust: To guide the web’s development with careful consideration for the novel legal, commercial, and social issues raised by this technology.

History of Internet

 The internet grew out of many developments in computer networking and telecommunications research.  Early projects undertaken in early 1960’s by the US military (Known as DRAPAnet).  Started with a dozen of networked computer systems of universities and institutions, allowing computers to be shared.  Allowing fast communication between researchers through Emails.  Only people in the government, military and academic had access to the network.  In 1991 , the National Science Foundation (NSF) gradually started baking off from its subsidy of the backbone network, then allowed the commercial access to the internet.

Protocols Governing Web

 Protocols are the set of conventions governing the processing and especially the data in an electronic communication systems.  The different protocols governing the web are:  HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol):  Protocol used to access data on the WWW.  Uses one TCP connection on well known port-80.  Two types of HTTP messages: Request, Response.  Used to transport HTML pages from web servers to web browsers.  Transfer data in the form of plain text, hypertext, audio, video, and so on.

 FTP (File Transfer Protocol)  File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is the protocol that actually lets us transfer files, and it can accomplish this between any two machines using it.  SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)  It is used to transport mail over Internet.  POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3)  This protocol is used by clients to access an internet mail server to get mail.

Protocols Governing Web (Cont.)

Protocols Governing Web (Cont.)

 TELNET (File Transfer Protocol)  It allows a user on a remote client machine, called the Telnet client, to access the resources of another machine, the Telnet server.  DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)  DHCP assigns IP addresses to hosts.  It allows easier administration and works well in small to even very large network environments.

Web Applications

 Why we use Web Applications?  Lower maintenance and production costs.  Easily accessible.  Web applications run in web browser and web servers, they do not depend on installing client software on each user’s computer.  Reduces the time and cost.  Not limited to any specific application.

Web Applications

 Types of Web Applications:  Brochure web applications: composed of static web pages.  Service oriented applications: contain the programming logic to implement the specific service.  Data intensive applications: provide an interface to browse and query large amount of data.  Information system applications: combine the service oriented applications and data intensive applications. E.g online banking system.

Phases of Website Development

 Phase TWO: DESIGN

• Establish a visual hierarchy & placement of content
• Lay out home & main pages using a responsive grid
• Produce a static or live wireframe
• Test & revise as needed

Wireframes

• Review client’s brand standards
• Identify colors & fonts
• Determine overall visual feel
• Using wireframes, design homepage
• Design main pages based on approved homepage
• Create visual assets like buttons, call to actions, etc.
• Produce illustration or photography if needed
• Make final design files & visual assets

Design

Phases of Website Development

 Phase THREE: DEVELOPMENT

• Setup CMS (i.e, WordPress)
• Build themes & page templates
• Install & configure needed plugins
• Program any custom functionality
• Customize back-end Development
• Migrate content including text, visuals & attachments
• Add links & functionality to content
• Proofread & edit where required Populate
• Test performance on different devices & platforms
• Track & correct bugs
• Conduct user testing
• Optimize & adjust as needed
• Assign user roles & train client on CMS Test