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Integrator-Electronics-Lab Report, Exercises of Electronics

Punjab Engineering CollegeElectronics

This lab report is for electronics course. It was submitted to Prof. Melinda Talbert at Punjab Engineering College. It includes: Integrator, input, Output, Waveform, Triangle, Square, Circuit, Wires, Function, Generator, oscilloscope

Typology: Exercises

2011/2012

Uploaded on 07/30/2012

mohan_das
mohan_das 🇮🇳

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Objectives:
a. Construct the integrator shown in figure 1. Sketch the input
and output waveforms for 1 kHz sine wave, triangle wave, and
square wave inputs.
b. Construct the differentiator circuit in figure 2. Sketch the
input and output waveforms for a 1kHz sine wave, triangle
wave, and square wave input as for the integrator
Equipments:
1. Resistors:
a. Rf= 10MΩ
b. R1= 100kΩ x 2
c. R2= 1kΩ
2. IC LM-324 (quad opamp)
3. Oscilloscope
4. Function generator
5. DMM
6. Power Supply dual
7. Wires
8. A Bread Board
9. 10. digital trainer board
Integrator:
The name "operational amplifier" came from this amplifier's ability to
perform mathematical operations. Two good examples of this are the
integrator and differentiator which perform the operations of integration
and differentiation, respectively.
Figure 1: The op amp integrator circuit.
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Objectives:

a. Construct the integrator shown in figure 1. Sketch the input and output waveforms for 1 kHz sine wave, triangle wave, and square wave inputs. b. Construct the differentiator circuit in figure 2. Sketch the input and output waveforms for a 1kHz sine wave, triangle wave, and square wave input as for the integrator

Equipments:

  1. Resistors: a. R (^) f = 10MΩ b. R 1 = 100kΩ x 2 c. R 2 = 1kΩ
  2. IC LM-324 (quad opamp)
  3. Oscilloscope
  4. Function generator
  5. DMM
  6. Power Supply dual
  7. Wires
  8. A Bread Board
    1. digital trainer board

Integrator:

The name "operational amplifier" came from this amplifier's ability to perform mathematical operations. Two good examples of this are the integrator and differentiator which perform the operations of integration and differentiation, respectively.

Figure 1: The op amp integrator circuit.

Construct the integrator shown in figure 1. Sketch the input and output waveforms for 1 kHz sine wave, triangle wave, and square wave inputs. Try to guess what each waveform will look like ahead of time. For your report, include your sketches and show that the output waveform is indeed the integral of the input waveform. Note that the 10MΩ resistor (a very large value) is not in the ideal integrator circuit. What is it there for? (Think about what would happen if a small DC component was present in the input waveform. What would integrate this constant do after a short time?) Try removing it

Differentiator:

Construct the differentiator circuit in figure 2. Sketch the input

and output waveforms for a 1kHz sine wave, triangle wave, and

square wave input as for the integrator. For your report, include

your sketches and show that the output waveform is indeed the

derivative of the input waveform.

Figure2: The differentiator amplifier circuit.

Note here that the 100 pF capacitor (a very small value) is not in

the ideal amplifier. Why do you think it is here? (Think about the

derivative of a square wave, for example. Could high voltages

damage a chip or put a significant noise into the circuit?) Briefly

discuss this in your report.