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Nuances of Research Paper Writing

Dr.Meenakshi Raman

Professor of English & Communication

HoD, Humanities and Social Sciences (Rtd.)

BITS Pilani, India

IISER, Bhopal ( 7-9 March 2019)

Steps (Research is a systematic investigation)

• (^) Topic Selection
• (^) Organizing ideas and setting goals
• (^) Finding sources and resources
• (^) Conducting research ( Lab/ Field/ Survey)
• (^) Reading and evaluating sources
• (^) Developing outlines and effective notes
• (^) Understanding plagiarism
• (^) Drafting the paper in academic style
• (^) Documenting the sources

Structure

• Abstract

• Introduction

• Literature Review

• Materials and Methods

• Results

• Discussion

• Conclusions

• References

• Appendices

Academic Writing

• Writing is an essential part of much academic

work, including assessed work.

• The product of other study activities like

research, note-making, reflection, goal setting.

• There are different purposes and types of

writing but

• All academic writing shares some features and

writing processes.

A good sample

Achieving the goal of malaria elimination will depend on targeting Plasmodium pathways essential across all life stages. Here we identify a lipid kinase, phosphatidylinositol-4-OH kinase (PI(4)K), as the target of imidazopyrazines, a new antimalarial compound class that inhibits the intracellular development of multiple Plasmodium species at each stage of infection in the vertebrate host. Imidazopyrazines demonstrate potent preventive, therapeutic, and transmission- blocking activity in rodent malaria models, are active against blood-stage field isolates of the major human pathogens P. falciparum and P. vivax , and inhibit liver-stage hypnozoites in the simian parasite P. cynomolgi. We show that imidazopyrazines exert their effect through inhibitory interaction with the ATP-binding pocket of PI(4)K, altering the intracellular distribution of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate. Collectively, our data define PI(4)K as a key Plasmodium vulnerability, opening up new avenues of target-based discovery to identify drugs with an ideal activity profile for the prevention, treatment and elimination of malaria. Nature 504 (Dec.2013)

Elements of writing

• Summarize

• Paraphrase

• Synthesize

• Analyze

• Evaluate

Paraphrase

Synthesize

Evaluate

"Write with precision, clarity and

economy. Every sentence should

convey the exact truth as simply

as possible.”

Instructions to Authors ( Ecology 1964 )

Elsevier check list contd…

• Check for proper use of definite articles (the) and

indefinite articles (a, an).

• Check for proper use of prepositions (of, to, on, onto,

etc...).

• Check for complete and correct punctuation (full

stops at the end of sentences, proper use of

commas, semicolons, etc...).

• Check for spelling inconsistencies of the same word

within the article.

• Be consistent in the use of units of measurement.

Elsevier check list contd…

• Be mindful of the rules and structure for switching

between first and third person (switching from using

the ‘I’ form to using the ‘he, she, you or they’ forms).

• Ensure proper use of metaphors and figures of

speech.

• Be consistent in the use of British or American

English spelling.

• Check for consistency in the use of a decimal /

comma (47,9) or a decimal point (47.9).