Download HMD 211 Test 2 Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update | A+ and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity!
HMD 211 Test 2 Questions and
Correct Answers | Latest Update | A+
A classic symptom of severe kwashiorkor is ________ of the legs, feet, and stomach. Ans: edema A diet high in ________ and low in calcium may lead to osteoporosis. Ans: protein A diet that is too high in protein can increase the risk for all of the following conditions except Ans: PKU A fatty acid that has a single double bond is called a Ans: monounsaturated fatty acid. A gene is a segment of ________ that codes for a specific protein. Ans: DNA A gram of protein contains ________ calories.
Ans: 4 A person fighting a fever would be in ________ nitrogen balance. Ans: negative A rare genetic disorder, phenylketonuria (PKU), is caused by the body's inability to properly degrade Ans: phenylalanine A starving person would be in ________ nitrogen balance. Ans: negative A vegan diet excludes which of the following foods? Ans: any foods of animal origin A vegetarian diet has not been shown to lower the risk for which of the following diseases? Ans: colds According to the latest DRIs, what is the recommended minimum amount of carbohydrates that should be consumed daily?
An overweight individual's protein needs are Ans: not much greater than those of a normal-weight person of similar height. An ovo-vegetarian will eat all of the following foods except Ans: cheese Approximately how long does it take for liver glycogen stores to be depleted? Ans: 18 hours Both fat and ________ are important sources of stored energy. Ans: glycogen Carbohydrate digestion begins in the Ans: mouth Children with kwashiorkor typically have a diet that is high in carbohydrates and extremely low in Ans: protein
Chylomicrons transports lipids via which body system? Ans: lymphatic system Compounds in your body that consist of numerous amino acids and are found in all living cells are called Ans: proteins Denaturation of a protein results in Ans: alterations in the protein's function. Digestion of protein within the stomach begins with the enzyme Ans: pepsin Fat is the common name for which of the following substances? Ans: triglycerides HDLs remove cholesterol from the cells and deliver it to the Ans: liver High levels of C-reactive protein in the blood indicate that
Of the following actions, the most effective way to improve HDL cholesterol levels is to Ans: engage in routine exercise. People with a deficiency of the enzyme lactase cannot properly digest Ans: milk sugar. Phospholipids are made up of how many fatty acid chains? Ans: 2 Plants make glucose through a process called Ans: photosynthesis Proteins can be denatured or rendered inactive by which of the following factors? Ans: acids Proteins that act as biological catalysts and speed up chemical reactions are Ans: enzymes. Proteins that minimize fluctuations in pH are known as Ans: buffers
Sterol has four connecting rings made of which of the following elements? Ans: carbon and hydrogen Symptoms of ________ include light-headedness, dizziness, shakiness, and hunger. Ans: hypoglycemia Syndrome X includes all following conditions except Ans: elevated levels of HDL cholesterol. The ________ converts galactose and fructose to glucose. Ans: liver The ________ refers to the measured upward rise, peak, and eventual fall of blood glucose following the consumption of a carbohydrate-intense food. Ans: glycemic index The absorption of amino acids occurs in the Ans: small intestine.
Ans: gluconeogenesis The current AMDR recommendation for fat in the American diet is Ans: 20 to 35 percent. The current DRIs recommend that you consume ________ grams of fiber for every 1, calories you eat. Ans: 14 The disaccharide lactose is composed of glucose and Ans: galactose. The energy content of fat is ________ calories per gram. Ans: 9 The enzyme ________ begins the digestion of starch in the mouth. Ans: amylase The function of glycogen is to Ans: store glucose in humans and animals.
The iron and zinc needs of vegetarians tend to be higher than those of nonvegetarians, in part due to ________ in grains, which inhibits the absorption of zinc and iron from foods. Ans: phytate The molecule that directs protein synthesis in cells is Ans: DNA The most abundant protein in the body is Ans: collagen The most common inherited blood disorder in the United States is Ans: sickle-cell anemia. The nitrogen removed from an amino acid generates ammonia, which is converted to ________ and excreted in the urine. Ans: urea The phosphate-containing head of a phospholipid attracts water and is thus said to be Ans: polar
Viscous soluble fiber helps to lower blood cholesterol levels by interfering with the reabsorption of ________ in the intestines. Ans: bile acids What is the approximate protein requirement for a 24-year-old female who weighs 125 pounds? Ans: 45 gram What is the maximum number of grams of fat that can be consumed by a person who eats 2,400 calories per day and wants no more than 30 percent of her calories to be from fat? Ans: 80 What is the source of glucose to supply the energy needs in a person who has not eaten for seven hours? Ans: liver glycogen What percent of total calories should come from linoleic acid? Ans: 5 to 10 percent When a diet is chronically low in both proteins and calories, the condition is called
Ans: PEM When does glycogenesis occur? Ans: when there is excess glucose in the blood When too much sugar is consumed in the diet, glucose in the blood exceeds the body's need for energy, and glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, and as ________ in fat tissue. Ans: triglycerides Which foods are most likely missing when a person is on a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet? Ans: fruits Which of the following actions likely has the smallest impact on your LDL cholesterol level? Ans: dietary cholesterol intake Which of the following amino acids was once thought to be essential only for infants? Ans: histidine
Which of the following factors does not lead to PEM? Ans: obesity Which of the following food pairings is more likely to be an example of combining two incomplete proteins to achieve protein complementation? Ans: vegetables and rice Which of the following foods has the lowest protein content? Ans: 1 cup melon Which of the following foods is most likely to promote dental caries? Ans: raisins Which of the following foods should provide the majority of fat in the Mediterranean diet? Ans: olive oil and olives Which of the following hormones does not increase blood glucose levels? Ans: insulin
Which of the following is not a component of arterial plaque? Ans: fluoride Which of the following is not the name of a sugar? Ans: lignin Which of the following items is not a number-one source of added sugars in the American diet? Ans: breakfast cereals Which of the following lipids do not contain a glycerol backbone? Ans: sterols Which of the following lipids is a precursor for both vitamin D and testosterone? Ans: cholesterol Which of the following lipoproteins delivers fat made in the liver to the tissues? Ans: VLDL Which of the following markers in the blood is not a sign of heart disease?
Ans: It lowers the risk of developing kidney disease. Which of the following statements regarding diabetes in children is true? Ans: Type 1 is not the only type of diabetes seen in children. Which of the following statements regarding the amount of carbohydrate you should consume daily is incorrect? Ans: The AMDR for carbohydrates is 20 to 35 percent of your total daily calories. Which of the following statements regarding trans fats is correct? Ans: Their consumption raises LDL levels and lowers HDL levels. Which of the following states of nitrogen balance is a pregnant woman typically in? Ans: positive nitrogen balance Which of the following substances has the FDA mandated be added to foods containing olestra? Ans: fat-soluble vitamins Which of the following substances is a major component of cell membranes?
Ans: phospholipids Which of the following substances is a saturated fatty acid? Ans: stearic acid Which of the following substances is produced by hydrogenating an unsaturated fatty acid? Ans: a trans fatty acid Which of the following substances is not a lipoprotein? Ans: micelle Which of the following substances is not a polysaccharide? Ans: galactose Which of the following terms encompasses all of the other listed terms? Ans: lipoprotein Which of the following types of lipoprotein contains the highest percentage of protein? Ans: HDL
