Harvard Referencing, Study notes of Communication

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The University of South Wales Guide to

Harvard Referencing

Revised Edition May 2021

This document is available in Welsh. Mae’r ddogfen hon ar gael yn Gymraeg.

Guide to Harvard referencing

Contents Next u

• Referencing
• Short quotation
• Long quotation
• Secondary referencing
• publication in the same year Referencing author with more than one
• Books
• Journals
• Newspapers
• The Internet
• Conferences/theses/public lectures
• Other sources
• Visual sources
• Audio-visual material
• Live performances
• Computer games
• Computer programmes
• Personal communication

An example of a referenced paragraph and referencing list

referencing/quoting^3

Student Development and Study Skills 2015. Adapted from: Leeds Metropolitan University (2009) Quote, unquote: A guide to Harvard referencing, p. 6. Available at: http:// http://skillsforlearning.leedsmet.ac.uk/Quote_Unquote.pdf (Accessed: 11 July 2010).

In-text example: Chartrand, Millar and Wiltshire (1997, p.1) argue that “…they [laws] can be said to be just when they create the conditions leading to peace, happiness and prosperity for all persons”. This view is…

Reference example: Chartrand, M., Millar, C. and Wiltshire, E. (1997) English for contract and company law. London: Sweet and Maxwell.

Note Short quotations, up to two or three lines should be put in double quotation marks and included in the body of the text.

Short quotation

In-text example: Most false-belief tests use children with a mental age of 3-4 years but all those children with autism tested had a mental age higher than this (Baron-Cohen, 1989a). In a further experiment (Baron-Cohen, 1989b) children with autism were asked what they thought the brain was for.

Reference example: Baron-Cohen, S. (1989a) ‘The autistic child’s theory of mind: A case of specific developmental delay’, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 30, pp. 285-298.

Baron-Cohen, S. (1989b) ‘Are autistic children behaviourists? An examination of their mental-physical and appearance-reality distinctions’, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19, pp. 579-600.

Note If you need to cite two (or more) publications by an author published in the same year, you will need to distinguish between them in the text and in the reference list. You do this by allocating lower case letters in alphabetical order after the publication date.

Author with more than one publication in the same year

In-text example: McMahon’s (1994) experience as cited in Parahoo (2006, p. 246) draws attention to the dilemma surrounding the issue of persuasion when attempting to recruit participants.

Reference example: Parahoo, K. (2006) Nursing research: principles, process and issues. 2nd edn. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Note Sometimes authors refer to the work/ideas of others. These are known as secondary references. For instance, Parahoo in 2006 makes reference to McMahon’s experience in 1994. The details of Parahoo’s work should be included in the reference list since this is the work you have read. (It is not advisable to use too many of these).

Secondary referencing

(^4) quoting

In-text example: Most people are biased in one way or another. Person bias , sometimes called the fundamental attribution error , is claimed to be the most common.

So we see a nurse, or a teacher or a policeman or policewoman going about their business and tend to judge them as being particular types of people rather than as people being constrained by the roles that they are playing in their work (Strongman, 2006, p. 94).

Reference example: Strongman, K. T. (2006) Applying psychology to everyday life: a beginner’s guide. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

Note Longer quotations should be indented from the main text as a separate paragraph. Quotation marks are not required.

Long quotation

6

In-text example: “I prithee do not mock me fellow student” (Shakespeare, 1980, 1.2:177).

Reference example Shakespeare, W. (1980) Hamlet. Edited by Spencer, T.J.B. London: Penguin. 1.2:177.

Reference order:

1. Author of play (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title (in italics)
4. Edition (only include the edition number if it is not the first edition)
5. Edition information if relevant eg Edited by (surname followed by initials)
6. Place of publication: Publisher
7. Act. Scene: line

Lines within a play

In-text example: Increasingly complex and refined electrical systems have had a significant impact on the changing form of telecommunications (Anttalainen, 2003).

Reference example: Anttalainen, T. (2003) Introduction to telecommunication network engineering. NetLibrary. Available at: http:// www.netlibrary.com (Accessed: 20 June 2011).

Reference order:

1. Author(s) / editor(s) (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication of book (in round brackets)
3. Title of book (in italics)
4. Edition (only include the edition number if it is not the first edition)
5. Name of e-book collection (in italics)
6. Available at: URL/OR doi
7. (Accessed: date)

E-book

In-text example: According to Forsyth (2011, Location 532 of 5144) “Our word sky comes from the Viking word for cloud , but in England there’s simply no difference between the two concepts, and so the word changed its meaning because of the awful weather.”

Reference example: Forsyth, M. (2011) The etymologicon: A circular stroll through the hidden connections of the English language. Kindle format [e-book reader]. Available at: http://www.amazon.co.uk (Accessed: 20 January 2012).

Reference order:

1. Author(s) / editor(s) (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets) (use the publication date of the version being used)
3. Title of book (in italics)
4. Edition (only include the edition number if it is not the first edition)
5. E book format (Kindle format, ePub format, Adobe ebook format etc)
6. [e-book reader]
7. Available at: URL/OR doi
8. (Accessed: date)

E-Book via an e-book reader eg Kindle

(^6) books

In-text example: Many aspects of school management are discussed in Spencer (2007).

Reference example: Spencer, J. (ed.) (2007) School management and finance opportunities and problems. London: Ford Publishers. Financial Education Series, 23.

Reference order:

1. Editor(s) followed by (ed.) or (eds.) (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title (in italics)
4. Edition (only include the edition number if it is not the first edition)
5. Place of publication: Publisher
6. Series and volume number (where relevant)

Book with editor(s)

E-books often lack page numbers, so use the chapter, section or location number to identify the quote or the specific point you are paraphrasing. Place page numbers, if available, after the date in the in-text reference.

DOI –(Digital Object Identifier) is a numbered tag used to identify online sources including conference papers and journal articles. The DOI (written as doi in your reference list) is often used in place of the URL.

How to reference newspapers journals^^7^7

In-text example: Langhammer and Stanghelle (2009, p. 46) found that “Stroke care has changed over the last 20 years”.

Reference example: Langhammer, B. and Stanghelle, J.K. (2009) ‘Exercise on a treadmill or walking outdoors’, Clinical Rehabilitation , 24(1), pp. 46-54. Available at: http://cre.sagepub.com (Accessed: 15 July 2010).

Example with doi:

Reference example: Oberg, C. (2019) ‘The role of business networks for innovation’, Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 4(2), pp.124-128. Available at: doi:10.11016/j.jik.2017 .10. (Accessed: 19 June 2019).

Reference order:

1. Author(s) (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title of article (in single quotation marks)
4. Title of journal (in italics – capitalise first letter of each word in title except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
5. Volume (unbracketed) issue (in round brackets) page numbers if known
6. Available at: URL of collection (OR doi)
7. (Accessed: date)

Journals found online or in databases

In-text example: According to Fritsch and Schroeter (2011, p. 383) “recent empirical research strongly indicates that the effect of new business formation on economic development is of a long-term nature”.

Reference example: Fritsch, M. and Schroeter, A. (2011) ‘Why does the effect of new business formation differ across regions?’, Small Business Economics: An Entrepreneurship Journal, 36(4), pp. 383-400.

Reference order:

1. Author(s) (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title of article (in single quotation marks)
4. Title of journal (in italics – capitalise first letter of each word in title except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
5. Issue information i.e. volume (unbracketed) and where applicable, part number, month or season (all in round brackets)
6. Page numbers

Journal article (printed)

How to reference journals

Note: Elements such as database or collection title (eg, Cochrane Library or Sage Publications) or [Online] do

not need to be included as long as your reference allows the reader to locate the article.

newspapers/internet^9

Reference order:

1. Name of person interviewed
2. Year of interview (in round brackets)
3. Title of interview (if any) (in single quotation marks)
4. Interview with/Interviewed by
5. Interviewer’s name
6. Title of Newspaper/broadcast (in italics)
7. Day and month of interview
8. Page reference If published on the Internet add:
9. Available at: URL/OR doi if available
10. (Accessed: date)

Newspaper interview

In-text example: Semiotics involves studying representations and the processes involved in representational practices (Chandler, 2001).

Reference example: Chandler, D. (2001) Semiotics for beginners. Available at: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/S4B/sem02.html (Accessed: 26 July 2010).

Reference order:

1. Author (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year that the site was published/last updated (in round brackets)
3. Title of Internet site (in italics)
4. Available at: URL
5. (Accessed: date)

Web pages with individual authors

In-text example: Pullman (2011, p. 30) suggests he was cast in the role “to destabilise viewers”.

Reference example: Pullman, B. (2011) ‘Bill Pullman: Torchwood's surprising new villain’. Interview with Bill Pullman and John Barrowman. Interviewed by Catherine Gee for The Daily Telegraph, 14 July, p. 30.

How to reference the Internet

In-text example: Fair pay in the NHS is firmly on the agenda for trade unions, such as Unison (2014).

Reference example: Unison (2014) NHS workers deserve fair pay. Available at: http://www.unison.org.uk/at-work/health-care/key- issues/nhs-pay/home/ (Accessed: 17 December 2014).

Reference order:

1. Organisation as author
2. Year that the site was published/last updated (in round brackets)
3. Title of Internet site (in italics)
4. Available at: URL
5. (Accessed: date)

Web pages with organisations as authors

10 internet

Reference order:

1. Title of Internet site (in italics)
2. Year that the site was published/last updated (in round brackets)
3. Available at: URL
4. (Accessed: date)

Web pages with no authors

Use title of the site. In-text example: The story of the Aberbeeg ghost and the death of P.C. Pope is an intriguing one ( Online Abertillery , 2010).

Reference example: Online Abertillery (2010) Available at: http://www.abertillery.net/tales_ghost.html (Accessed: 19 July 2010).

In-text example: In order to respond to emergent oppositions in the future, researchers can access neutron scattering competences (Neutron Sciences, no date).

Reference example: Neutron Sciences (no date) Proton power upgrade project. Available at: https://neutrons.ornl.gov/ppu (Accessed: 19 June 2019).

Web pages with no date

In-text example : Vikas Shah (2011) explored the concept of justice and the implications for society.

Reference example: Shah, V. (2011) ‘Thought economics’, Thought Economics, 6 July. Available at: http://thoughteconomics.blogspot.com/ (Accessed: 13 July 2011).

Reference order:

1. Author of message (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year that the site was published/last updated (in round brackets)
3. Title of message (in single quotation marks
4. Title of internet site (in italics)
5. Day/month of posted message
6. Available at: URL
7. (Accessed: date)

Blogs

In-text example: One organisation (Fair Trade Wales, 2011) regularly uses their Facebook site to provide information about their most current marketing activities.

Reference example: Fair Trade Wales (2011) ‘Fair Trade Wales – Cymru Masnach Deg’, [ Facebook ] , 13 July. Available at: http://www.facebook.com/fairtradewales#!/groups/fairtra dewales (Accessed: 13 July 2011).

Reference order:

1. Author (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year that the site was published/last updated (in round brackets)
3. Title of page (in single quotation marks)

4. Title of internet site (in italics and square brackets)

5. Day/month of posted message
6. Available at: URL
7. (Accessed: date)

Social Networking Sites

The quality of a web page with no author or date needs to be questioned, ie, is it suitable for your academic work?

12 theses/public lecture/other sources

Theses

In-text example: Research by Prescott (2006)...

Reference example: Prescott, G. (2006) The noble game is not totally unknown here: Rugby football in nineteenth-century Cardiff. Unpublished M Phil thesis. University of South Wales, formerly the University of Glamorgan.

Reference order:

1. Author (surname or family name before

initials)

2. Year of submission (in round brackets)
3. Title of thesis (in italics)
4. Degree statement — M Phil or PhD
5. Degree-awarding body If published on the internet add:
6. Available at: URL
7. (Accessed: date)

Reference order:

1. Author/speaker (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year (in round brackets)
3. Title of lecture (in italics)
4. [Medium]
5. Day/month

Public Lecture

In-text example: Legislation is in place to protect those who lack mental capacity (Mental Capacity Act 2005).

Reference example: Mental Capacity Act 2005. Available at: https:// www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2005/9/contents (Accessed: 13 May 2019). OR Dangerous Dogs Act 1991: Elizabeth II. Chapter 65 (1991) London: The Stationery Office.

Reference order:

1. Name of Act (use short title)

2. Date (no brackets)

3. Available at: URL

4. (Accessed: date)

OR: Title of Act

Name of sovereign

Chapter number (in italics)

Year of publication (in round brackets)

Place of publication: publisher

UK Statutes (Acts of Parliament) post 1963

In-text example: The Animals (Cruel Poisons) Act 1962 (10 & 11 Eliz. 2, c.26) interprets ‘animal’ to mean any mammal.

Reference example: Animals (Cruel Poisons) Act 1962 (10 & 11 Eliz. 2, c.26).

Reference order:

1. Short title of Act and Year (in italics)
2. Regnal year
3. Name of sovereign
4. Chapter number

If found online add:

5. Available at:

6. (Accessed: date).

UK Statutes (Acts of Parliament) pre 1963

In-text example: Rees (2010) believes that man has the future in his own hands.

Reference example: Rees, M. (2010) Lecture 2: Surviving the century , [Reith Lectures 2010: Scientific horizons]. 8 June.

How to reference other sources

Public lectures or visiting speakers should be referenced generally not recommended. It is to directly reference from lecture slides that are part of your course. If you do want to refer to something, however, ensure you reference it appropriately.

other sources^13

In-text example: The case of Abramova v Oxford Institute of Legal Practice [2011] upheld…

Reference example: Abramova v Oxford Institute of Legal Practice [2011] EWHC 613 (QB).

In-text example: Re. C (1994) is a landmark case relating to mental capacity and refusal of medical treatment.

Reference example: Re. C (1994) 1 All E.R. 819.

OR if online: Abramove v Oxford Institute of Legal Practice [2011] EWHC 613 (QB). BAILII. Available at: http://www.bailii.org/ew/ cases/EWHC/QB/2011/613.htm (Accessed: 21 June 2019).

Reference order:

1. Name of parties involved in the case (in italics) i.e. case name
2. Date in square brackets, if a volume number is used then date is in round brackets
3. Volume number (if used)
4. Abbreviation of name of report and first page of report

OR if online:

Case name (in italics)

[Year] or (Year)

Court and case number.

Database or website (in italics)

Available at: URL

(Accessed: date).

Legal cases

In-text example: The Government’s objective on achieving balanced economic growth is outlined in its ambitious programme (Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2011).

Reference example: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (2011) Guide to BIS 2011-12 – working together for growth. Available at: http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/corporate/doc/g/11- p120-guide-to-bis-2011-2012 (Accessed: 1 August 2011).

Reference order:

1. Name of government department
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title (in italics)
4. Place of publication: Publisher
5. Series (in brackets) – if applicable. If referencing an online version replace Place of publication: Publisher with: Available at: URL (Accessed: date)

Government Department publication information^ This is relevant to Government Department publications

When referencing government publications the recognised convention is to use Great Britain rather than United Kingdom.

Publications from the Scottish and Welsh governments should be prefaced with either Scotland or Wales respectively.

In-text example: Standards assist in the evaluation of libraries of all types (British Standards Institute, 2008)

Reference example: British Standards Institute (2008) BS ISO 11620: Information and documentation. Library performance indicators. British Standards Online. Available at: https:// bsol.bsigroup.com/en/BsolHomepage/ (Accessed: 21 July 2010).

Reference order:

1. Name of authorising organisation / institution
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Number and title of standard (in italics)
4. Title of database (in italics)
5. Available at: URL
6. (Accessed: date)

British Standards from online databases

visual sources^15

In-text example: Ingleby specialised in small watercolour views, for example Brombo House (1794).

Reference example: Ingleby, J. (1794) Brombo House [Watercolour]. The National Library of Wales. Available at: http://digidol.llgc.org.uk/METS/ING00001/ingleby?start= (Accessed: 16 July 2010).

Reference order:

1. Artist (surname or family name before initials)
2. Date (if available)
3. Title of the work (in italics)
4. [Medium]
5. Name of collection (in italics)
6. Available at:
7. (Accessed: date)

Paintings/drawings in online collections

In-text example: The power in Algo’s photo (2005) is in its simplicity.

Reference example: Algo (2005) Holding on. Flickr. Available at: http:// www.flickr.com/photos/algo/41942696/in/ set-72057594138446566/ (Accessed: 21 July 2010).

Reference order:

1. Photographer
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title of photograph (in italics)
4. Title of online collection (in italics)
5. Available at: URL
6. (Accessed: date)

Photographs in online collections (e.g. Flickr)

In-text example: The work illustrates the human connection with the natural world (Magee, 2009).

Reference example: Magee, J. (2009) Phishing II [Photograph]. Cardiff: Ffotogallery at Turner House.

Reference order:

1. Photographer (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year (in round brackets)
3. Title of photograph (in italics)
4. [Photograph]
5. Place of publication: Publisher (if available)

Photographs — prints/slides

In-text example: This bold image (Knight, 1986) was commissioned by…..

Reference example: Knight, N. (1986) Red coat. Available at: http:// collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O128940/photograph-red- coat/ (Accessed: 21 July 2010).

Reference order:

1. Photographer (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title of photograph (in italics)
4. Available at: URL
5. (Accessed: date)

Photographs from the Internet

(^16) visual sources/audio visual material

In-text example:

Tyrion Lannister perhaps sums up the appeal of

Game of Thrones, when in the final episode he says:

“There’s nothing more powerful in the world than a

good story” (‘The iron throne’, 2019).

Reference example:

‘The iron throne’ (2019) Game of Thrones, Series 8,

episode 6. Sky Atlantic Television, 19 May.

Reference order:

1. Title of episode (in single quotation marks)
2. Year of transmission (in round brackets)

3. Title of programme (in italics - all

important words in capitals)

4. Series and episode numbers
5. Name of channel
6. Date of transmission (day/month)

Episode of a TV series

In-text example: Thompson (1995, p.8) described Wallinger as a ‘politically committed artist’.

Reference example: Thompson, J. (1995) Mark Wallinger. Exhibition held at the Ikon Gallery, Birmingham, 25 February – 1 April 1995 and at the Serpentine Gallery, London, 10 May – 11 June 1995 [Exhibition catalogue].

Reference order:

1. Author(s) of catalogue (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
3. Title of exhibition (in italics)
4. Location and date(s) of exhibition
5. [Exhibition catalogue]

Art Exhibition Catalogue

How to reference audio visual material

In-text example: Apparently, a trick of the light can both wake you up and keep you asleep ( 10 T hings Y ou N eed to K now A bout S leep, 2009).

Reference example: 10 Things You Need to Know About Sle ep (2009) BBC One Television, 12 May.

Reference order:

1. Title of programme (in italics - all

important words in capitals)

2. Year of transmission (in round brackets)
3. Name of channel
4. Date of transmission (day/month)

TV programme

In-text example: The horizontal cuts, as seen for example with Crack and warp column (Nash, 2002) split and bend with time.

Reference example: Nash, D. (2002) Crack and warp column [Sculpture]. University of South Wales Permanent Art Collection.

Reference order:

1. Sculptor (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year (in round brackets)
3. Title (in italics)
4. [Sculpture]
5. Name of collection

Sculpture

(^18) audio visual material

Reference example: Roche, P., Griffiths, M., and Richards, B. (2010) Our Amazing Universe. University of South Wales. iTunesU [Download]. Available at: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/itunes-u/our-amazing- universe/id527125588?mt=10. (Accessed: 17 December 2010). .

Reference order:

1. Author/s (surname or family name before initial)
2. Year posted (in round brackets)
3. Title (in italics)
4. Publisher
5. Download site (name in italics)
6. [Download]
7. Available at: URL
8. (Accessed: date)

iTunes U collection

In-text example: Roche et al. (2010) highlights...

In-text example: Seminal Welsh indie-rockers, the Super Furry Animals, released their fifth studio album Rings A round the W orld in 2001 to both critical and popular acclaim.

Reference example: Super Furry Animals (2001) Rings A round the W orld [CD]. London: Epic Records.

Reference order:

1. Artist
2. Year of distribution (in round brackets)
3. Title of recording (in italics)
4. [CD]
5. Place of distribution: Distribution company

Music or spoken word recording on audio CDs

Reference where the vidcast/vodcast was displayed for download

In-text example: The inaugural lecture was very interesting (Wheeler, 2009).

Reference example: Wheeler, Professor Nick. (2009) ‘Nuclear abolition: Trust- building’s greatest challenge?’ David Davies Memorial Institute, Aberystwyth University [Vidcast]. 9 March. Available at: http://www.aber.ac.uk/en/interpol/research/research- centres-and-institutes/ddmi/publications/audio-video/ (Accessed: 2 November 2012).

Reference order:

1. Author (surname or family name before initials)
2. Year that the vidcast/vodcast was posted (in round brackets)
3. Title of vidcast (in single quotation marks)
4. Title of Internet site (in italics)
5. [Vidcast/vodcast]
6. Day/month of posted vidcast/vodcast
7. Available at: URL
8. (Accessed: date)

Vidcasts/vodcasts

How to reference streamed audio visual material

In-text example: So, how are the songs that provide the soundtracks to our lives, valued in the age of streaming?(The Price of Song, 2021).

Reference example: The Price of Song (2021) BBC Radio 4 , 2 March. 11.30. Streamed from: BoB (Accessed: 18 May 2021)

Reference order:

1. Title of prog (italics – all important words capitalised)
2. Year of original transmission (in round brackets)
3. Name of channel
4. Day and month of original transmission
5. Time location.
6. Streamed from:
7. (Accessed:).

Streamed radio programme

(^19) audio visual material

In-text example: The ability of computers to recognise an individual face has created a new set of problems (‘Find', 2020 ).

Reference example: ‘The digital human’ (2021) Find, Series 22, episode 6. BBC Radio 4 , 18 March. Streamed from: BoB (Accessed: 18 May 2021).

Reference order:

1. Title of episode (in single quotation marks) if known; if not, use title of programme
2. Year of broadcast
3. Title of programme/Series (italics)
4. Series and episode numbers
5. Name of channel
6. Streamed from:
7. (Accessed:).

Streamed episode from a radio series

Streamed single programme

In-text example: "You know, there’s lots of people in the industry say, ‘I discovered Alexander McQueen’. But you don’t discover talent. Talent’s there. You open doors for talent” (McQueen, 2020)..

Reference example: McQueen (2020) BBC Two Television, 26 September. 21:45. Streamed from: BoB (Accessed: 18 May 2021).

Reference order:

1. Title of prog (italics)
2. Year of original transmission (in round brackets)
3. Name of channel
4. Day and month of original transmission
5. Time location
6. Streamed from:
7. (Accessed:).

Streamed episode from a series

In-text example: To create an image is to create a world. A parallel universe fashioned from light and colour. Images are seductive”, so says narrator, James Fox ('Seductive dreams', 2020). Reference example: 'Seductive dreams' (2020) Age of the Image, episode 3, 16 March. BBC Four Television. Streamed from: BoB (Accessed: 18 May 2021).

Reference order:

1. Title of episode (in single quotation marks) if known; if not, use title of programme
2. Year of broadcast
3. Title of programme/Series (italics)
4. Series and episode numbers
5. Name of channel
6. Streamed from:
7. (Accessed:).

Streamed film

In-text example: Koreeda was a deserving winner of the 2018 Palme d'Or for Shoplifters (2018). Reference example: Shoplifters (2018) Directed by Hirokazu Koreeda [Film]. Japan: GAGA Pictures. Streamed from: BoB (Accessed: 18 May 2021).

Reference order:

1. Title of film (in italics- important words capitalised)
2. Year of distribution (in round brackets)
3. Directed by
4. [Film]
5. Place of distribution: Distribution company
6. Streamed from:
7. (Accessed).