National Statuary Hall Collection: A Guide to State Statues in the US Capitol, Exercises of Law

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CVC 17-117 Edition IV

U.S. CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER

GUide To STATe STATUes

iN The NATioNAl STATUArY HAll CollecTioN

STATE PAGE STATE^ PAGE

U.S. CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER

GUide To STATe STATUes

iN The NATioNAl STATUArY HAll CollecTioN

TOM FONTANA Statue photography by Architect of the Capitol The Guide to State Statues in the National Statuary Hall Collection is available as a free mobile app via the iTunes app store or Google play. Senator Mazie Hirono of Hawaii addresses a group of high school students gathered in front of the statue of King Kamehameha in

• Alabama
• Alaska
• Arizona
• Arkansas
• California
• Colorado
• Connecticut
• Delaware
• Florida
• Georgia
• Hawaii
• Idaho
• Illinois
• Indiana
• Iowa
• Kansas
• Kentucky
• Louisiana
• Maine
• Maryland
• Massachusetts
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• Mississippi
• Missouri
  • Montana
  • Nebraska
  • Nevada
  • New Hampshire
  • New Jersey
  • New Mexico
  • New York
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Ohio
  • Oklahoma
  • Oregon
  • Pennsylvania
  • Rhode Island
  • South Carolina
  • South Dakota
  • Tennessee
  • Texas
  • Utah
  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • Washington
  • West Virginia
  • Wisconsin
  • Wyoming

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

ALASKA STATUES

Ernest Gruening

George Anthonisen, Capitol Visitor Center, 1977* Born in New York City on February 6, 1886, Ernest Gruening graduated from Harvard in 1907 and from Harvard Medical School in 1912 Gruening forsook medicine to pursue journalism

• As a reporter for the Boston American in 1912, he went on to become copy desk editor and rewrite man for the Boston Evening Herald and, from 1912 to 1913, an editorial writer Gruening served as managing editor of the Boston Evening Traveler and the New York Tribune. After serving with the Federal Artillery Corps in World War I, Gruening became editor of The Nation from 1920 to 1923 and editor of the New York Post from 1932 to 1933
• Intrigued with politics, he switched careers Gruening was appointed to the U S delegation to the Seventh Inter-American Conference in 1933, Director of the Division of Territories and Island Possessions of the Department of the Interior (1934–1939), Administrator of the Puerto Rico Reconstruction (1935– 1937), and a member of the Alaska International Highway Commission (1938–1942)
• In 1939 Gruening was appointed Governor of the Territory of Alaska and served for 14 years
• Pending statehood, he was elected to the U S Senate in 1958; with Alaska’s admission to the Union in 1959, Gruening served in the Senate for 10 years
• He died on June 26, 1974

Edward Lewis Bartlett

Felix W. de Weldon, House connecting corridor, 2nd floor, 1971*

Edward Lewis Bartlett was born on April 20, 1904, in Seattle, Washington After graduating from the University of Alaska in 1925, Bartlett began his career in politics

• A reporter for the Fairbanks Daily News until 1933, he accepted the position of secretary to Delegate Anthony Dimond of Alaska Three years later he became the chairman of the Unemployment Compensation Commission of Alaska
• On January 30, 1939, President Franklin D Roosevelt appointed him secretary of the Alaska Territory
• Beginning in 1945, Bartlett served as the delegate from Alaska to the 79th and the six succeeding Congresses - He labored constantly for statehood Upon Alaska’s admission to the Union in 1959, he became the first senator from Alaska and served until 1967 - The Library of Congress estimates that he had more bills passed into law than any other member in congressional history These included the Radiation Safety Bill and the Bartlett Act, requiring all federally- funded buildings to be accessible to persons with disabilities - Bartlett possessed the reputation of a quiet man of achievement Well-loved and respected by his constituents as well as his peers, Bartlett died December 11, 1968

ALASKA

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

ARIZONA STATUES

Eusebio Kino

Suzanne Silvercruys, Capitol Visitor Center, 1965* A man of many talents, Eusebio Kino was born on August 10, 1645, in Segno, Italy After recuperating from a serious illness, Kino joined the Society of Jesus in 1665 After drawing his lot, Father Kino set out for Mexico in 1678 Four years later, as the head of a Jesuit mission, he led the Atondo expedition to lower California After a drought in 1685, Kino was forced back to Mexico City

• In 1687, he journeyed to southern Arizona to work with the Pimas Especially adept in mathematics and geography, he was one of the first scientific explorers, cartographers, astronomers, historians, builders, and ranchmen of the Pimera Alta
• Due to his efforts, missions and stockyards were developed Roads were built to connect previously inaccessible areas His many expeditions on horseback covered over 50,000 square miles, during which he mapped an area 200 miles long and 250 miles wide and deduced that California was a peninsula
• He built missions extending from the interior of Sonora 150 miles northeast to San Xavier del Bac He constructed 19 rancheras, which supplied cattle to new settlements
• He was also instrumental in the return of the Jesuits to California in 1697 Father Kino remained in southern Arizona until his death in 1711

ARIZONA

Barry Goldwater

Deborah Copenhaver Fellows, National Statuary Hall, 2015*

Barry Goldwater served five terms in the United States Senate Author of The Conscience of a Conservative (1960), he is widely recognized as the founder of the modern conservative movement

• He was born on January 1, 1909, in Phoenix He attended Phoenix public schools, graduated from Staunton Military Academy in Virginia, and studied at the University of Arizona in Tucson
• During World War II, Goldwater served as a pilot in the U S Army Air Force in the Asiatic Theater from 1941 to 1945 He joined the Air Force Reserve after the war and founded the Arizona Air National Guard, which he desegregated two years earlier than the rest of the U S military In 1967, he retired with the rank of major general - In 1949 Goldwater won a seat on the Phoenix city council, launching his career in public service Three years later, he won his first of two consecutive terms in the United States Senate He supported certain civil rights bills but in 1964 voted against the final version of the Civil Rights Act because he believed it intruded on the rights of states and individuals Also in that year he won the Republican nomination for the presidency He was defeated by incumbent Lyndon B Johnson, but Arizonans returned him to the Senate in 1968, 1974, and 1980; he chose not to seek re-election in 1986 - Barry Goldwater died on May 29, 1998, at the age of 89

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Ronald Wilson Reagan

Chas Fagan, Rotunda, 2009* Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, 1911, in Tampico, Illinois; graduated from Eureka College in 1932; and became a radio sports announcer In 1937 he began a 29-year acting career that included over 60 films and dozens of television programs

• In the Army during World War II, his nearsightedness kept him from combat duty, so he worked in the training-film unit for three years.
• After the war he returned to Hollywood, and from 1947–1952 and 1959–1960 he served as president of the Screen Actors Guild In 1952 he wed actress Nancy Davis
• Running as a Republican, Reagan was elected governor of California in 1966 and re-elected in 1970
• In 1980, he was elected president of the United States; he was re-elected in 1984
• In 1994, five years after leaving office, Reagan was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease
• On June 5, 2004, he passed away at the age of 93 His body lay in repose at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California, and then lay in state in the U S Capitol Rotunda After a state funeral at Washington National Cathedral on June 11, his body was interred at the Reagan Library

Father Junipero Serra (Miguel Jose Serra)

Ettore Cadorin, National Statuary Hall, 1931*

Father Junipero Serra (Miguel Jose Serra) was one of the most important Spanish missionaries in the New World Born in Majorca on November 24, 1713, he joined the Franciscan Order at the age of 16 He soon gained prominence as an eloquent preacher and eventually became a professor of theology His dream was to become a missionary to America He arrived in Mexico City in 1750 to begin this new life

• In 1769 he established a mission at the present site of San Diego, California, the first of a number that would include San Antonio, San Buenaventura, San Carlos, San Francisco de Assisi, San Gabriel, San Juan Capistrano, San Luis Obispo, and Santa Clara This was a herculean task considering that Father Serra was already in his fifties and suffered from a chronic ulcerated condition in one leg - Serra was ascetic and uncompromising in his zeal to convert the Indians to Christianity and to make his missions self-sufficient.
• The well-known and beloved missionary died in Monterey, California, on August 28, 1784; his missions continued to flourish for another 50 years

CALIFORNIA STATUES

CALIFORNIA

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

John L. “Jack” Swigert, Jr.

George and Mark Lundeen, Capitol Visitor Center, 1997* John L “Jack” Swigert, Jr , was born on August 30, 1931, in Denver, Colorado He attended the University of Colorado, where he played varsity football and earned a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering He served with the Air Force as a combat pilot in Korea and then became a test pilot

• After earning a Master of Science degree in aerospace science from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a Master of Business Administration degree from Hartford College, he was accepted into the NASA Apollo program
• Swigert was one of three astronauts aboard the Apollo 13 moon mission, which was launched on April 11, 1970
• The third lunar landing attempt, the mission was aborted after the rupture of an oxygen tank on the spacecraft’s service module Swigert and fellow astronauts James A Lovell, Jr and Fred W Haise, Jr returned safely to earth on April 17 after approximately 5 days and 23 hours in space
• Swigert later became staff director of the Committee on Science and Technology of the U S House of Representatives
• Elected to Colorado’s newly created Sixth Congressional District in 1982, he died on December 27, 1982, before taking office.
• Notice the reflection of the Capitol Dome in Swigert’s helmet

Florence Sabin

Joy Buba, Hall of Columns, 1959*

A pioneer in science and public health, Florence Sabin was born in Central City, Colorado, on November 9, 1871 She graduated from Smith College in 1893, attended the Johns Hopkins Medical School, and was the first woman to graduate from that institution.

• In 1902 she began to teach anatomy at Johns Hopkins Appointed professor of histology in 1917, she was the first woman to become a full professor at a medical college
• In 1924 Sabin was elected the first woman president of the American Association of Anatomists and the first lifetime woman member of the National Academy of Science - In September 1925 she became head of the Department of Cellular Studies at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York City Her research focused on the lymphatic system, blood vessels and cells, and tuberculosis
• In 1944 she came out of a six-year retirement to accept Colorado governor John Vivian’s request to chair a subcommittee on health This resulted in the “Sabin Health Laws,” which modernized the state’s public health system
• She retired again in 1951 and died on October 3, 1953

COLORADO STATUES

COLORADO

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Caesar Rodney

Bryant Baker, Crypt, 1934* Caesar Rodney was born in Dover, Delaware, on October 7, 1728 Politics was one of his early interests He was High Sheriff of Kent County from 1755 to 1756; justice of the peace; judge of all lower courts; captain in the Kent County Militia in 1756; superintendent of the printing of Delaware currency in 1759; a member of the state assembly from 1762 to 1769; and an associate justice of the Delaware Supreme Court from 1769 to 1777

• A delegate to the Stamp Act Congress and a strong supporter of the Revolution, he participated in the First and Second Continental Congresses
• His dramatic ride to Philadelphia on July 2, 1776, enabled the Delaware delegation to vote two to one for the Declaration of Independence
• Rodney was elected the first president of Delaware and was responsible for keeping the militia loyal and efficient.
• He had a close relationship with General Washington
• He was also responsible for guiding Delaware’s ratification of the Articles of Confederation in 1779
• The last 10 years of his life were difficult as he suffered from cancer.
• Rodney died at his farm, Poplar Grove, on June 26, 1784 His remains were reinterred in 1888 at the Christ Episcopal Churchyard in Dover

John Middleton Clayton

Bryant Baker, Capitol Visitor Center, 1934*

John Middleton Clayton was born in Delaware on July 24, 1796 His father, a farmer, was also a student of the classics, a taste inherited by his son John Clayton entered Yale College on his 15th birthday and graduated with the highest honors in his class He was admitted to the bar in 1819 at the age of 23 and in 1824 he was elected to the Delaware legislature

• In 1829 Clayton was elected to the U S Senate, its youngest member at an illustrious time in the Senate’s history
• A member of the Whig Party, Clayton was a strong ally of Henry Clay He was known for his oratory and his abhorrence of corruption; his investigation of the Post Office Department led to its reorganization. - Clayton resigned his Senate seat in 1836 - He soon accepted the appointment as chief justice of the Delaware Supreme Court, but he resigned in 1839 to support the presidential candidacy of William Henry Harrison - He served again in the U S Senate from 1845 to 1849
• As President Zachary Taylor’s secretary of state in 1850 he negotiated the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty with Great Britain, laying the groundwork for America’s eventual building of the Panama Canal
• John Clayton died on November 9, 1856

DELAWARE STATUES

DELAWARE

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Edmund Kirby Smith

C. Adrian Pillars, Capitol Visitor Center, 1922* Edmund Kirby Smith was born on May 16, 1824, in St Augustine, Florida Graduating from the United States Military Academy in 1845, he served in the Mexican War and was brevetted for gallantry After the war he taught mathematics at the Military Academy and served in the cavalry on the frontier

• His botany reports, written while accompanying the Mexican Boundary Commission, were published by the Smithsonian Institution
• In 1861 he resigned from the army to join the Confederate forces He rose to the rank of general and helped organize the Army of the Shenandoah
• While commanding a brigade in the army, he was severely wounded at Manassas
• From 1863 until the end of the war he commanded the Trans-Mississippi department
• He surrendered the last military force of the Confederacy
• He was president of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company, chancellor of the University of Nashville from 1870 to 1875, and professor of mathematics at the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee
• He died on March 28, 1893, at Sewanee, the last surviving full general of either army

John Gorrie

C.A. Pillars, National Statuary Hall, 1914*

John Gorrie, physician, scientist, inventor, and humanitarian, is considered the father of refrigeration and air-conditioning He was born on the Island of Nevis, October 3, 1802, and received his medical education in New York

• Pursuing the study of tropical diseases, Gorrie moved to Apalachicola, Florida, a large cotton market on the Gulf coast
• With remarkable foresight and without knowledge of microbiology, he urged draining the swamps and sleeping under mosquito netting to prevent disease - He also advocated the cooling of sickrooms to reduce fever and to make the patient more comfortable For this he cooled rooms with ice in a basin suspended from the ceiling - After 1845, he gave up his medical practice to pursue refrigeration projects On May 6, 1851, Gorrie was granted Patent No 8080 for a machine to make ice The original model of this machine and the scientific articles he wrote are at the Smithsonian Institution
• Impoverished, Gorrie sought to raise money to manufacture his machine, but the venture failed when his partner died
• Humiliated by criticism, financially ruined, and his health broken, Gorrie died in seclusion on June 29, 1855

FLORIDA STATUES

FLORIDA

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Kamehameha I

Thomas R. Gould, Capitol Visitor Center, 1969* King Kamehameha I was born at Kokoiki about 1758 He grew into a courageous warrior and was said to have overturned the huge Naha Stone in Hilo According to native belief, such a feat indicated superhuman strength and foreshadowed the inevitable conquest of all of Hawai’i

• During a struggle between rival forces and the various chiefs under the leadership of Kamehameha, Kamehameha attained control of half the Island of Hawai’i
• During the struggle, Kamehameha’s “divine right” was exemplified by a rare explosive eruption of Kilauea Volcano, which wiped out parts of the opposing army
• By 1810, he had unified all the inhabited islands of Hawai’i under his rule
• As king, Kamehameha placed capable followers in charge of large districts He encouraged trade and peaceful activities, and he presided over the opening of Hawai’i to the rest of the world
• On May 8, 1819, King Kamehameha I died His remains were hidden with such secrecy, according to ancient custom, that “only the stars know his final resting place.”

Father Damien

Marisol Escobar, Hall of Columns, 1969*

Father Damien was born Joseph de Veuster in Tremeloo, Belgium, on January 3, 1840 The son of well-to-do parents, he entered the Sacred Hearts Congregation at Louvain in January 1859 and five years later was ordained a priest in the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu

• On May 10, 1873, Father Damien traveled with Bishop Maigret and a shipload of lepers to Molokai After two days Damien was willing to devote the rest of his life to the leper settlement Father Damien accomplished amazing feats while residing on Molokai Six chapels were built by 1875 He constructed a home for boys and later a home for girls He bandaged wounds, made coffins, dug graves, heard confessions, and said Mass every morning
• In December 1884, Father Damien noticed severe blisters on his feet without the presence of pain As he suspected, the disease was leprosy - Father Damien died peacefully on April 15, 1889, on Molokai after sixteen years of undaunted dedication - On October 11, 2009, Father Damien was canonized (i e , elevated to sainthood) by Pope Benedict XVI in a ceremony at the Vatican, thus becoming Saint Damien

HAWAII STATUES

HAWAII

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

George Laird Shoup

Frederick E. Triebel, National Statuary Hall, 1910* George Laird Shoup was born in Kittaning, Pennsylvania, on June 24, 1836 During the Civil War he enlisted with the independent scouts working in New Mexico, Colorado, and Texas He was commissioned colonel when the Third Colorado Cavalry was formed and took part in the battles of Apache Cañon and Sand Creek

• After the war Shoup settled in Salmon, Idaho, a city that he helped found
• Shoup was appointed commissioner to organize Lemhi County, and in 1874 he was elected to the territorial legislature
• With few interruptions, he served on the Republican National Committee for Idaho from 1880 to 1904
• On April 1, 1889, President Harrison appointed him governor of Idaho Territory; he was elected governor after the ratification of Idaho’s statehood
• As a U S senator from 1890 to 1901, his many interests included pensions, education, and military affairs. He was chairman of the Committee on Territories and he advocated liberal and just treatment of the Indians

William Edgar Borah

Bryant Baker, Capitol Visitor Center, 1947*

William Edgar Borah was born on June 29, 1865, on a farm in Jasper, Illinois His schooling included the Wayne County common schools and the Southern Illinois Academy at Enfield. Graduating from the University of Kansas at Lawrence in 1889, he studied law and was admitted to the bar in September 1890 After practicing law in Lyons, Kansas, and Boise, Idaho, Borah was elected to the U S Senate in 1907 and served until 1940

• A member of the Republican National Committee from 1908 to 1912, he was a delegate to the 1912 Republican National Convention - As a senator he was dedicated to principles rather than party loyalty He disliked entangling alliances in foreign policy and became a prominent isolationist He encouraged the formation of a series of world economic conferences and favored a low tariff. - From 1925 to 1933, Borah served as the Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Domestically, he sponsored bills that created the Department of Labor and the Children’s Bureau He was one of the Senators responsible for uncovering the scandals of the Harding Administration
• Borah supported Roosevelt’s New Deal, especially old age pensions and the reduced gold content of the dollar

IDAHO STATUES

IDAHO

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Lewis (Lew) Wallace

Andrew O’Connor, National Statuary Hall, 1910* Lewis (Lew) Wallace was born in Brookville, Indiana, on April 10, 1827

• He became a reporter for the Indianapolis Daily Journal for one year, but when the Mexican War broke out he left to raise a company of soldiers
• After the war Wallace served as a member of the Indiana state Senate from 1856 to 1860
• A general during the Civil War, he was distinguished as a leader and fighter, and he was credited with saving Washington, D C from the Confederate Army in September 1862 In July 1864, following his defeat at the Battle of Monocacy in Maryland, he slowed the Confederate advance toward Washington, D C , giving the city time to ready its defenses
• He also served on the court- martial tribunal that tried the accomplices of John Wilkes Booth, President Lincoln’s assassin
• Wallace served as governor of New Mexico Territory from 1878 to 1881 and as the minister to Turkey from 1881 to 1885
• His book, Ben Hur, made him one of the most noted authors in America Over 300,000 copies were sold within 10 years of its publication, and it continues to be a favorite adventure story

Oliver Hazard Perry Morton

Charles H. Niehaus, Senate Wing, first floor, 1900*

The full name of this colorful governor of Indiana and United States senator was Oliver Hazard Perry Throck Morton He was born on August 4, 1823 His mother died when he was three, and he went to live with his maternal grandparents, from whom he received a strict Scotch Presbyterian upbringing. He suffered a number of financial reversals as a young man but was eventually able to complete his law studies

• Morton’s entry into the political arena coincided with the inception of the Republican Party - He served as governor of Indiana for six years (1861–1867) and was a loyal supporter of the Union’s efforts during the Civil War. - He was a United States senator from 1867 to 1877 - Morton became a controversial figure with his attitude toward paper money He was considered “soft” because he favored issuing paper money with no backing during difficult times. - In 1877, he participated as a member of the Electoral Commission appointed to determine the outcome of that contested presidential election
• Oliver Morton died of a stroke on November 1, 1877, while on a trip to Oregon investigating charges of bribery made against a newly elected senator from that state

INDIANA STATUES

INDIANA

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Norman E. Borlaug

Benjamin Victor, National Statuary Hall, 2014* Dr Norman E Borlaug is called “the father of the Green Revolution” because of his work to increase food production and combat world hunger From the 1940s through the 1960s, this “Green Revolution” advanced agricultural production by developing and distributing improved grains, seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides; expanding irrigation; and modernizing agricultural management It has been credited with saving as many as a billion people from starvation

• Born on March 25, 1914, on a farm near Cresco, Iowa, Borlaug worked his way through the University of Minnesota, never forgetting his arrival there during the Great Depression, when desperate people were begging for food That memory and his 1935 experience in the Civilian Conservation Corps, where many of the people working for him were starving, would have a profound influence on his life’s work.
• He worked as a microbiologist investigating fungicides and preservatives for the du Pont de Nemours Foundation and then as a geneticist and plant pathologist for the Cooperative Wheat Research and Production Program In the latter position he developed mutation techniques that adapted crops to specific climate regions, leading to dramatic increases in crop yields in Latin America, the Near and Middle East, Africa and Asia
• Borlaug was one of only three Americans awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (1970), the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977), and the Congressional Gold Medal (2007)
• He died at the age of 95 on September 12, 2009

Samuel Jordan Kirkwood

Vinnie Ream, Hall of Columns, 1913*

Born on December 20, 1813, Samuel Kirkwood became famous as the governor of Iowa during the Civil War In 1823 young Samuel was sent to Washington, D C , for four years to study Latin and Greek He then taught for a year and worked as a drug clerk He returned to his family after they suffered a number of financial reversals. In 1843 after studying law, he was admitted to the bar

• In 1855, Kirkwood moved to Iowa at the urging of his wife - A year later he became a member of the Iowa Senate, serving until 1859 - He was governor of Iowa from 1860 to 1864 and from 1876 to 1877 - Kirkwood declined appointment as minister to Denmark in 1863 because he wanted to run for the United States Senate He was appointed to complete the unexpired Senate term of James Harlan, who accepted the position of secretary of the interior - Kirkwood was reelected governor and later returned to the United States Senate after the 1876 election - He was appointed secretary of the interior, but resigned in 1882 - In 1886 he was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress

IOWA STATUES

IOWA

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Ephraim McDowell

Charles H. Niehaus, Capitol Visitor Center, 1929* Ephraim McDowell was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia, on November 11, 1771 McDowell, interested in medicine, studied at the Seminary of Worley and James and attended lectures in medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, from 1793 to 1794 Although he did not receive a degree from Edinburgh, he pursued his interest in anatomy and surgery

• McDowell practiced surgery and was a pioneer in abdominal surgical techniques, performing the first ovariotomy in the United States in 1809
• One of his most famous patients was James K Polk, for whom he removed a gall stone and repaired a hernia
• McDowell was a member of the Philadelphia Medical Society in 1817 and a founder of Centre College in Danville, Kentucky, in 1819
• He was also well known for his generosity, and he performed considerable work for charity
• In June 1830 McDowell was stricken with an acute attack of violent pain, nausea, and fever He died on June 25, most likely a victim of appendicitis
• Dr McDowell was the great- great grandfather of General John Campbell Greenway, whose statue was placed in the National Statuary Hall collection by the state of Arizona

Henry Clay

Charles H. Niehaus, National Statuary Hall, 1929*

Henry Clay was born in Hanover County, Virginia, on April 12, 1777 His only formal education was three years at a small school After his father died, his mother remarried and Clay moved to Richmond His stepfather secured him a position with the clerk of the High Court of Chancery Inspired, Clay began law studies in 1796, finished a year later, and quickly earned a reputation as a skillful lawyer In 1797 Clay moved to Lexington, Kentucky

• He was elected a U S senator for a short term in 1806–1807 He then returned to serve in the Kentucky legislature from 1808 to 1809 He served in the United States Senate from 1810 to 1811; from 1831 to 1842; and from 1849 to 1852 Clay had the distinction of also serving as a member of the U S House of Representatives from 1811 to 1821 and from 1823 to 1825; he was Speaker of the House from 1811 to 1820 - Clay served as a member of the Ghent Peace Commission
• President John Quincy Adams appointed him Secretary of State from 1825 to 1829
• He ran as the Whig nominee for President in 1832
• Clay was author of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850
• Henry Clay died on June 29, 1852, and was the first person to lie in state in the Rotunda

KENTUCKY STATUES

KENTUCKY

* Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

T

he National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is comprised of statues

donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. The entire collection

now consists of 100 statues contributed by 50 states. All 50 states have contributed two statues

each. Thirty-five statues are displayed in National Statuary Hall while others have been placed in other

parts of the Capitol including the Crypt, the Hall of Columns, and the Capitol Visitor Center.

Huey Pierce Long

Charles Keck, National Statuary Hall, 1941* Huey Long, “The Kingfish,” was born in Winnfield, Louisiana, on August 30, 1893, to a poor farm family of strong religious convictions He attended the local public schools At the age of 16 he was on his own as a door-to-door salesman He studied law for six months at the University of Oklahoma in 1912; he later finished the course at Tulane University and was admitted to the bar in 1915

• An energetic campaigner, Long became popular for his grassroots oratory
• He was elected governor in 1928, campaigning on a platform of free schoolbooks, paved roads, and improved hospitals
• As governor he enlarged the state university at Baton Rouge to accommodate more students
• His rise to power during the Depression years capitalized on the people’s needs
• His bold use of authority and state funds nearly led to his impeachment in 1929, but proceedings collapsed in the state senate
• Elected to the U S Senate in 1930, he did not take his seat until January 1932 His proposed “Share Our Wealth” program, which promised every family $5000 and the confiscation of large estates, made him a presidential prospect for 1936
• At the height of his power, while visiting the state house in Baton Rouge, Long was assassinated
• He died on September 10, 1935, and is buried on the grounds of the state capitol

Edward Douglass White

Arthur C. Morgan, Capitol Visitor Center, 1955*

Edward Douglass White was born on November 3, 1845, in Louisiana He was educated at Mount St Mary’s College in Maryland; at Jesuit College in New Orleans; and at Georgetown College (now University) in Washington, D C In 1861 he left school and enlisted in the Confederate Army After the war he studied law, and in 1868 he was admitted to the bar

• He served in the state Senate from 1874 to 1879 and on the Louisiana Supreme Court from 1879 to 1880 - He was elected to the U S Senate in 1890 and served until 1894, when he was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Cleveland - Appointed chief justice by President Taft in 1910, he was the first justice to be so elevated, and he served until his death - White’s 27 years on the high court spanned a period of rapid social and economic change, including the development and expansion of the powers of the federal government
• His commitment to nationalism was particularly evident in decisions regarding congressional power over interstate commerce
• His major contribution to jurisprudence was the 1911 “rule of reason” decision, applied to anti-trust cases He also supported a federal income tax
• White died in Washington, D C , on May 19, 1921

LOUISIANA STATUES

*Indicates year that the statue was added to the collection.

LOUISIANA