Fundamental Aerothermodynamics - Turbomachinery Aerodynamics - Lecture Slides, Slides of Turbomachinery

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Axial Turbine -----

Fundamental Aerothermodynamics

Shaft energy from the turbine is used to run :

i) A compressor, or a fan , which raises the internal

energy content of the fluid before it goes into

the combustor, for hot thrust

ii) A Fan that produces cold propulsive thrust

iii) A propeller to create the propulsive thrust

A Multi-stage 2-spool axial turbine layout

Thermodynamic changes in Turbine in a GTE Cycle

03 is the delivery from C.C.

High energy flow is accelerated in a stator and made to impinge on the rotor with high momentum and then made to take huge turn through the passage between the blades. The work transfer is through large angular momentum change through the blades.

Impulse turbines

Reaction turbines

The flow is accelerated through the rotor blade passage which is an converging curved nozzle passage; Jet effect creates a reaction force as per Newton’s 3 rd^ law of motion. This work is in addition to the work done by large turning.

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Axial flow turbine 2-D cascade velocity diagram

Impulse turbines V 2 =V 3 reaction turbines V 3 >V 2

a

0 -Rotor 02 03 0 -Rotor (^) / / 0 -Rotor 02 03

ΔT T -T

ΔT T -T

Total-to-total isentropic efficiency of the rotor only

Th

H = U Cw +Cw

Specific Work (per unit mass flow)

Done

Next Class :

Detailed 2-D Turbine Aerodynamics