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Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a non-profit organization, or a government body. It is the art and science of managing resources of the business.
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Management is the coordination and administration of tasks to achieve a goal. In other words, management is a set of principles relating to the functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling, and the application of these principles in harnessing physical, financial, human and informational resources efficiently and effectively to achieve organizational goals.
There are now four commonly accepted functions of management that encompass these necessary skills: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Consider what each of these functions entails, as well as how each may look in action.
PLANNING Planning is the primary function of management that involves formulating a future course of action for accomplishing a specific purpose. Planning enables managers to decide what task to do, how to do the task, when to do the task and by whom the task has to be done.
DEFNITION
By going through the definitions of planning we will be able to do understand its concept for there for some definitions are follows
1. Planning is the continuous process of making present entrepreneurial decisions systematically and with best possible knowledge their futurity, organizing systematically the efforts needed to carry out these decisions and measuring the results of these decisions against the expectation through organized systematic feedback.
-Peter Drucker
2. Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap between where we are, where we want to go. It makes possible things to occur, which would not otherwise occur. - Koontz and O’Donnell
ORGANIZING
Along with planning, a manager's organizational skills can help to ensure a company or departmental unit runs smoothly. From establishing internal processes and structures to knowing which employees or teams are best suited for specific tasks, keeping everyone and everything organized throughout daily operations are important functions of management. Organization isn't just about delegating tasks efficiently and making sure employees have what they need to accomplish their tasks, however. Managers also need to be able to reorganize in response to new challenges. This could come into practice in the form of slightly adjusting the timeline for a project or re-allocating tasks from one team to another. Or, it could mean significantly altering a team's internal structure and roles in response to company growth.
DEFNITION Organizing is the second key management function, after planning, which coordinates human efforts, arranges resources and incorporates the two in such a way which helps in the achievement of objectives. It involves deciding the ways and means with which the plans can be implemented. It entails defining jobs and working relationships, assigning different tasks associated with the plans, arranging and allocating resources, design a structure which distinguishes duties, responsibilities and authorities, scheduling activities, in order to maintain smoothness and effectiveness in operations.